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The Impact Of Within-Day Work Breaks On Daily Recovery Processes: An Event-Based Pre-/Post-Experience Sampling Study, Ze Zhu, Laruen Kuykendall, Xichao Zhang

Psychology Faculty Publications

Research on recovery from work stress has emphasized the importance of within-day work breaks. However, prior research has not been designed and analysed in a way that fully aligns with the processes described by the underlying theoretical framework (i.e., the effort-recovery model). The current paper examines the effects of within-day work breaks on recovery using an event-based pre-/post (EBPP)-design, in a way that more fully captures the recovery process as described by the effort-recovery model. We also included designs used in previous studies (i.e., an interval-based design and an event-based design without pre-break strain measures) to demonstrate the differences between …

The Effect Of Problem Construction On Team Process And Creativity, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Vignesh Murugavel

Psychology Faculty Publications

Although research on the benefits of problem construction within the creative process is expanding, research on team problem construction is limited. This study investigates the cognitive process of problem construction and identification at the team level through an experimental design. Furthermore, this study explores team social processes in relation to problem construction instructions. Using student teams solving a real-world problem, the results of this study revealed that teams that engaged in problem construction and identification generated more original ideas than teams that did not engage in such processes. Moreover, higher satisfaction and lower conflict was observed among groups that engaged …

The Effect Of Problem Construction On Team Process And Creativity, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Vignesh Murugavel

Psychology Faculty Publications

Although research on the benefits of problem construction within the creative process is expanding, research on team problem construction is limited. This study investigates the cognitive process of problem construction and identification at the team level through an experimental design. Furthermore, this study explores team social processes in relation to problem construction instructions. Using student teams solving a real-world problem, the results of this study revealed that teams that engaged in problem construction and identification generated more original ideas than teams that did not engage in such processes. Moreover, higher satisfaction and lower conflict was observed among groups that engaged …

Do We Really Need Another Meeting? The Science Of Workplace Meetings, Joseph Mroz, Joseph A. Allen, Dana C. Verhoeven, Marissa L. Shuffler

Psychology Faculty Publications

Meetings are routine in organizations, but their value is often questioned by the employees who must sit through them daily. The science of meetings that has emerged as of late provides necessary direction toward improving meetings, but an evaluation of the current state of the science is much needed. In this review, we examine current directions for the psychological science of workplace meetings, with a focus on applying scientific findings about the activities that occur before, during, and after meetings that facilitate success. We conclude with concrete recommendations and a checklist for promoting good meetings, as well as some thoughts …

Depressive Symptoms Are Associated With More Negative Functional Outcomes Than Anxiety Symptoms In Persons With Multiple Sclerosis, Sascha Gill, Jonathan Santo, Mervin Blair, Sarah Marrow

Psychology Faculty Publications

Depression and anxiety are common among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS), and both negatively affect functional status. However, studies rarely account for overlap in depressive and anxiety symptoms on functional outcomes among people with MS. The authors aimed to examine the differential impact of depression and anxiety, measured by the Anxiety and Depression subscales of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A and HADS-D), on functional outcomes among people with MS. Using a retrospective chart review of 128 people with MS, the authors used exploratory structural equation modeling to examine the relation of HADS-A and HADS-D to functional outcomes, namely …

Won't You Be My Neighbor?, John C. Lyden

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of Won't You Be My Neighbor? (2018), directed by Morgan Neville.

Group And Organizational Safety Norms Set The Stage For Good Post-Fall Huddles, Joseph A. Allen, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Victoria Kennel, Katherine J. Jones

Psychology Faculty Publications

We explored group and organizational safety norms as antecedents to meeting leader behaviors and achievement of desired outcomes in a special after-action review case—a post-fall huddle. A longitudinal survey design was used to investigate the relationship between organizational/group safety norms, huddle leader behavior, and huddle meeting effectiveness. The sample included health care workers in critical access hospitals (N = 206) who completed a baseline safety norm assessment and an assessment of post-fall huddle experiences 3 to 6 months later. Findings indicate that organizational and group safety norms relate to perceived huddle meeting effectiveness through appropriate huddle leader behavior in a …

The Society For Industrial And Organizational Psychology’S Guidelines For Education And Training: An Executive Summary Of The 2016/2017 Revision, Jennifer Lee Gibson, Stephanie C. Payne, Whitney Botsford Morgan, Joseph A. Allen

Psychology Faculty Publications

The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP, Division 14 of the American Psychological Association [APA]) maintains Guidelines for Education and Training to provide guidance for the training of industrial-organizational (I-O) psychologists. The 2016/2017 revision combines separate documents for master’s- and doctoral-level training into one document, because the competencies required for each degree are not very different. Instead, the degrees differ in breadth and depth. The updated Guidelines were approved as APA policy in August 2017. In this article, we briefly review the revision process and highlight the updates made in the latest version of the Guidelines. (PsycINFO Database Record …

“Room At Our Table": Analyzing The Efficacy Of Pro-Refugee Social Media Campaigns Based On Hospitality Values And Resource Sharing, Virginia Gallner

Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects

Applying a theoretical framework of engaging hospitality values can reduce implicit bias. This research was implemented through a social media campaign called Room at Our Table, based around a series of webisodes that utilize the psychological concept of meal sharing as a community-building activity to change perspectives on hospitality toward refugees, via the reduction of implicit bias. Psychologically, aversion to welcoming refugees can also stem from identity threat and a desire to protect resources within a given group. Here in Nebraska, people are changing their minds about refugees based on personal interactions. In 2016, Nebraska resettled the most refugees per …

12 Years Of Paca: A Review Of Trends In Paca Publications, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Pablo P. L. Tinio

Psychology Faculty Publications

In this editorial, the editors take an opportunity to summarize and review the journal from its inception and first volume in 2006 to date. In their review, they focused on a number of factors such as number of submissions, number of papers published, keywords used, special issues developed, and journal reach.

I-O Psychology Gives Back To Society!, William P. Jimenez, Mahima Saxena

Psychology Faculty Publications

Industrial-organizational (I-O) psychology—what a mouthful! The field originally focused on the prediction and improvement of job performance in industrial and military settings, but after World War II interests in broader organizational phenomena (e.g., leadership, groups, motivation, satisfaction) came into frame. Before APA Division 14 incorporated as the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) in 1982, it was called Division 14, Industrial and Business Psychology from 1945 to 1962. In 1962, “Business” was dropped from the name, and in 1973 “Organizational” was added to the name.

Considering the field’s historical focus and Division 14’s former names, it isn’t surprising …

Good Catch! Using Interdisciplinary Teams And Team Reflexivity To Improve Patient Safety, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Victoria Kennel, Joseph A. Allen, Katherine J. Jones

Psychology Faculty Publications

Interdisciplinary teams play an important role implementing innovations that facilitate the quality and safety of patient care. This article examined the role of reflexivity in team innovation implementation and its association with an objective patient safety outcome, inpatient fall rates (a fall is an unintended downward displacement of a patient’s body to the ground or other object). In this study, we implemented, supported, and evaluated interdisciplinary teams intended to decrease fall risk in 16 small rural hospitals. These hospitals were part of a collaborative that sought to increase knowledge and facilitate reflexivity about fall event reporting and fall risk reduction …

Let's Get This Meeting Started: Meeting Lateness And Actual Meeting Outcomes, Joseph A. Allen, Nale Lehmann-Willenbrock, Steven G. Rogelberg

Psychology Faculty Publications

Meeting lateness is pervasive and potentially highly consequential for individuals, groups, and organizations. In Study 1, we first examined base rates of lateness to meetings in an employee sample and found that meeting lateness is negatively related to both meeting satisfaction and effectiveness. We then conducted two lab studies to better understand the nature of this negative relationship between meeting lateness and meeting outcomes. In Study 2, we manipulated meeting lateness using a confederate and showed that participants' anticipated meeting satisfaction and effectiveness was significantly lower when meetings started late. In Study 3, participants holding actual group meetings were randomly …

Modeling And Predicting Serious Cwbs Using Improved Analytic Methods, Benjamin Thomas, Kyle Kercher

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Research seeking to study and prevent serious forms of employee misbehaviors has been stymied by low incident rates and non-normal responses. Polychoric (cf., Pearson) correlation -based analytic methods offer solutions to these kinds of data. This 2-study (N = 172; N = 454) research provides support for these analytic methods in building models that distinguish serious and minor CWBs.

Gender Identity And Self-Esteem Within The Contexts Of The Same-Sex Peer Group, Nation, And Group Individualism And Collectivism, Mithra H. Pirooz

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Adolescence is a period of development during which needs and relationships shift (Sebastian, Burnett, & Blakemore, 2008). Issues of gender also become more salient, and gender identity has been related to different areas of psychosocial adjustment, such as self-esteem (Egan & Perry, 2001). The current study examined predictors of self-esteem among early adolescents in the context of a multilevel model. We considered felt pressure to conform to gender norms, gender typicality, and gender satisfaction as individual-level predictors within the contexts of the same-sex peer group, nation, and group levels of individualism and collectivism. Multilevel modeling was employed to account for …

Meeting Lateness And The Effects On Employees In The Workplace, Kathleen Stibbs

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

A workplace meeting is an event or discussion that two or more individuals partake in with the goal of accomplishing work-related tasks. Half the time spent in meetings is wasted due to negative behaviors such as lateness. It is hypothesized that people who give an inadequate excuse for meeting lateness receive poorer outcomes/ratings than those who give no excuse, with an adequate excuse receiving the best ratings. An excuse can be considered inadequate in two ways: if another action was available and if it is considered unethical. A survey was administered to determine what feelings arise towards late individuals. Results …

Team Leadership Emergence And Team Outcomes, Ryan Royston

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Using sequential analysis, we observed how team problem solving and procedural communication differed by leadership (shared leadership, single leader, or leaderless). While all teams engaged in solution identification and elaboration, shared leader teams showed higher performance, and tended to draw more connections with solutions and engage in planning follow-up tasks.

Effect Of Mindful Meditation And Gratitude Journaling On College Student Stress And Well-Being Overtime, Stephanie N. Hines, Lisa L. Scherer

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

College students are stressed out! Majority of students tend to use maladaptive mechanisms to cope with stress, which can potentially impact their academics and career planning. This study focused on the potential benefits of two mainstream Mindfulness Training interventions in reducing stress for college students. Specifically, Mindful Meditation and Mindful Gratitude Journaling were implemented into two separate conditions, in which data was collected from 30 Organizational Psychology students online who were randomly assigned to each condition. Students were required to answer a series of questionnaires at times one (pre-test) and times two (post-test) that measured demographics, levels of stress, and …

The Moderating Effects Of Structure In Evaluation Criteria On The Relationship Between Tolerance For Ambiguity And Idea Evaluation Accuracy, Vignesh Murugavel

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

This study examined how participant’s tolerance for ambiguity affected the accuracy of their evaluations of ideas. Structure in evaluation criteria was used as a moderating variable. Participants assessed 15 solutions to an ambiguous problem and evaluated the originality of the solutions under three experimental conditions. Participants were either given no structure, limited structure, or more structure for evaluating solutions. Participants were also given a measure of tolerance for ambiguity. Tolerance for ambiguity had no bearing solution evaluation accuracy for the quality of a solution in any condition. Tolerance for ambiguity was negatively related to originality evaluation accuracy in the no …

Self-Continuity Moderates The Association Between Peer Victimization And Depressed Affect, Jonathan Santo, Alexa Martin-Storey, Holly E. Recchia, William M. Bukowski

Psychology Faculty Publications

Two longitudinal studies conducted with early adolescents (ages 10–13) examined the hypothesis that self-continuity, or the degree to which individuals feel that they remain the same person over time regardless of how their specific characteristics may change, would moderate the association between victimization and depressed affect. Both Study 1 (N = 141) and Study 2 (N = 100) provided evidence of the moderating role of self-continuity as a buffer on the effect of peer victimization. Study 2 confirmed that self-continuity had a moderating effect after controlling for academic performance, number of friends, self-esteem, self-concept clarity, hopelessness, and self-blame. …

Facilitating Creativity In Interdisciplinary Design Teams Using Cognitive Processes: A Review, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Salvatore Leone

Psychology Faculty Publications

Interdisciplinary, or cross-functional, teams have become quite common for engineering and design. Many of today’s scientific breakthroughs occur in interdisciplinary teams, as the increasingly complex problems facing society often cannot be addressed by single disciplines alone. However, fostering creative and productive collaboration in interdisciplinary teams is no easy challenge. First, leading creative teamwork is difficult by itself. Second, many of the factors that impede teams and teamwork in general are exacerbated in interdisciplinary teams as a result of differences between team members. In this paper, we will review the team creativity psychology and management literature, and discuss how cognitive processes …

Debriefs: Teams Learning From Doing In Context, Joseph A. Allen, Roni Reiter-Palmon, John Crowe, Cliff Scott

Psychology Faculty Publications

Debriefs are a type of work meeting in which teams discuss, interpret, and learn from recent events during which they collaborated. In a variety of forms, debriefs are found across a wide range of organizational types and settings. Well-conducted debriefs can improve team effectiveness by 25% across a variety of organizations and settings. For example, the U.S. military adopted debriefs decades ago to promote learning and performance across the various services. Subsequently, debriefs have been introduced in the medical field, the fire service, aviation, education, and in a variety of organizational training and simulation environments. After a discussion of various …

The Importance Of Leisure For Subjective Well-Being, Laruen Kuykendall, Louis Boemerman, Ze Zhu

Psychology Faculty Publications

This chapter reviews what is known about how leisure contributes to subjective well-being (SWB). We review evidence documenting the importance of leisure for SWB and point to psychological need fulfillment as the main mechanism through which leisure promotes well-being. We discuss why individuals often do not fully experience the beneficial effects of leisure, focusing on intrapersonal, interpersonal, and structural constraints to leisure participation, and review differences in the degree and type of constraints experienced by different demographic groups. Finally, we review research on the cognitive and behavioral strategies individuals employ to overcome leisure constraints, and highlight the need to understand …

Leadership In Workplace Meetings: The Intersection Of Leadership Styles And Follower Gender, Joseph R. Mroz, Michael Yoerger, Joseph A. Allen

Psychology Faculty Publications

Meetings are ubiquitous across organizations, yet researchers have paid scant attention to the role of meeting leaders in affecting meeting outcomes. Because meetings are important discursive sites, the style of a meeting leader may influence subordinate views of the meeting and leader. Using a sample of working adults, we first demonstrated that meeting attendees who perceived their leader as participative viewed the leader as more warm and competent than meeting attendees who had a directive leader. We explain this finding through the framework of social exchange theory. In Study 2, we conducted an experiment to further probe the relation between …

The Effect Of Value Similarity On Mentoring Relationships And Outcomes, Marcy Young Illies, Roni Reiter-Palmon

Psychology Faculty Publications

One hundred and forty-six protégés with a mentor in their profession responded to a survey exploring how value similarity affects mentoring success (career support, psychosocial support, and satisfaction with the mentor) and organizational outcomes (organizational commitment, career success, and job satisfaction). Results revealed that protégés who perceived their values to be similar to those of their mentor had more mentoring success. Mentoring success correlated with more positive organizational outcomes. Finally, it was found that mentoring success mediated between perceived value similarity and important organizational outcomes (job satisfaction and organizational commitment).

Biological Bases, Suzanne I. Sollars

Psychology Faculty Publications

Lab Title: Structure/Function Relationships within Sensory Systems

Main Idea/Concept Demonstrated or Taught by Lab: Students will examine the way in which individual differences in anatomical structures can influence how the system functions. Perception of a sensory stimulus can vary between individuals. Such structure/function relations in physiological systems can change the way an individual behaves. In this lab, students will test taste intensity of salt and sugar solutions, quantify fungiform papillae (an indirect measure of the number of taste buds), and determine the correlation between the number of fungiform papillae and taste intensity ratings.

Lab Title: Modification of …

The Results Are In! Updated Alternative I-O Graduate Program Rankings, Nicholas P. Salter, Joseph A. Allen, Allison S. Gabriel, Loren J. Naidoo, David Sowinski

Psychology Faculty Publications

In the summer of 2016, we issued a Call for Proposals to submit unique and innovative methodologies to rank I-O graduate programs. In response to this, many projects were proposed to us. After much hard work (and the broader SIOP community’s help), the five selected projects have been completed. Each of these five papers are included in the current issue of TIP. We believe each of these papers will be an important contribution to our field and will guide individuals in the future – as well as generate much thought and discussion about the state of our field and the …

The Effect Of Value Similarity On Mentoring Relationships And Outcomes, Marc Young Illies, Roni Reiter-Palmon

Psychology Faculty Publications

One hundred and forty-six protégés with a mentor in their profession responded to a survey exploring how value similarity affects mentoring success (career support, psychosocial support, and satisfaction with the mentor) and organizational outcomes (organizational commitment, career success, and job satisfaction). Results revealed that protégés who perceived their values to be similar to those of their mentor had more mentoring success. Mentoring success correlated with more positive organizational outcomes. Finally, it was found that mentoring success mediated between perceived value similarity and important organizational outcomes (job satisfaction and organizational commitment).