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The Ibadan Conference And Beyond, Harry C. Triandis
The Ibadan Conference And Beyond, Harry C. Triandis
Online Readings in Psychology and Culture
No abstract provided.
The Directories Of Cross-Cultural Psychology (1968-1970): Building A Network, John W. Berry
The Directories Of Cross-Cultural Psychology (1968-1970): Building A Network, John W. Berry
Online Readings in Psychology and Culture
No abstract provided.
The 1971 Istanbul Conference: First Face-To-Face Meeting Of Many Cross-Cultural Psychologists, Pieter J. D. Drenth
The 1971 Istanbul Conference: First Face-To-Face Meeting Of Many Cross-Cultural Psychologists, Pieter J. D. Drenth
Online Readings in Psychology and Culture
No abstract provided.
Environmental Fit: A Model For Assessing And Treating Problem Behavior Associated With Curricular Difficulties In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Audrey Blakeley-Smith, Edward G. Carr, Sanja I. Cale, Jamie S. Owen-Deschryver
Environmental Fit: A Model For Assessing And Treating Problem Behavior Associated With Curricular Difficulties In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Audrey Blakeley-Smith, Edward G. Carr, Sanja I. Cale, Jamie S. Owen-Deschryver
Peer Reviewed Articles
Theoretical considerations suggest that problem behavior should increase when a child’s competency does not match the curricular demands of the environment (i.e., when there is poor environmental fit). In the present study, environmental fit was examined for six children with autism spectrum disorders. Results indicated that the children exhibited high rates of problem behavior associated with poor motor or academic competency. Curricular modifications resulted in (a) a decrease in the level of problem behavior, (b) an increase in the percentage of task steps completed correctly, and (c) improved affect. Adults who worked with the children reported ease of intervention techniques. …
Out Of The Lab And Into The World: How One Psychologist Became Cross-Cultural, Marshall H. Segall
Out Of The Lab And Into The World: How One Psychologist Became Cross-Cultural, Marshall H. Segall
Online Readings in Psychology and Culture
No abstract provided.
The Climate For And Status Of Cross-Cultural Psychology In The 1960s, Gustav Jahoda
The Climate For And Status Of Cross-Cultural Psychology In The 1960s, Gustav Jahoda
Online Readings in Psychology and Culture
No abstract provided.
Catalogue Of Acculturation Constructs: Descriptions Of 126 Taxonomies, 1918-2003, Floyd W. Rudmin
Catalogue Of Acculturation Constructs: Descriptions Of 126 Taxonomies, 1918-2003, Floyd W. Rudmin
Online Readings in Psychology and Culture
Acculturation refers to the processes by which individuals, families, communities, and societies react to inter-cultural contact. Advances in communication and transportation technologies, and increasing migration pressures due to demographic, economic, environmental, human rights, and security disparities, make acculturation one of the most important topics for applied research in cross-cultural psychology. However, progress in acculturation research has been frustrated by our inabilities to pit theories against each other in meaningful ways, to summarize results by meta-analytic methods, or to improve constructs and scales all because we have been unaware of the interdisciplinary breadth of acculturation research and its historical depth. This …
Perceived Danger And Judged Likelihood Of Restoration, Thomas R. Herzog, Ashley E. Rector
Perceived Danger And Judged Likelihood Of Restoration, Thomas R. Herzog, Ashley E. Rector
Peer Reviewed Articles
The authors investigated the impact of perceived danger on judged likelihood of restoration. Participants imagined that they were in a state of directed attention fatigue and then that they were taking a walk in a potentially restorative setting. The authors varied two properties of the setting in a factorial design. The setting was either a nature trail or a busy urban street, and it contained either no obvious source of danger or an ominous stalker. Measures of perceived danger and of judged likelihood of restoration were obtained. For both types of measures, in the low-danger condition the two setting categories …
Differential Effects Of A Tier Two Behavior Intervention Based On Function Of Problem Behavior, Kent Mcintosh, Amy L. Campbell, Deborah R. Carter, Celeste R. Dickey
Differential Effects Of A Tier Two Behavior Intervention Based On Function Of Problem Behavior, Kent Mcintosh, Amy L. Campbell, Deborah R. Carter, Celeste R. Dickey
Peer Reviewed Articles
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a tier two daily behavior card intervention and differential effects based on function of problem behavior. The participants were 36 elementary school students nominated for additional intervention beyond universal School-Wide Positive Behavior Support. Measures included standardized behavior rating scales and rate of office discipline referrals before and after 8 weeks of intervention. A multivariate analysis of variance was used, and results showed statistically significant differences in response to intervention based on teacher-identified function of problem behavior. Results are discussed in terms of considering function of behavior in selecting tier …
Context-Based Assessment And Intervention For Problem Behavior In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Sanja I. Cale, Edward G. Carr, Audrey Blakeley-Smith, Jamie S. Owen-Deschryver
Context-Based Assessment And Intervention For Problem Behavior In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Sanja I. Cale, Edward G. Carr, Audrey Blakeley-Smith, Jamie S. Owen-Deschryver
Peer Reviewed Articles
The present study used a context-based model of assessment and intervention to explore whether interventions that modify context result in reduction of problem behavior in ecologically valid settings (i.e., typical routines implemented by typical education personnel in neighborhood schools). The Contextual Assessment Inventory (CAI) and a post-assessment interview were administered to parents and teachers of eight children with Autism Spectrum Disorder to identify problem contexts. Then, environmental modification techniques were implemented in three priority contexts: namely, transitions, termination of preferred activities, and presence of a feared stimulus. Our results demonstrated an almost complete elimination of problem behavior in the priority …
Individual And Group Performance On Insight Problems: The Effects Of Experimentally Induced Fixation, Christine M. Smith, Emily Bushouse, Jennifer Lord
Individual And Group Performance On Insight Problems: The Effects Of Experimentally Induced Fixation, Christine M. Smith, Emily Bushouse, Jennifer Lord
Peer Reviewed Articles
Recent research has shown that the benefits associated with incubation periods during individual problem solving can be explained in terms of forgetting the material or of any strategy that serves to block progress toward success (e.g., Smith & Blankenship, 1991). While interacting groups reliably outperform individuals on both problem-solving and recall tasks, groups’ superior memory capacity may serve to hinder problem solving, especially when fixation has occurred. In the present study, individuals and three-person groups attempted to solve a set of 20 rebus puzzles on two different occasions. In the first session rebuses were accompanied by “clues,” that were designed …
Strategies Of Friendship Maintenance In Mexico: Gender Differences, Claudia López Becerra, Isabel Reyes Lagunes, Sofia Rivera Aragón
Strategies Of Friendship Maintenance In Mexico: Gender Differences, Claudia López Becerra, Isabel Reyes Lagunes, Sofia Rivera Aragón
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
Friendship development refers to the course that people follow since they know each other until they may stop being close friends any more. In this process, the actions making the progress of the relationship possible should be considered, as well as what attracts one person to another and the actions that maintain and deepen the relationship. Blieszner & Adams (1992) agree that friendship develops from knowing each other to obtaining emotional closeness; they define phases that describe changes in friendship. They also agree that those phases do not follow a predetermined sequence, for some friendships become quite close and some …
Are Attitudes Of Young Portuguese Towards Immigration Also Hardening? A Comparison Between 1999 And 2006, Félix Neto
Are Attitudes Of Young Portuguese Towards Immigration Also Hardening? A Comparison Between 1999 And 2006, Félix Neto
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
The host majority has an important impact on how immigrants adapt to their new land. The focus of the present chapter1 is to understand attitudes of Portuguese young people towards immigration. To achieve this aim, a pilot study was conducted with the ISATIS (International Study of Attitudes Towards Immigration and Settlement) instrument. The sample consisted of 477 Portuguese youngsters attending courses in high school, interviewed in 1999 and in 2006. All participants were of Portuguese origin and 94% were born in Portugal. Their age ranged between 16 and 20 years. An examination of acculturation expectations towards immigration showed that Integration …
Dimensions Of Social Axioms And Alternative Country-Clustering Methods, Aikaterini Gari, Kostas Mylonas, Penny Panagiotopoulou
Dimensions Of Social Axioms And Alternative Country-Clustering Methods, Aikaterini Gari, Kostas Mylonas, Penny Panagiotopoulou
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
Social Axioms are defined as general beliefs that represent one’s view about how the world functions and how two entities are related “in the universe”. The Social Axiom dimensions as proposed by Leung & Bond are Social Cynicism, Social Complexity, Reward for Application, Fate Control, and Religiosity. The first aim of this study was to investigate how the Social Axiom dimensions are identified in Greece and in five more countries (N=1,375) that differ broadly in their ecological and religion characteristics (Hong-Kong, USA, UK, Spain, and India). The second aim was to enhance factor equivalence levels by forming homogeneous subsets of …
Relating Self-Complexity To Coping And Adaptation With Chinese College Students: A New Measurement Perspective, Wenshu Luo, David Watkins
Relating Self-Complexity To Coping And Adaptation With Chinese College Students: A New Measurement Perspective, Wenshu Luo, David Watkins
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
Research into self-complexity has been hampered by problems with its measurement. The present study was designed to test the generality of Western findings about self-complexity and improve the measurement and our understanding of this construct by examining the relationships of four measures of self-complexity to coping and psychological adaptation with 347 Chinese college students. A new measure, the Self-Complexity Task was developed to obtain the number of self-aspects and the average distinction among self-aspects separately, and was employed in parallel to Linville’s H measure as the overlap among self-aspects in terms of their descriptive traits. As found in Western cultures, …
Acquiescence And Extremity In Cross-National Surveys: Domain Dependence And Country-Level Correlates, Tobias K. Van Dijk, Femke Datema, Stephanie C. M. Welten, Fons J. R. Van De Vijver
Acquiescence And Extremity In Cross-National Surveys: Domain Dependence And Country-Level Correlates, Tobias K. Van Dijk, Femke Datema, Stephanie C. M. Welten, Fons J. R. Van De Vijver
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
Likert-type rating scales are susceptible to response styles, such as acquiescence and extremity scoring. Although it is widely acknowledged that response styles can seriously invalidate findings of cross-cultural research, their theoretical underpinnings are hardly explored. The current study analyzed domain-dependency and country differences in acquiescence and extremity scoring in a large dataset of the International Social Survey Program. The hypothesis that response styles are more likely in domains with a high personal relevance compared to domains with a low personal relevance was tentatively confirmed. Correlations with various cultural, psychological, and economic variables were investigated. We found that acquiescence was negatively …
Introduction And Overview, Aikaterini Gari, Kostas Mylonas
Introduction And Overview, Aikaterini Gari, Kostas Mylonas
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
No abstract provided.
Inside Of Front Cover, Aikaterini Gari, Kostas Mylonas
Inside Of Front Cover, Aikaterini Gari, Kostas Mylonas
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
No abstract provided.
Geocentric Gestures As A Research Tool, Pierre R. Dasen, Nilima Changkakoti, Milena Abbiati, Shanta Niraula, Ramesh C. Mishra, Harold Foy
Geocentric Gestures As A Research Tool, Pierre R. Dasen, Nilima Changkakoti, Milena Abbiati, Shanta Niraula, Ramesh C. Mishra, Harold Foy
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
This study1 is part of a large-scale cross-cultural research project on the development of spatial language and cognition, in India, Indonesia and Nepal, that focuses on a culturally particular way of organizing small-scale, table space, using a large-scale geocentric spatial orientation system (Dasen & Mishra, in preparation). One of the main questions is at what age this geocentric frame of reference starts to be effective. The study of language development does not provide a clear answer, because young children (ages 4 to 7) use ambiguous “deictic” descriptions, i.e., they just say “this way” accompanied by a gesture. Can these gestures …
Beyond Indigenization: International Dissemination Of Research By Majority-World Psychologists, John G. Adair, Yoshi Kashima, Maria Regina Maluf, Janak Pandey
Beyond Indigenization: International Dissemination Of Research By Majority-World Psychologists, John G. Adair, Yoshi Kashima, Maria Regina Maluf, Janak Pandey
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
Analyses of the affiliations of authors of articles published in targeted samples of North American and international journals revealed trends toward increasing international publication by psychologists from countries outside the U.S., i.e., from countries in the rest of the world (ROW). Relatively few of these ROW publications came from psychologists from developing countries. Because developing countries are most numerous and represent the majority of the people in the world, their contribution to the world of psychology is important. Following a summary presentation of data for each journal for psychologists from East Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and South Asia …
Effects Of Reading Direction On Visuospatial Organization: A Critical Review, Sylvie Chokron, Seta Kazandjian, Maria De Agostini
Effects Of Reading Direction On Visuospatial Organization: A Critical Review, Sylvie Chokron, Seta Kazandjian, Maria De Agostini
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
Over the past decades, a growing literature on perceptual bias has investigated the factors that determine normal performance in simple visuospatial tasks, such as line bisection and aesthetic preference. Normal right-handed participants may exhibit spatial asymmetries in these tasks with a tendency to bisect to the left of the objective middle in line bisection and a preference for images with the center of interest in their right half in aesthetic preference tasks. These patterns of performance have mostly been attributed to hemispheric imbalance. Other explanations have also been put forth to explain the spatial asymmetries seen in the normal population. …
Developing Social Policy In A Multi-Cultural Setting: The Role Of Applied Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vassos Gavriel
Developing Social Policy In A Multi-Cultural Setting: The Role Of Applied Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vassos Gavriel
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
How should public policies respond to the dynamics of the multicultural setting? This chapter illustrates how cross-cultural psychology was used to provide tangible intellectual support to help develop and frame a policy response in the multicultural setting. Over the past twenty years, New Zealand has changed from a bicultural to multicultural society competing in the global economy. This chapter identifies policy issues and challenges the transition to a diverse, multicultural society has created, the type of response that was developed and its outcome. These are informed by the author’s personal reflections in developing and promoting Ethnic Perspectives in Policy, a …
Early Childhood Services And Supports In The Context Of Cultural Community Psychology, Richard N. Roberts
Early Childhood Services And Supports In The Context Of Cultural Community Psychology, Richard N. Roberts
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
cultural and community aspects of the family’s and child’s experience. Though the effects of each of these variables may be hard to separate, distinct elements of each can be seen in the three examples used to illustrate this point. The common theme of the three case studies demonstrates that neither the community ecology nor cultural archetypes provide sufficiently satisfactory explanations for the everyday behaviors of the family members. Rather, the common denominator involves the context in which community and cultural influences interact to determine the outcome. When the context is one that supports both sets of influences, the families of …
Cultural Conception Of Friendship: What Do Ecuadorians And Poles Expect From A Friend?, Zuzanna Wisniewska, Pawel Boski
Cultural Conception Of Friendship: What Do Ecuadorians And Poles Expect From A Friend?, Zuzanna Wisniewska, Pawel Boski
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
The present study investigates similarities and differences in perception of emotional support and conversational intimacy between friends. Burleson’s (1994) typology of emotional support and analysis of Polish vs. Latin American cultures served as the theoretical framework for this study. Participants (Ecuadorians=87, Poles=60) completed a questionnaire consisting of five episodes-dialogues between two women whose behaviors reflected two variables: (i) Type of emotional support: Low versus High person-centered; and (ii) Success versus Failure story. Both partners, in dyads, where emotional support was high person-centered, enjoyed more positive evaluation than friends in low person-centered support dyads. Poles were more sensitive to how the …
Uncertainty Orientation: A Theory Of Self-Regulation Within And Across Cultures As Related To Cognition, Andrew C. H. Szeto, Richard M. Sorrentino, Satoru Yasunaga, John Nezlek
Uncertainty Orientation: A Theory Of Self-Regulation Within And Across Cultures As Related To Cognition, Andrew C. H. Szeto, Richard M. Sorrentino, Satoru Yasunaga, John Nezlek
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
Erich Fromm once said “the quest for certainty blocks the search for meaning. Uncertainty is the very condition to impel man to unfold his powers.” For some, this quote is unmistakably true, impelling them to great discoveries of nature and the mind. For others, uncertainty is the very essence of confusion and ambiguity, offering nothing more than reason to retreat to more predictable and certain times. In this chapter, we explore the theory of uncertainty orientation as related to cognition and cognitive processes, including research that was conducted in Canada, Japan, and China. First, we discuss the characteristic uncertainty selfregulation …
Subcultural Influences On Self-Attitudes: The Expression Of Low Self-Esteem In Race/Ethnicity-, Age-, Gender-, Social Class-, And Generation-Differentiated Subgroups, Howard B. Kaplan, Rachel E. Kaplan, Diane S. Kaplan
Subcultural Influences On Self-Attitudes: The Expression Of Low Self-Esteem In Race/Ethnicity-, Age-, Gender-, Social Class-, And Generation-Differentiated Subgroups, Howard B. Kaplan, Rachel E. Kaplan, Diane S. Kaplan
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
Self-esteem is conceptualized in terms of self-feelings that are evoked by self-evaluation of self-concept and that motivate self-enhancing or self-protective responses. Since (sub)cultural conventions and the self-esteem motive frequently invalidate self-report measures, it is argued that self-esteem should be measured as the confluence of self-evaluative statements and measures of subjective distress. In support of this, findings are presented from a longitudinal multigeneration study that demonstrate variation in the association between self-evaluative statements and reports of emotional distress between groups differentiated according to race/ethnicity, age, gender, social class, and generation. The results clearly indicate that prevalent self-report measures, whether considering total …
Intergenerational Transmission Of Values In Different Cultural Contexts: A Study In Germany And Indonesia, Isabelle Albert, Gisela Trommsdorff, Lieke Wisnubrata
Intergenerational Transmission Of Values In Different Cultural Contexts: A Study In Germany And Indonesia, Isabelle Albert, Gisela Trommsdorff, Lieke Wisnubrata
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
The aim of this study1 is to investigate cultural similarities and differences in the transmission of general and domain-specific value orientations (individualism/collectivism, and value of children) within German and Indonesian families. Supposing that both cultures differ with respect to developmental pathways of independence and interdependence, we asked if the extent of intergenerational transmission of values within families differs between Germany and Indonesia, and we studied possible cultural differences in intergenerational transmission with respect to different value contents. More precisely, we asked if there is a difference in transmission of values that are highly versus not highly endorsed by the members …
Meaning Constitution Analysis: A Phenomenological Approach To Research In Human Sciences, Roger B. Sages, Jonas Lundsten
Meaning Constitution Analysis: A Phenomenological Approach To Research In Human Sciences, Roger B. Sages, Jonas Lundsten
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
Each and every thought, word, feeling or action of a person harbor a richness of meaning, opening on all the possible worlds accessible for him/her. A vision on those possible worlds, those open possibilities of action, should be of great interest for human science research. We believe that the phenomenological thinking of Edmund Husserl, reworked to adapt to the modern conception of the human sciences, can allow such an understanding of a person or a more or less large group, giving not a static picture of his mind, but a dynamic view of the ongoing process of constitution of meaning. …
Reducing Bias In Cross-Cultural Factor Analysis Through A Statistical Technique For Metric Adjustment: Factor Solutions For Quintets And Quartets Of Countries, Kostas Mylonas
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
Differential item functioning or item bias is a usual threat in psychological research and many experts in the field such as Kline (1993), Nunnally and Bernstein (1994), and others have suggested various methods for its detection and removal. Item bias in terms of culture has been addressed by Poortinga, Van de Vijver, Leung, Muthén, and others, with most of the proposed methods attempting to minimize variance explained by culture itself by detecting and deleting culturally-biased items from the analysis. This is done through the detection of inequivalent –in terms of factor structure– items and their elimination before comparing for factor …
An Examination Of Acquiescent Response Styles In Cross-Cultural Research, Ronald Fischer, Johnny R. J. Fontaine, Fons J. R. Van De Vijver, Dianne A. Van Hemert
An Examination Of Acquiescent Response Styles In Cross-Cultural Research, Ronald Fischer, Johnny R. J. Fontaine, Fons J. R. Van De Vijver, Dianne A. Van Hemert
Papers from the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology Conferences
Response styles constitute a formidable challenge for cross-cultural research. In this article, three different response styles are discussed (acquiescence, extremity scoring, and social desirability). Acquiescence responding (ARS) is then integrated into a larger classical test theoretical framework, which allows for an examination of the various roles that ARS may play in cross-cultural research. A new meta-analytical method is proposed to examine the prevalence and nature of ARS. Preliminary evidence suggests that ARS has only a small, but systematic effect on survey responses. The meaning of ARS is explored through correlations with nation-level indicators. Implications for future research are discussed.