Digital Commons Network^™

Pediatric Procedural Pain, Ronald L. Blount, Tiina Piira, Lindsey L. Cohen, Patricia S. Cheng

Psychology Faculty Publications

Reviews the various settings in which infants, children, and adolescents experience pain during acute medical procedures, and issues related to referral of children to pain management teams. In addition, self-report, reports by others, physiological monitoring, and direct observation methods of assessment of pain and related constructs are discussed and recommendations provided. Pharmacological, other medical approaches, and empirically supported cognitive behavioral interventions are reviewed. Salient features of the interventions are discussed and recommendations are made for necessary components of effective treatment interventions.

Randomized Clinical Trial Of Distraction For Infant Immunization Pain, Lindsey L. Cohen, Jill E. Maclaren, Beverly L. Fortson, Abby Friedman, Melissa Demore, Crystal S. Lim, Elisabeth Shelton, Balram Gangaram

Psychology Faculty Publications

Distraction has been shown to be an effective technique for managing pain in children; however, few investigations have examined the utility of this technique with infants. The goal of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of movie distraction in reducing infants’ immunization distress. Participants were 136 infants (range = 1 to 21 months; M = 7.6 months, SD = 5.0 months) and their parents, all of whom were recruited when presenting for routine vaccinations. The parent-child dyads were randomly assigned to either a Distraction or Typical Care control condition. Infant and adult behaviors were assessed using a visual …

A Preliminary Investigation Of Acceptance And Commitment Therapy As A Treatment For Chronic Skin Picking, M. P. Twohig, S. C. Hayes, Akihiko Masuda

Psychology Faculty Publications

The effectiveness of a deliberately limited version of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for chronic skin picking was evaluated in a pair of multiple baseline across participants designs. Self monitoring of skin picking showed that four of the five participants reached near zero levels of picking by post-treatment, but these gains were not fully maintained for three of the four participants at follow-up. The findings of the self-reported skin picking were generally corroborated by ratings of photographs of the damaged areas and by ratings on a validated measure of skin picking severity. All participants rated the intervention as socially acceptable, and …

Increasing Willingness To Experience Obsessions: Acceptance And Commitment Therapy As A Treatment For Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, M. P. Twohig, S. C. Hayes, Akihiko Masuda

Psychology Faculty Publications

The effectiveness of a deliberately limited version of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for chronic skin picking was evaluated in a pair of multiple baseline across participants designs. Self monitoring of skin picking showed that four of the five participants reached near zero levels of picking by post-treatment, but these gains were not fully maintained for three of the four participants at follow-up. The findings of the self-reported skin picking were generally corroborated by ratings of photographs of the damaged areas and by ratings on a validated measure of skin picking severity. All participants rated the intervention as socially acceptable, and …

Acceptance And Commitment Therapy: Model, Processes And Outcomes, Stephen C. Hayes, Jason B. Luoma, Frank W. Bond, Akihiko Masuda, Jason Lillis

Psychology Faculty Publications

The present article presents and reviews the model of psychopathology and treatment underlying Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT is unusual in that it is linked to a comprehensive active basic program on the nature of human language and cognition (Relational Frame Theory), echoing back to an earlier era of behavior therapy in which clinical treatments were consciously based on basic behavioral principles. The evidence from correlational, component, process of change, and outcome comparisons relevant to the model are broadly supportive, but the literature is not mature and many questions have not yet been examined. What evidence is available suggests …

Age-Related Influence Of Contingencies On A Saccade Task, Sandra Jazbec, Michael Hardin, Elizabeth Schroth, Erin Mcclure, Daniel S. Pine, Monique Ernst

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background: Adolescence is characterized by increased risk-taking and sensation seeking, presumably brought about by developmental changes within reward-mediating brain circuits. A better understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying reward-seeking during adolescence can have critical implications for the development of strategies to enhance adolescent performance in potentially dangerous situations. Yet little research has investigated the influence of age on the modulation of behavior by incentives with neuroscience-based methods Methods: A monetary reward antisaccade task (the RST) was used with 23 healthy adolescents and 30 healthy adults. Performance accuracy, latency and peak velocity of saccade responses (prosaccades and antisaccades) were analyzed. Results: …

Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Activation And Attentional Bias In Response To Angry Faces In Adolescents With Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Christopher Monk, Eric E. Nelson, Erin Mcclure, Karin Mogg, Brendan P. Bradley, Ellen Leibenluft, James R. Blair, Gang Chen, Dennis S. Charney, Monique Ernst, Daniel Pine

Psychology Faculty Publications

Objective: While adolescent anxiety disorders represent prevalent, debilitating conditions, few studies explore their brain physiology. Using event-related functional MRI (fMRI) and a behavioral measure of attention to angry faces, we evaluated differences in response between healthy adolescents and adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Method: In the primary trials of interest, 18 adolescents with GAD and 15 comparisons of equivalent age/gender/IQ viewed angry/neutral face pairs during fMRI acquisition. Following the presentation of each face pair, subjects pressed a button to a probe that was either on the same (congruent) or opposite (incongruent) side as the angry face. Reaction time differences …

Limbic Hyperactivation During Processing Of Neutral Facial Expressions In Children With Bipolar Disorder, Brendan A. Rich, Deborah T. Vinton, Roxann Roberson-Nay, Lisa H. Berghorst, Erin B. Mcclure, Stephen Fromm, Daniel Pine, Ellen Leibenluft

Psychology Faculty Publications

A major paradigm shift in mental health has led to the ascendance of the view that chronic psychopathology results from perturbed neural development. While most work in this area examines schizophrenia, the current report extends the paradigm to bipolar disorder (BD) in youth, thus demonstrating traction (not sure I understand what you mean here) in the developmental-psychobiology perspective. To study the role of amygdala dysfunction, we examined the neural mechanisms mediating face processing in 22 youth (mean age 14.21 + 3.11 years) with BD and 21 controls of comparable age, gender, and IQ. Event-related fMRI compared neural activation when attention …

The Assessment Challenge Of Native American Educational Researchers., Robin D. Morris, Hye Kyeong Pae, Cynthia Arrington, Rose Sevcik

Psychology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Teaching Children To Become Fluent And Automatic Readers, Melanie Kuhn, Paula Schwanenlugel, Leslie Morrow, Robin Morris, Deborah Woo, Elizabeth Meisinger, Rose Sevcik, Barbara Bradley, Steven Stahl

Psychology Faculty Publications

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of two instructional approaches designed to improve the reading fluency of 2nd-grade children. The first approach was based on Stahl and Heubach’s (2005) fluency-oriented reading instruction (FORI) and involved the scaffolded, repeated reading of grade-level texts over the course of each week. The second was a wide-reading approach that also involved scaffolded instruction, but that incorporated the reading of 3 different grade-level texts each week and provided significantly less opportunity for repetition. By the end of the school year, FORI and wide-reading approaches showed similar benefits for standardized measures of …

Limbic Hyperactivation During Processing Of Neutral Facial Expressions In Children With Bipolar Disorder, Brendan A. Rich, Deborah T. Vinton, Roxann Roberson-Nay, Rebecca E. Hommer, Lisa H. Berghorst, Erin B. Mcclure, Stephen J. Fromm, Daniel S. Pine, Ellen Leibenluft

Chemistry Faculty Publications

A major paradigm shift in mental health has led to the ascendance of the view that chronic psychopathology results from perturbed neural development. While most work in this area examines schizophrenia, the current report extends the paradigm to bipolar disorder (BD) in youth, thus demonstrating traction (not sure I understand what you mean here) in the developmental-psychobiology perspective. To study the role of amygdala dysfunction, we examined the neural mechanisms mediating face processing in 22 youth (mean age 14.21 + 3.11 years) with BD and 21 controls of comparable age, gender, and IQ. Event-related fMRI compared neural activation when attention …