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Effect Of Presentation By Ear On Word Recognition Of Aphasic Patients In A Delayed Matching Task, David D. Peterson

Psychology ETDs

The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the effects of two primary conditions, presentation by ear and intratrial delay, on word recognition of subjects with receptive aphasia. The first condition consisted of words presented monaurally to the right and left ears, and binaurally. The second condition consisted of several values of delay inserted between the test word and visual choices. The effects of these variables were determined under noun and verb stimulus conditions. Results indicated that subjects with posterior brain-damage showed a monaural ear asymmetry with the right ear resulting in less accurate word recognition. Both ears combined gave …

The Verbal Learning Effect In Recognition And Recall Memory For Verbal Stimuli, E. Chandler Shumate

Psychology ETDs

Three experiments were conducted to test the effects of associative training with representative and nonrepresentative responses upon stimulus recognition and, more importantly, stimulus recall. In Exp. I, is were required to learn, in six study-test trials, one of two P A lists composed of twelve stimulus items (trigram doublets) either high or low in meaningfulness (M). Half the stimuli in each list were paired with representative responses, the other half were paired with nonrepresentative responses. The results, obtained from a two-item, forced-choice recognition test, showed that performance was positively related to stimulus M, and the facilitating effect of associative training …

The Relationship Between Mean Magnitude Of Reward And Partial, Varied, And Continuous Schedules Of Reinforcement, James E. Schroeder

Psychology ETDs

A model was described that combines Grice's variable threshold model for reaction time and Logan's incentive theory for response speed in instrumental conditioning in an attempt to account for the relative performance of rats receiving continuous (CRF), varied (VRF), or partial (PRF) reinforcement. The essence of the model is that incentive motivation depends on the mean amount of reward previously received, as well as upon the S's distance from the goal, that incentive motivation can be interpreted as affecting the mean threshold for responding, and that the greater the variability in reward the greater the variability in the threshold.

This …

Dimensional Preference Effects In Recall Memory, C. Jean Rogers

Psychology ETDs

Dimensional preference in six-year-olds was investigated by the use of a series of recall memory tasks in which the amount of information available in the stimuli and the nature of the feedback provided were systematically varied. The results suggested that low preference does not necessarily imply that the dimension will fail to be processed nor does it appear that the presence of a more preferred dimension prevents processing of a less preferred dimension. Rather, the results indicated that processing and recall of the various dimensions of a stimulus were a function of dimension preference, amount of information available in the …

Cue Relevance As A Continuum, David A. Governski

Psychology ETDs

The primary purpose of this experiment was to demonstrate how different percentages of reinforcement can result in differential amounts of stimulus control. The initial conditions were designed to see if organisms could distinguish between different reinforcement percentages of different stimuli, even though these stimuli always appeared in compound and never in isolation. In Condition I, four stimuli were used with the following absolute reinforcement percentages: 75, 75, 50, and 0, corresponding to three different tones and a light. Results showed that the light had become a conditioned inhibitor but that no difference in stimulus control was obtained between the 75% …

Differential Conditioning And Stimulus Intensity, Bruce A. Kushner

Psychology ETDs

The present experiments sought to investigate the effects of intensity of the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) on differential conditioning. The first experiment was an attempt to replicate the Spence, Haggard, and Ross (1958b) study in which one group of subjects (Ss) received, on a random half of the trials, a light conditioned stimulus (CS) paired with a high intensity UCS, while on the other half of the trials, a tone CS was paired with a weak UCS. Another group received the reverse pairing arrangements. Spence, Haggard, and Ross found higher levels of conditioning exhibited by the CSs paired with the higher …