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Homophobia In Non-Heterosexuals And Their Families, Merel Hermans
Homophobia In Non-Heterosexuals And Their Families, Merel Hermans
Psychology
Homophobia is described as the negative attitudes towards non-heterosexual individuals. The evolutionary advantage of homophobia and of sexualities other than heterosexuality remain poorly understood within evolutionary psychology. This research extends Gallup’s 1995 research, in which people were found to respond more negatively towards same-sex pairs (i.e. imagining their daughter spending time with a lesbian mother, and a son spending time with a gay father), than opposite-sex pairs.Gallup’s original study did not include lesbian, gay, bisexual and queer (LGBTQ) individuals, however given the increasing acceptance of these groups it is now appropriate to expand this research to include these groups. One …
The Mediating Effect Of Moral Beliefs On Responses To Cyberbullying Scenarios, Valdis Rice
The Mediating Effect Of Moral Beliefs On Responses To Cyberbullying Scenarios, Valdis Rice
Psychology
Just as in traditional bullying, bystanders play a pivotal role in cyberbullying as well. The current study sought to elucidate characteristics that distinguish individuals who act as passive bystanders from those who intervene on a victim’s behalf who is cyberbullied (“active bystanders”). Of particular interest was to examine whether empathy, moral beliefs and emotion regulation predict bystanding. Social self-efficacy, i.e., the belief in one’s ability to express one’s opinion and handle interpersonal conflict, was also examined. A sample of 400 college students completed a set of self-report instruments assessing these constructs and cyberbullying. Additionally, participants were asked how they would …
The Effects Of System Justification And Reminders Of Ingroup Disadvantage On Just World Beliefs, Lukas Sotola
The Effects Of System Justification And Reminders Of Ingroup Disadvantage On Just World Beliefs, Lukas Sotola
Psychology
The tendency to believe that people get what they deserve—termed just world beliefs—is a pervasive phenomenon associated with acceptance of the suffering of others. We tested whether we could decrease just world beliefs. We experimentally manipulated system justification, and gave participants false feedback on a gender Implicit Association Test telling them that they favor the “opposite” gender. For female participants, this false feedback represented a reminder of their ingroup’s low status by suggesting that they support the status quo that disadvantages women. Participants then completed a self-report measure of just world beliefs. As an indirect measure of just world beliefs, …
Effects Of Massive Familiarization On Crossmodal Aesthetic Preference, Nicholas J. Voss, Dylan S. Campbell, Ronald S. Friedman
Effects Of Massive Familiarization On Crossmodal Aesthetic Preference, Nicholas J. Voss, Dylan S. Campbell, Ronald S. Friedman
Psychology
An investigation was carried out to determine whether familiarization to the experience of visual dissonance would have crossmodal effects on the preference for dissonant and consonant musical stimuli. We hypothesized that subjects who viewed a large number of disharmonious color combinations would come to show greater liking for dissonant musical stimuli than their counterparts who had seen either harmonious or single color images. Findings showed that there was no difference in preference between groups, though musical experience and score on a benign masochism measure predicted larger differences between average ratings of consonant and dissonant chords. These results are discussed in …
Persuasion In Online Communication : Automation And Counteraction, Samira Shaikh Shaikh
Persuasion In Online Communication : Automation And Counteraction, Samira Shaikh Shaikh
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In this thesis, we studied persuasion in online communication and how to automate
Do Differentiation Of Self And Dispositional Optimism Moderate The Relation Of Perceived Ptsd Symptoms To Military Partners' Romantic Relationship Satisfaction?, Patricia Cabrera
Do Differentiation Of Self And Dispositional Optimism Moderate The Relation Of Perceived Ptsd Symptoms To Military Partners' Romantic Relationship Satisfaction?, Patricia Cabrera
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Despite extensive research on the harmful effect of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms on veterans, little is known about military couples’ post-deployment adjustment process. From the perspective of positive psychology, the present study extended the literature on this topic by examining the possible buffering contributions of dispositional optimism and differentiation of self on the relation between partner-perceived PTSD symptoms and relationship satisfaction.
Evaluating The Immediate Impacts Of Brief Mindfulness Versus Lovingkindness Meditation, Jamie Rae Forsyth
Evaluating The Immediate Impacts Of Brief Mindfulness Versus Lovingkindness Meditation, Jamie Rae Forsyth
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Although meditation has been around for centuries, it’s only recently that the utility of such an ancient practice has gained popularity within Western psychology. A vast body of literature supports the notion that meditation can have important impacts on suffering and psychopathology; however, few studies have evaluated differential effects between various forms of meditation. The aims of this study are threefold: 1) to determine if a brief meditation can have immediate effects on an individuals’ mood, 2) to determine the validity of two different types of meditations (mindfulness and lovingkindness) and 3) to evaluate the differential efficacy of the two …
Predictive Validity Of Curriculum-Based Reading Measures For High-Stakes Outcome Assessments With Secondary Students Identified As Struggling Readers, Tierney Gifford
Predictive Validity Of Curriculum-Based Reading Measures For High-Stakes Outcome Assessments With Secondary Students Identified As Struggling Readers, Tierney Gifford
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Curriculum-based measurement (CBM) tools are used widely to assess students’ progress within different stages of the Response to Intervention (RTI) process. Despite the wide-spread use, little research has identified the efficacy of reading CBMs in predicting secondary student outcomes on high-stakes assessments. High-stakes assessments are being utilized to determine outcomes for not just students, but teachers, administrators, and districts. More research is needed to determine if reading CBMs are useful tools for the populations of struggling secondary readers. The current study was a secondary analysis of existing data, which attempted to gain an understanding of this through examining the predictive …
How Do Students Appraise And Cope With Episodic Stressors : A Four-Wave Study, Jingyi Huang
How Do Students Appraise And Cope With Episodic Stressors : A Four-Wave Study, Jingyi Huang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Stress is a dynamic process. For episodic task-related stressors, four stages – the anticipatory stage, the confronting stage, the waiting stage, and the outcome stage – can be defined. Using a student sample, in this study I employed a longitudinal design to examine how exam-related coping unfolds across these stages, how perceived control predicts the use of coping strategies, and how personality moderates the relations between perceived control and the selection of coping strategies. The results show that across time behavioral disengagement and substance use had a convex trajectory, and that seeking of emotional social support and positive reinterpretation had …
Emotional Factors Affecting Face-Name Memory : The Role Of Valence And Arousal During Encoding, Stephanie Ann Kazanas
Emotional Factors Affecting Face-Name Memory : The Role Of Valence And Arousal During Encoding, Stephanie Ann Kazanas
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The emotion literature has maintained that emotional stimuli are prioritized over neutral stimuli: Emotional words and images are detected faster, processed more automatically, and remembered better. However, the benefit from processing emotional stimuli can also be affected by valence, wherein some emotion advantages are driven by positive emotion and others by negative emotion. This is particularly evident in the face memory literature, in which researchers have investigated the role of expressed emotion in learning new faces. For example, some have found that happy faces are more memorable than angry and neutral faces. However, when comparing memory for happy faces with …
The Association Of Internalized Stigmas, Culture-Specific Coping, And Depression In Gay And Bisexual Black Men, Duane Glen Khan
The Association Of Internalized Stigmas, Culture-Specific Coping, And Depression In Gay And Bisexual Black Men, Duane Glen Khan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Gay and bisexual Black men experience higher lifetime depression rates than both White and Black heterosexual men. Some social stress researchers argued that this rate may be due to having two stigmatized minority identities and therefore being at greater risk. However, gay and bisexual Black men also experience lifetime depression rates significantly below White LGB people, suggesting resilience to depression for those with these intersecting identities, race and sexuality. This study attempted to address the debate between greater risk versus resilience in gay and bisexual Black men.
Determinants Of Veterans' Help Seeking Intentions : An Application Of The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Tania Khan
Determinants Of Veterans' Help Seeking Intentions : An Application Of The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Tania Khan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Military veterans are often placed in mentally and physically challenging situations and may also endure stress when transitioning to civilian life after their military service, which can lead to many veterans experiencing mental health concerns (Bullock, Braud, Andrews, & Phillips, 2009; Cornish, Thys, Vogel, & Wade, 2014; Hoge, Auchterlonie, & Milliken, 2006; Seal, Bertenthal, Miner, Sen, & Marmar, 2007). Despite the increased risk, many veterans choose not to seek out professional mental health services (Kim, Britt, Klocko, Riviere, & Adler, 2010; Sharp et al., 2015).
Perceived Racial Microaggressions And Psychological Well-Being Among African American College Students, Daniel Knauer
Perceived Racial Microaggressions And Psychological Well-Being Among African American College Students, Daniel Knauer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among perceived racial microaggressions, social support, and indicators of psychological well-being in a sample of 155 African American college students from a stress and coping perspective. Perceived racial microaggressions were associated with greater symptoms of anxiety and depression. However, life satisfaction did not account for this relationship, as expected. Two forms of social support, general social support and social support matched for racial situations, were tested as buffers of the effects of perceived microaggressions on psychological outcome variables within a regression framework. The buffering model, which predicted that social support …
Development And Initial Validation Of The Sources Of Self-Efficacy Information Scales For Working With Lesbian, Gay, And Bisexual Clients, Snehal Moroth Kumar
Development And Initial Validation Of The Sources Of Self-Efficacy Information Scales For Working With Lesbian, Gay, And Bisexual Clients, Snehal Moroth Kumar
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A new self-report measure, the Sources of Self-Efficacy Information Scales for Working
Cannabis Users' Experience Of Cannabis Craving : A Test Of The Cue-Reactivity Model, Mallory Jane Eglit Loflin
Cannabis Users' Experience Of Cannabis Craving : A Test Of The Cue-Reactivity Model, Mallory Jane Eglit Loflin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Despite craving’s emphasis in treatment programs, little research has been conducted that specifically focuses on cannabis craving. Cannabis use, however, is the second most commonly cited reason for entering treatment for substance abuse and dependency. An understanding of how cannabis users experience craving is necessary. The current study compared heavy/daily cannabis users with infrequent users on measures of craving following presentation of cannabis cues. Hypotheses predicted changes in physiological (heart rate, galvanic skin response) and cognitive (simple reaction time, attentional bias) correlates of craving, and increased self-reported craving following cannabis cue exposure. Results found no significant increase in most indicators …
Craving In Substance And Behavioral Addiction : The Role Of Emotion Regulation, Natalia Christine Orloff
Craving In Substance And Behavioral Addiction : The Role Of Emotion Regulation, Natalia Christine Orloff
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Individuals with emotion regulation difficulties lack the strategies to monitor and evaluate the emotional experience, often leading to an increase in efforts to constrict or conceal the emotional expression. Deficits in emotion regulation are associated with an increase in craving for risky behaviors, such as alcohol and internet use. Non-acceptance and impulse control are two domains of emotion regulation that have been linked to behavioral and substance cravings. What remains to be elucidated is whether these relationships are mediated by strategies employed to control the emotional experience. The current study aims to identify whether thought suppression mediates the relationship between …
Does Ego-Depletion Impair The Ability To Identify A Self-Control Conflict?, Jeffrey M. Osgood
Does Ego-Depletion Impair The Ability To Identify A Self-Control Conflict?, Jeffrey M. Osgood
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Research from the past fifteen years suggests that strong exertions of self-control in one instance cause self-control failure in subsequent instances. This phenomenon is called the “ego-depletion effect”. More recently, new theoretical and empirical advances in self-control research suggest a Two-Stage Model of self-control. During Stage One, individuals must identify the need to use self-control by recognizing a conflict between their current behavior and long-term goals, values, or social standards. In Stage Two, individuals must implement self-control strategies or willpower to bring current behavior in line with long-term goals, values, or social standards. To date, ego-depletion research has focused mostly …
Adjudicating The Simulation Theory/Theory Theory Debate (With Especial Attention To The Case Of Autism Spectrum Disorders), Susan M. Parrillo
Adjudicating The Simulation Theory/Theory Theory Debate (With Especial Attention To The Case Of Autism Spectrum Disorders), Susan M. Parrillo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Susan M. Parrillo
A Qualitative Analysis Of Clinician Attitudes And Experiences Learning And Implementing Transdiagnostic Evidence-Based Practices For Eating Disorders, Jennifer Marie Oswald
A Qualitative Analysis Of Clinician Attitudes And Experiences Learning And Implementing Transdiagnostic Evidence-Based Practices For Eating Disorders, Jennifer Marie Oswald
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Clinician experiences with the implementation of new practices are important factors in facilitating the use of new treatment models and evidence-based practices (EBPs). As such, they provide crucial information to behavioral health dissemination and implementation research. Qualitative interviewing allows researchers to learn from clinician experiences with greater depth and nuance. The present study qualitatively analyzed 8 clinicians’ experiences with the implementation of a new transdiagnostic treatment model for eating disorders (ED) at an intensive residential treatment center. Participating clinicians completed a semi-structured interview based on constructs from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), an organizing framework with demonstrated utility …
Do The Perceptions Of Supervisory Working Alliance Mediate The Relation Between Perceived Supervisors' Multicultural Competence And Trainees' Multicultural Counseling Self-Efficacy?, Arthur Ritmeester
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study tested whether the relation between supervisory multicultural competence (SMC), as perceived by the supervisee, and multicultural counseling self-efficacy (MCSE) was partially mediated by the supervisory working alliance (SWA). This study was conducted in response to (a) a mismatch in previous research between the operationalization of MCSE and the underlying theorizing, and (b) inconsistent results in previous research about the relation between the SWA and counseling self-efficacy development. Participants were 182 health service psychologist trainees in the United States receiving supervision at the time of data collection.
Protective Psychosocial Factors And Trauma In Multiple Sclerosis Spousal/Partner Caregivers : Intersecting Roles And Interactional Influences, Alison J. Rivers
Protective Psychosocial Factors And Trauma In Multiple Sclerosis Spousal/Partner Caregivers : Intersecting Roles And Interactional Influences, Alison J. Rivers
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating, unpredictable, chronic illness for which many diagnosed individuals are cared for by their spouses or partners (e.g., McKeown, Porter-Armstrong, & Baxter, 2003). These MS spousal/partner caregivers are especially vulnerable to the deleterious outcomes of caregiving (e.g., Buhse, 2008; Corry & While, 2009). The present research examined hypothesized protective psychosocial factors and the impact of trauma in these unique caregivers through two cross-sectional studies (n=93 and n=62). Findings from Study One demonstrate that lower caregiver burden and higher dyadic adjustment were associated with improved caregiver mental health outcomes (Chapter 1). Study One also shows that …
Exposure To Interparental Aggression During Youth And Internalizing Psychopathology In Adulthood : The Moderating Role Of The Autonomic Nervous System, Alison J. Rivers
Exposure To Interparental Aggression During Youth And Internalizing Psychopathology In Adulthood : The Moderating Role Of The Autonomic Nervous System, Alison J. Rivers
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The present study examines the impact of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an indicator of parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity, and skin conductance level (SCL), an indicator of sympathetic nervous systems (SNS) activity, on the relationship between interparental aggression exposure in childhood and adolescence and internalizing psychopathology (anxiety, depression symptoms, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms) in young adulthood. Participants completed self-report questionnaires regarding youth interparental aggression exposure and current young adult psychopathology. Participants included 188 adults (mean age = 19.45 years old; 72% Caucasian/white; 55% female). Results demonstrate that co-activation of the PNS and SNS in the context of high interparental …
School Psychologists' Knowledge Of Adolescent Suicide Myths, Jaime Leigh Savoie
School Psychologists' Knowledge Of Adolescent Suicide Myths, Jaime Leigh Savoie
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Suicide is a significant public health problem in the United States and is currently the second leading cause of death among youth ages 10-24. Due to the seriousness and pervasiveness of the problem of youth suicide, schools are being asked to take a prominent role in its prevention. School psychologists are one of the mental health professionals within schools that have an important role in school-based suicide prevention and intervention. However, there are many barriers to school-based suicide prevention, with myths about suicide being one of the most dangerous and significant barrier. The goal of the current study was to …
Effects Of Consonance And Tonality On The Detection Of Change In Polyphonic Melodies, George Albert Seror Iii
Effects Of Consonance And Tonality On The Detection Of Change In Polyphonic Melodies, George Albert Seror Iii
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Abstract
Reduced Conscious Recollection And Its Detection In Three Performance Validity Tests : A Dual Task Interference Investigation, Graham Michael Silk-Eglit
Reduced Conscious Recollection And Its Detection In Three Performance Validity Tests : A Dual Task Interference Investigation, Graham Michael Silk-Eglit
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Performance validity is an essential component of neuropsychological assessment. Research suggests that examinees with specific neurological conditions cannot successfully complete certain performance validity tests (PVTs). However, very little basic research has explored the information processing underlying performance on PVTs that might explain why these examinees fail certain PVTs. The current study used a dual task interference paradigm to isolate the impact of reducing conscious recollection on the performance of three PVTs, the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM), Victoria Symptom Validity Test (VSVT), and Word Memory Test (WMT). One-hundred-and-twenty-six non-clinical undergraduate research participants were administered these three PVTs as part of …
What's In A Kiss? : The Role Of Kissing In Romantic Relationships, Kristina N. Spaulding
What's In A Kiss? : The Role Of Kissing In Romantic Relationships, Kristina N. Spaulding
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A strong understanding of the role of kissing has important theoretical implications; however little research has been done on kissing in romantic relationships. This study aimed to examine the role of kissing in (a) mate assessment, (b) initiating arousal and (c) maintenance of an emotional bond. Data were collected by surveying college students at a public university in the northeast. The first survey (n = 121) examined the memory of the first kiss compared to other sexual “firsts” as well as the relationship between the first kiss and relationship outcome. Memories of the first kiss were weaker than memories of …
When "Nothing" Captures Attention : Automatic Visuospatial Attentional Capture By A Gap In A Circle, Matthew Aaron Thomas
When "Nothing" Captures Attention : Automatic Visuospatial Attentional Capture By A Gap In A Circle, Matthew Aaron Thomas
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Abstract
Children's Response To Pediatric Continuous Glucose Monitoring (Cgm) Sensor Insertion : The Role Of Intervention And Individual Differences, Kristen M. Uhl
Children's Response To Pediatric Continuous Glucose Monitoring (Cgm) Sensor Insertion : The Role Of Intervention And Individual Differences, Kristen M. Uhl
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Research indicates that nonpharmacological interventions are effective at reducing pain and distress during pediatric procedures. Certified child life specialists often perform these interventions. However, child life delivered procedural interventions have not been well studied in outpatient settings. Additionally, while characteristics that influence pediatric distress levels are known, their impact on procedural response in the presence of nonpharmacological interventions is not fully understood. In particular, the contribution of temperamental negative affect (NA) and effortful control (EC) are relatively unstudied in this context. The present study examined procedural response in a sample of 28 diabetic children and adolescents aged 2-18 years undergoing …
Internalized Homophobia, Alcohol Use, And Risky Sexual Behaviors : The Buffering Role Of Dbt Coping Skills, Matthew J. Worhach
Internalized Homophobia, Alcohol Use, And Risky Sexual Behaviors : The Buffering Role Of Dbt Coping Skills, Matthew J. Worhach
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Compared to their heterosexual counterparts, gay men suffer from more mental health problems including substance use disorders and risky sexual behavior (Dew & Chaney, 2005; Gilman et al., 2001; Sandfort, de Graaf, Bijl, & Schnabel, 2001; Patton, Su, Nelson, & Weinstock, 2014). Meyer’s (2003) model of minority stress proposes that internalized homophobia leads to negative health outcomes. Meyer proposed coping acts as a moderator of the relation between internalized homophobia and mental health outcomes. The present study extended Meyer’s model by examining the potential moderating effect of a specific type of coping, Dialectical Behavior Therapy coping skills, on the relationships …
Longitudinal Examination Of Family Violence, Posttraumatic Stress, Social Skills, And Aggression : An Exploratory Analysis, Shawn Wilson
Longitudinal Examination Of Family Violence, Posttraumatic Stress, Social Skills, And Aggression : An Exploratory Analysis, Shawn Wilson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Aggression in adolescence is associated with many negative outcomes both during adolescence and later in adulthood. In order to properly prevent and treat aggression, it is important to understand what factors are associated with the development of aggression. This study examined how exposure to family violence, posttraumatic stress, and social skills were related to both parent- and adolescent-rated aggressive behavior. This study was comprised of two components. First, a series of mediation models were examined using structural equation modeling. Second, exploratory analyses of the moderating effects of adolescent race and gender were conducted using multiple regression. The sample consisted of …