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Tolerance To The Impairing Effects Of Alcohol On The Inhibition And Activation Of Behavior, Erik Wayne Ostling
Tolerance To The Impairing Effects Of Alcohol On The Inhibition And Activation Of Behavior, Erik Wayne Ostling
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Moderate doses of alcohol impair response inhibition activation. Recent work has shown that, during a single dose, response inhibition recovers from the impairing effects of alcohol more slowly than response activation. Evidence for a lag in tolerance development to inhibitory versus activational mechanisms suggests that, as blood alcohol declines, drinkers’ response inhibition might continue to be impaired, despite the recovery of response activation. However, this has not been studied across repeated doses. This study examined how cross-session tolerance to alcohol develops differentially between response activation and inhibition. Thirty-two healthy adults performed a cued go/no-go task that measured response activation and …
Institutional Elder Neglect In Civil Court: Perceptions Of Video Recorded Victim Testimony, Nesa Elizabeth Wasarhaley
Institutional Elder Neglect In Civil Court: Perceptions Of Video Recorded Victim Testimony, Nesa Elizabeth Wasarhaley
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Mock juror perception of institutional elder neglect (IEN) was investigated in a civil court context. Participants (N=148) read a fictional IEN civil trial summary in which an alleged elderly female victim filed a lawsuit against her nursing home for failure to provide adequate care but died prior to trial. Participants read a version in which (a) previously recorded video testimony from the alleged victim was presented, (b) the alleged victim’s floor-mate testified about witnessing the neglect, or (c) no witness testimony was presented. An ageism scale was completed, and participants indicated the amount of time they spend with elders. Results …
A Five-Factor Measure Of Schizotypal Personality Disorder, Maryanne Edmundson
A Five-Factor Measure Of Schizotypal Personality Disorder, Maryanne Edmundson
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
The current study provides convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity data for a measure of schizotypia from the perspective of the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of general personality structure. Nine schizotypia facet scales were constructed as maladaptive variants of respective facets of the FFM (e.g., Aberrant Ideas as a maladaptive variant of FFM Openness to Ideas). On the basis of data from 143 undergraduates the convergent validity of these nine facet scales was tested with respect to 11 established measures of schizotypia and the respective facets of the FFM. Discriminant validity was tested with respect to other personality disorders and facets from …
A Comparison Of The Reiss Profile With The Neo Pi-R Assessment Of Personality, Sara E. Boyd
A Comparison Of The Reiss Profile With The Neo Pi-R Assessment Of Personality, Sara E. Boyd
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
The purpose of this thesis was to determine whether the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO PI-R) could account for significant variance within a measure of personality developed for the intellectually disabled (i.e., the Reiss Profile of Fundamental Motives), as well as to consider their comparative validity. The NEO PI-R and the Reiss Profile of Fundamental Motives were administered to 127 undergraduate students in conjunction with the Personality Research Form (PRF) and the Behavior Report Form (BRF). The NEO PI-R was able to account for a substantial amount of variance in the Reiss Profile scales, and the Reiss and the NEO accounted …
Somatic Injury Precedes Distal Atrophy Following Excitotoxic Hippocampal Insult, Lynda Sharrett-Field
Somatic Injury Precedes Distal Atrophy Following Excitotoxic Hippocampal Insult, Lynda Sharrett-Field
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Excitotoxicity can lead to increases in intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations via the glutamatergic NMDA receptors, which can lead to cell death. Detailing the time-dependent degradation of neuronal components in response to excitotoxic challenge may help elucidate the sequence in which these signaling pathways are initiated and further, associate these pathways with topographic cellular demise. Using organotypic hippocampal slice culture technique, tissue from neonatal rat pups was exposed to NMDA, APV, or co-exposed for 24, 72 or 120 hours. Fluorescent microscopy of propidium iodide (PI) was used to evaluate neuronal membrane damage, changes in the density of mature …
Time-Dependence Of Distal-To-Proximal Hippocampal Neurodegeneration Produced By N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Activation, Jennifer Nicole Berry
Time-Dependence Of Distal-To-Proximal Hippocampal Neurodegeneration Produced By N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Activation, Jennifer Nicole Berry
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Excitotoxicity is the overexcitation of neurons due to the excessive activation of excitatory amino acid receptors and is thought to be involved in many neurodegenerative states. The manner in which the neuron breaks down during excitotoxicity is still unclear. The current study used the organotypic hippocampal slice culture model to examine the time-dependent loss of the synaptic vesicular protein synaptophysin and the loss of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor NR1 subunit availability following an excitotoxic insult (20 μM NMDA) to provide a better understanding of the topographical nature of neuronal death following NMDA receptor activation. Significant NMDA-induced cytotoxicity in the CA1 …
Alcohol Dose And Aggression: Another Reason Why Drinking More Is A Bad Idea, Aaron Adriel Duke
Alcohol Dose And Aggression: Another Reason Why Drinking More Is A Bad Idea, Aaron Adriel Duke
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
A wealth of studies have examined the impact of alcohol on violence; however, only a small number have addressed differences elicited by different doses of alcohol. Such studies are seriously limited by mixed findings, small sample sizes, inconsistent alcohol doses and control conditions, a bias toward studying only male participants, and the predominant use of only one particular measure to assess aggression. The present laboratory investigation was designed to elucidate and advance this literature by improving upon these limitations. Participants were 187 (95 men and 92 women) social drinkers. Following the consumption of one of 6 alcohol doses (i.e., 0.0g/kg; …