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Maternal-Child Cortisol Attunement Differs In Preschoolers With Autism, Fragile X Syndrome, And Neurotypical Development, Rachel Hantman
Maternal-Child Cortisol Attunement Differs In Preschoolers With Autism, Fragile X Syndrome, And Neurotypical Development, Rachel Hantman
Theses and Dissertations
Early maternal-child attunement sets a critical foundation for later social development. While maternal and child cortisol attunement in neurotypical (NT) development has been clearly established, little research has examined these relations in neurodevelopmental populations, such as those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). Given their elevated-risk for disrupted maternal-child attunement and given elevated stress and dysregulated cortisol patterns in both children with ASD and FXS and their parents independently, this is a critical gap. This study addressed this gap in the literature by examining early maternal-child cortisol attunement in 97 mother-child dyads (nNT = …
The Importance Of Sense Of Community In Recovery For Individuals Living With Serious Mental Illness, Natalia Gomez
The Importance Of Sense Of Community In Recovery For Individuals Living With Serious Mental Illness, Natalia Gomez
Theses and Dissertations
People with serious mental illness face a variety of barriers to participating in community life. Some of these barriers include limits in social functioning which can then affect social relationships and life satisfaction (Sanchez et al, 2016). Devaluation based on mental health status is an important barrier to address due to its connection to stigma and relationships. The more an individual fears that they will be undervalued and discriminated against, the more they may fear interacting with others. They may hide that they are in mental health treatment or avoid social encounters that they consider as possibly rejecting. These behaviors …
Associations Between Infant Vagal Regulation, Early Social Communication, And Socidemographic Risk, Tessa Djiko
Associations Between Infant Vagal Regulation, Early Social Communication, And Socidemographic Risk, Tessa Djiko
Theses and Dissertations
Respiratory sinus arrythmia (RSA), a measure of parasympathetic nervous system activation, has been linked to socioemotional and language development (Porges, 2007; Thayer & Lane, 2000). Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show lower RSA (Patriquin et al., 2011) while both children with ASD and children from lower SES backgrounds show differences in early social-communication development (Jones-Mason et al., 2018). However, little is known about interactions between sociodemographic risk and physiological regulation within the context of ASD and social-communication development. The present study addresses this gap by examining the relationship between RSA (as indexed by RSA suppression and resting-state RSA), …
A Social Ecology Model For Social Determinants Of Health As Psychosis Risk Factors, Katie Beck-Felts
A Social Ecology Model For Social Determinants Of Health As Psychosis Risk Factors, Katie Beck-Felts
Theses and Dissertations
Social determinants of health (SDOHs) significantly impact psychosis risk beyond heritability. However, there is a need for an organizing framework to observe how these diverse elements concurrently predict psychosis risk. This study examines SDOHs as psychosis risk factors using a four-level model, aligned with Bronfenbrenner's social ecology theory. The study aims to assess the proposed model’s ability to predict psychosis risk. Specifically, it is hypothesized that each socioecological level of the model would predict psychosis risk with more proximal SDOHs (e.g., individual level vs community) exhibiting stronger predictive power, aligning with Social Ecology theory. College students (N = 210) completed …
The Impact Of Discharge Type On Military To Civilian Reintegration: Conformity To Masculinity As A Moderating Factor, Kirsten Thiemke
The Impact Of Discharge Type On Military To Civilian Reintegration: Conformity To Masculinity As A Moderating Factor, Kirsten Thiemke
Theses and Dissertations
Literature has shown that reintegrating back into civilian life and mentality has proven to be one of the most difficult aspects of transitioning from military service. Based on aspects such as qualifications for benefits, perceived stigma, and amount of community support, discharge status at the time of separation has been shown to have an impact on how separated service members reintegrate. Additionally, rigid adherence to the hypermasculine environment of the United States military could serve to further complicate reintegration for service members. The current study evaluates the relationship between discharge status and military to civilian reintegration, with adherence to traditional …
Pemātesen Atāēqnōhkakan: A Divergent Subset Of The Life Is Sacred Project, Rachel Skarsten
Pemātesen Atāēqnōhkakan: A Divergent Subset Of The Life Is Sacred Project, Rachel Skarsten
Theses and Dissertations
Murder-suicide constitutes a particularly tragic form of violence that has a powerful effect on communities. However, it remains severely understudied. No research to date has examined the incidence of death by murder-suicide events within American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) communities, despite AI/AN persons being at a disproportionately high risk for suicide and other forms of violence such as stalking, trafficking, physical violence and psychological aggression by intimate partners, and sexual violence. This project represents a subset of a larger Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin (MITW)/University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (UWM) partnership to address suicide mitigation within the Menominee tribal community. This project’s purpose …
Pemātesen Atāēqnōhkakan: A Three-Year Subset Of The Life Is Sacred Project, Tory Skye Mertz
Pemātesen Atāēqnōhkakan: A Three-Year Subset Of The Life Is Sacred Project, Tory Skye Mertz
Theses and Dissertations
The science of suicidology is in its infancy empirically. While some critical risk and protective factors have been identified (Nock et al., 2020 ), the field struggles for a coherent approach to conceptualizing, evaluating, and intervening with those who present with risk for death by suicide, as death rates climb in the United States. Suicide (completion) Rates among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons are currently the highest, and disproportionately impact tribal communities and AI/AN populated urban area at an alarming rate that should call the attention of all healthcare professionals and researchers. (CDC, 2023). Presently, mainstream approaches and …
Culturally-Specific Risk And Resilience Factors That Moderate The Relationship Between Reproductive Coercion And Adverse Health Outcomes Among Latinx Individuals, Emily Munoz
Theses and Dissertations
Reproductive coercion (e.g., one partner controlling the reproductive decision making of the other) is a serious public health problem that is associated with a number of adverse health outcomes. Reproductive coercion has been shown to disproportionately affect Latinx people who can become pregnant; however, little is known about the cultural factors, such as familism, ethnic identity pride, social support, and acculturative stress, that may mitigate or exacerbate the risk of experiencing adverse health outcomes associated with reproductive coercion. Thus, using a non-clinical sample (N=160) of Latinx-identifying adults, the current cross-sectional study examined (1) the associations between reproductive coercion and adverse …
Description And Critical Evaluation Of Models Of Psychology Practice In The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Kathryn A. Balistreri
Description And Critical Evaluation Of Models Of Psychology Practice In The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Kathryn A. Balistreri
Theses and Dissertations
During and after hospitalization in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), a significant proportion of patients and their family members experience clinical levels of distress (i.e., traumatic stress, anxiety, and depression). Pediatric psychologists are well-suited to support families during hospitalization and are increasingly present in PICUs. Models of psychology practice have been explored in other pediatric settings, but a comprehensive assessment of models of psychology practice in the PICU has not been conducted. The present study aimed to evaluate current models of psychology practice in PICUs and explore psychologists’ perceptions of the ideal model of care for PICU families. Fourteen …
Associations Between Coping Style And Perceptions Of Web-Delivered Physical Activity Messages Among Women In Midlife With Cardiovascular Health Risks, Kristen Pasko
Theses and Dissertations
Midlife women are at unique risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and benefit from increasing physical activity (PA). Many PA interventions involve social support, though fail to address related processes such as social comparison. Desire for specific types of social support and comparison may represent emotion-focused versus problem-solving coping, though little is known about women’s preferences for/responses to these coping opportunities. The present study examined women’s selections of PA content in a digital environment. Over 7 days, women in midlife ≥1 CVD risk factor (N = 60, MAge = 50.70, SD = 5.89) wore a PA monitor and visited a proprietary …
Investigating The Role Of Betrayal Blindness Between High Betrayal Trauma And Dating Violence Among Young Mothers Maltreated As Children, Lauren Catherine Wallace
Investigating The Role Of Betrayal Blindness Between High Betrayal Trauma And Dating Violence Among Young Mothers Maltreated As Children, Lauren Catherine Wallace
Theses and Dissertations
Young mothers experience greater rates of dating violence (DV) victimization and perpetration compared to their non-parenting, female peers as well as older mothers (Joly & Connolly, 2016). Child maltreatment is a salient predictor of DV victimization and perpetration (Li et al., 2019; Murphy et al., 2020). According to Betrayal Trauma Theory (BTT), child maltreatment perpetrated by a close loved one, such as a parent or primary caregiver, is defined as a high betrayal trauma (Freyd, 1996). Young mothers who experienced a high betrayal trauma may endorse betrayal blindness as a way to cope with abuse from their caregiver (Freyd & …
Students Speak: A Qualitative Examination Of The Intersection Of Identity And Sexual Violence In A University Setting, Danika M. Charles
Students Speak: A Qualitative Examination Of The Intersection Of Identity And Sexual Violence In A University Setting, Danika M. Charles
Theses and Dissertations
Sexual violence remains a public health concern in the United States. Much of the research has focused on gender-binary individuals, despite the heightened vulnerability of Black, transgender, and nonbinary (BTN) individuals due to societal stigma and discrimination. Campus climate surveys have been recommended by the Obama Administration to address sexual violence, though they often underrepresent BTN students, failing to capture their unique experiences. This study aims to bridge this gap by focusing on the intersection of gender and racial identities, using an intersectional stigma framework to explore the prevalence and impact of sexual violence on BTN students and advocate for …
Experiences Of Ambivalent Sexism And Applicant Behaviors: The Interplay Of Affective Reactions, Lauren Marie Soda
Experiences Of Ambivalent Sexism And Applicant Behaviors: The Interplay Of Affective Reactions, Lauren Marie Soda
Theses and Dissertations
This study focused on ambivalent sexism, which can have detrimental effects for organizations, consisting of two factors: benevolent and hostile sexism. Benevolent sexism is the subtler of the two, oftentimes creating a sense of inferiority and increased anxiety for those experiencing it. Hostile sexism, on the other hand, is often more overt and instills a sense of anger from the target. There appears to be little research looking at experiences of ambivalent sexism in work settings and the affective reactions to those events (i.e., anger and anxiety). I believed that when people experience hostile sexism will feel angry and associate …
Temporal Dynamics Of Shared Leadership Emergence: An Adaptive Leadership Perspective, Erica Medrano
Temporal Dynamics Of Shared Leadership Emergence: An Adaptive Leadership Perspective, Erica Medrano
Theses and Dissertations
Researchers have identified shared leadership as a valuable team phenomenon due to its link to increased team performance and suitability for the increasingly interdependent and complex work context. Yet, little effort has been invested into discovering how the process unfolds over time. Thus, the proposed study aims to clarify the temporal process of shared leadership by a) confirming that leadership decentralization precedes leadership density, b) identifying the conditions which promote the development of shared leadership, and c) exploring the conditions under which leadership decentralization leads to leadership density. Specifically, I utilize data from an online survey and a 3-hour ecologically …
The Influence Of Unhelpful Supervisor Support On Employee Burnout Across Cultures, Charles Blomstrom-Johnson
The Influence Of Unhelpful Supervisor Support On Employee Burnout Across Cultures, Charles Blomstrom-Johnson
Theses and Dissertations
Organizations continue to become increasingly interconnected globally, yet often fail to consider the cultural context of policies. Such failures to account for cultural differences may add to workplace stressors for employees, leading to an increased risk of burnout. Supervisors may attempt to buffer against burnout by providing social support to their employees. However, if the support given by supervisors is considered by the recipient to be unhelpful, these buffering effects may be reversed. Examining samples from the United States and Japan, this study hypothesized that unhelpful supervisor support and burnout would relate significantly to one another, and that culturally based …
Understanding The Relationship Between Perceived Childhood Experiences And Relationship With God, Remaz Bahaa
Understanding The Relationship Between Perceived Childhood Experiences And Relationship With God, Remaz Bahaa
Theses and Dissertations
The present study explores the relationship between perceived childhood experiences and one’s current relationship with God in an Egyptian Muslim sample. While such relationship has been researched in Western contexts, there is a notable gap in understanding these dynamics within Muslim Middle Eastern cultures. In this study, 180 participants, brought up in Muslim households, were given the following questionnaires: both versions of the Parental Acceptance Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ) referring to the father and mother, Attachment to God Inventory (AGI), and Images of God (LAMBI Scale). The results presented the internal consistency of both the AGI and LAMBI scales with the …
The Psychological Significance Of Cultural And Religious Values Among The Arab Population, Michel Sherif Mikhail
The Psychological Significance Of Cultural And Religious Values Among The Arab Population, Michel Sherif Mikhail
Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: Values, which are the guiding principles and beliefs of our lives, have an influence over one’s psychological health. This study aims to investigate how Schwartz’s four higher-order values (conservation, openness to change, self-transcendence, and self-enhancement) and religious values influence psychological health among the Arab population. Methods: A total of 1,023 respondent from nine Arab countries aged 18 to 71 filled an online survey with measures of the following constructs: Schwartz’s four higher-order values (Portrait Value Questionnaire-21), religious values (Sahin’s Index of Islamic Moral Values), and general psychological health (General Health Questionnaire-28). Results: Two models of multiple regression were …
Repetitive Thinking, Social Connectedness, And Distressing Sexual Experiences In Autistic And Non-Autistic Students: Examining Social-Cognitive Risk Factors And Mental Health During The College Transition, Erin Elizabeth Mckenney
Repetitive Thinking, Social Connectedness, And Distressing Sexual Experiences In Autistic And Non-Autistic Students: Examining Social-Cognitive Risk Factors And Mental Health During The College Transition, Erin Elizabeth Mckenney
Theses and Dissertations
The prevention and treatment of mental health concerns are consistently named among autistic adults’ highest clinical and research priorities. While several theories have been proposed to explain the high prevalence of depression and anxiety in autistic populations, virtually no longitudinal research has evaluated causal mechanisms. The first study in this dissertation aims to explore how known contributors to depression and anxiety identified by general population research – namely, rumination, dissatisfaction with social connectedness, and distressing sexual experiences – relate to the development of internalizing symptoms in autistic individuals during the transition to college. The second study explores potential contributors to …
Stress And Coping Mechanisms Of Non-Traditional International Doctoral Students, Ndidi Patience Iwuagwu
Stress And Coping Mechanisms Of Non-Traditional International Doctoral Students, Ndidi Patience Iwuagwu
Theses and Dissertations
Higher education institutions are battling with the shrinking enrollment rate of students and the various college alternatives (Drozdowski, 2022); however, it has been evidenced in the literature that these issues can be augmented with international student enrollments and adult learners (Donaldson, 2022). Pursuing a doctoral degree is a tedious move (Devonport & Lane, 2014), and leaving one’s comfort zone to study in a different land for non-traditional international students can be exhausting due to the responsibilities at hand. Thus, this qualitative study examines the stressors experienced by non-traditional international doctoral students, the coping mechanisms utilized in the cause of these …
Hospital Provider Knowledge Of Behavioral Function And Management Of Severe Behavior For Patients With Autism, Giovanna Salvatore Devito
Hospital Provider Knowledge Of Behavioral Function And Management Of Severe Behavior For Patients With Autism, Giovanna Salvatore Devito
Theses and Dissertations
Hospital patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may engage in various topographies of severe behavior, with higher rates of restraint implemented than for their neurotypical counterparts. Qualitative research suggests that physician knowledge of function-based intervention is limited. Multidisciplinary behavior management teams were developed to decrease restraint across general hospital patients. In Study 1, the research team developed the Knowledge of Behavioral Function (KoBF) survey measure, using an iterative user-centered development process and administered the measure to multidisciplinary physicians and trainees. Results indicated low knowledge of behavioral function, with a mean percent correct of 66.60% on close-ended survey items and 14% …
Conceptual Representation And Schemas: Perceived Gender Differences Among Kinds And Shared Properties, Kathryn G. Johnson
Conceptual Representation And Schemas: Perceived Gender Differences Among Kinds And Shared Properties, Kathryn G. Johnson
Theses and Dissertations
Schemas are modes of categorization containing associations between kinds and their related properties. Research suggests sex-linked properties possess principled differences between the sexes. The present study’s results suggest that non-sex-linked properties also possess principled differences, which were more prevalent among properties with principled rather than causal connections to a kind.
Rgb Root Matriz Color Dance, Danielle E. Gauthier
Rgb Root Matriz Color Dance, Danielle E. Gauthier
Theses and Dissertations
RGB Root Matriz Color Dance (Color Dance) is an immersive, interactive experience that combines poetic phrases and color filters to create a womb-like environment. Designed by Danielle Gauthier, this artistic piece uses a webcam to respond to users’ movements in real time, allowing them to confront and express their emotions through metaphor and dance. Color Dance creates a unique platform for self-discovery and empowerment by fostering a connection between the body and discomforting emotions.
Rehearsing Attention: Contemporary Dance As A Practice Of Sustained Focus, Eve J. Jacobs
Rehearsing Attention: Contemporary Dance As A Practice Of Sustained Focus, Eve J. Jacobs
Theses and Dissertations
This paper contextualizes the influences, details the creative process, and reflects on the relevance of choreographer Eve Jacobs' artistic research for her MFA thesis, "Four Statements on Attention." She draws upon the legacies of choreographers Merce Cunningham and Anna Halprin; publications by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Johann Hari, Jenny Odell, and others; and resources from the activist coalition Friends of Attention to articulate how her dance practice continues to shape her capacity for sustained attention in an age of distraction.
Implementing The Reconsolidation Paradigm In Treating Misophonia, Angel Prats
Implementing The Reconsolidation Paradigm In Treating Misophonia, Angel Prats
Theses and Dissertations
Misophonic patients experience extreme sense of disgust when exposed to acoustic and/or visual triggers. In this longitudinal study, the reconsolidation paradigm was applied to treat 25 patients during a month. The findings reveal that reminders in a control setting did not improve maladaptive memories, but counterconditioning update ameliorated symptoms.
Assessing The Link Between Stress, Anxiety, And Depression In College Students And Their Academic Major, Intersectionality, Support, And Demographics, Joisy A. Santa
Theses and Dissertations
The present study examined the relationship between academic major, intersectionality, support, and housing as predictors of stress, anxiety, and depression in college students. The subject population was Hunter College students. Results indicated differential effects of the predictor variables as a function of students’ financial situation, gender, race, and peer support.
Exploring The Role Of English Only Early Childhood Education Participation For Spanish Speaking Multilingual Learners’ Long-Term Academic Outcomes, Jennifer Moore Vice-Reshel
Exploring The Role Of English Only Early Childhood Education Participation For Spanish Speaking Multilingual Learners’ Long-Term Academic Outcomes, Jennifer Moore Vice-Reshel
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to investigate Spanish-speaking multilingual learner (MLL) students’ long-term academic outcomes after participation in an early childhood education (ECE) program with English instruction. The study included 359 Spanish-speaking MLLs who qualified for Free and Reduced Lunch from Grade 1 to Grade 6. Participants entered a large suburban public school district in the Midwest in Kindergarten in the 2014-2015, 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 school years. In this study, 186 MLLs participated in an English Only Early Childhood Education (EO ECE) program and 173 MLLs did not participate in an EO ECE (No-EO ECE) program housed within the …
Optimizing Collaboration: A Qualitative Analysis Of Bone Marrow Transplant Provider Perceptions Of Palliative Care Roles, Madeline Johnson
Optimizing Collaboration: A Qualitative Analysis Of Bone Marrow Transplant Provider Perceptions Of Palliative Care Roles, Madeline Johnson
Theses and Dissertations
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT), also referred to as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HPSCT), is a medical procedure utilized to treat a range of malignant and non-malignant diseases including leukemias, lymphomas, aplastic anemia, immune deficiency disorders, solid tumor cancers, and more (Champlin, 1990; Bone Marrow Transplantation, 2021; Franjul Sanchez et al., 2020). BMT patients typically experience symptoms associated with induction or condition regiments that are especially burdensome, including but not limited to pain, mucositosis, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, psychological, spiritual, and emotional concerns that may not be thoroughly addressed through their primary oncology and BMT teams alone (Ruiz et al., 2017). …
Comparison Of Previously Established Risk Factors In Predicting Ptsd Symptom Severity In The First Six Months Post-Trauma, Sebastiane Chen
Comparison Of Previously Established Risk Factors In Predicting Ptsd Symptom Severity In The First Six Months Post-Trauma, Sebastiane Chen
Theses and Dissertations
This study aims to improve our understanding of the predictive value of previously identified risk factors for the severity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms after a traumatic event. We recruited 178 participants from an Emergency Department and assessed four constructs previously associated with PTSD in the first few weeks after trauma and their relationship to PTSD symptom severity at six-month follow-up. Using structural equation modeling we examined four latent variables as predictors of PTSD symptom severity, cognitive attributions, trauma history, emotion response and regulation, and socioeconomic factors, along with two mediators, sleep quality and self-perceived pain. Our findings indicate …
Trajectories Of Depression Severity In The First Semester Of College, Nicole A. Kelso
Trajectories Of Depression Severity In The First Semester Of College, Nicole A. Kelso
Theses and Dissertations
Depression is a major public health concern among students in higher education. Prior work suggests that depressive symptoms increase during the transition to college. Transfer students face unique challenges during the transition to a new academic institution that may make them particularly vulnerable. There is a critical need to expand prevention efforts. Research that improves identification of students at greatest risk for developing impairing depressive symptoms, and etiological processes contributing to depressive symptoms could aid in the provision of limited prevention resources. Furthermore, longitudinal research tracking symptom trajectories during the transition to college could help inform the timing of preventive …
Friendly, But Not Friends: Forensics Competitors' Relational Framing Of Compliments From Opponents, Benjamin Lee Davis
Friendly, But Not Friends: Forensics Competitors' Relational Framing Of Compliments From Opponents, Benjamin Lee Davis
Theses and Dissertations
Prior research highlights the social benefits competitors gain from participation in intercollegiate forensics. Although competitors often interact with members of opposing teams, however, little empirical research exists explaining how competitor interactions unfold and how the outcomes of these exchanges contribute to the larger social environment between competitors in the intercollegiate forensics community. Using a framework informed by relational framing theory (RFT; Dillard et al., 1996) and relational turbulence theory (Solomon et al., 2016), this study explores how competitors make sense of compliments from their opponents. Collegiate forensics competitors (N = 121) were recruited to participate in an online survey and …