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Early Detection Of Alcohol Related Dementia Across The Lifespan: An Integrative Literature Review For Primary Care Providers, Kaylee A. Chapman
Early Detection Of Alcohol Related Dementia Across The Lifespan: An Integrative Literature Review For Primary Care Providers, Kaylee A. Chapman
University Honors Theses
Introduction: Alcohol related dementia (ARD) is a long-term, heterogeneous cognitive impairment that can develop in the course of excessive and prolonged use of alcohol. This integrative literature review evaluated the relevant research, preventative measures, and early detection of brain changes leading to memory impairment as a result of the chronic consumption of alcohol.. Widespread prevention and detection of ARD can be achieved through the support of healthcare professionals in understanding, observing, and catching behavioral patterns ahead of time to properly direct treatment. The risk factors associated with an early diagnosis of dementia include, but are not limited to, abnormal brain …
Psilocybin With Acceptance And Commitment Therapy (Act) For The Treatment Of Social Anxiety Disorder (Sad), Aspen E. Allred
Psilocybin With Acceptance And Commitment Therapy (Act) For The Treatment Of Social Anxiety Disorder (Sad), Aspen E. Allred
University Honors Theses
Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a debilitating mental health condition characterized by an overwhelming fear and anxiety of social rejection that can lead to chronic patterns of social behavioral avoidance. Despite the existence of traditional efficacious treatments, a significant number of individuals either do not respond to treatment or experience a recurrence of symptoms over extended periods, spanning 10-12 years. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), a form of acceptance-based behavioral therapy considered part of the "third wave" of cognitive behavioral therapies, has shown promising results in early studies, comparable to those of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) that is considered the …
Reconceptualizing The Interaction Between Adhd Symptoms And Environmental Context, Oliver G. Mcfadden
Reconceptualizing The Interaction Between Adhd Symptoms And Environmental Context, Oliver G. Mcfadden
University Honors Theses
Difficult questions regarding etiology, prevalence, and individual treatment allude to the heterogenous and complex neurocognitive profile ADHD. Current understandings do not point to there being any yet-undiscovered, succinct set of features for the condition that will answer these questions. ADHD in fact has a heterogeneous etiology and neurocognitive profile, suffers from both overdiagnosis and underdiagnosis, and a variety of styles of treatment are conceivable to address this. Sociocultural factors have crucially guided the direction of ADHD pathology and medicalization and are woven into institutional environments. These extant problems have eluded ADHD research, and the debate over the construction and validity …
Tattoos And Trauma: Are Tattoos Healing For Trauma?, Krystal Bell
Tattoos And Trauma: Are Tattoos Healing For Trauma?, Krystal Bell
University Honors Theses
Prior research and literature reviews suggest that there is medicinal value in tattooing for the healing of trauma. However, tattooing is still a burgeoning topic in academic studies and still mostly taboo as a western societal practice, so there are gaps in qualitative and quantitative data that could further validate the healing benefits of tattoos for trauma. This literature review analyzed 30 peer reviewed articles that focus on "contemporary tattoo data," "indigenous traditions and practices," "tattoos and trauma," and other alternative healing such as "MDMA, psilocybin, EMDR" to establish a well-rounded investigation into tattoos as an alternative healing option. The …
Humanity In Trauma, Alyssa K. Thompson
Humanity In Trauma, Alyssa K. Thompson
University Honors Theses
The main objective of the literature review is to use the trauma-informed care paradigm to argue that the current implementation of trauma-informed care reinforces hierarchies of harm, leading to feelings of moral obligation and moral injury while perpetuating othering. This literature review criticizes trauma-informed care, emphasizing lived experiences against the characteristics trauma-informed care aspires to reflect. The review centers on the broad themes of understanding, universality, and acceptance of the present trauma-informed care paradigm. The critique comes from the silently excluded group of healthcare workers, with a personal perspective from a professional who worked in an urban hospital emergency department …
Examining Benefits Of Early Intervention In Cases Of Pediatric Chronic Hypoxia, Kendra Stefan
Examining Benefits Of Early Intervention In Cases Of Pediatric Chronic Hypoxia, Kendra Stefan
University Honors Theses
There is a strong foundation of evidence and consensus in the literature that hypoxia has adverse impacts on brain function. Recent research has broadened the field in two directions. One is the treatment for acute hypoxic injuries, and the second is regarding the accumulative impact of intermittent or chronic hypoxia. Historically, in cases of acute hypoxia, action is taken to remedy the source of hypoxia. Physical and cognitive rehabilitation has typically been provided as needed depending on the severity of the injury. While cases of intermittent or chronic hypoxia may not demonstrate an acute urgency for treatment and rehabilitation, current …
Neural Correlates Of Comorbidity Of Anxiety Disorders And Eating Disorders, Karsen Coelho
Neural Correlates Of Comorbidity Of Anxiety Disorders And Eating Disorders, Karsen Coelho
University Honors Theses
The presence of eating disorder and anxiety disorder comorbidity has raised the question of whether or not there is a causal relationship between them. Previous studies have found that this comorbidity has been present in various patients with anxiety disorders and eating disorders, going further to try and determine which diagnosis came first (Swinbourne et al., 2012). By conducting a literature review, studies were examined to determine neurobiological regions impacted by both disorders. Prefrontal cortex abnormalities are consistent among both disorders, contributing to differences in behavior and reward systems. With the irregular structure and activation of the amygdala, emotion and …
Classifying Severe And Enduring Anorexia Nervosa: A Literature Review, Phoenix Black
Classifying Severe And Enduring Anorexia Nervosa: A Literature Review, Phoenix Black
University Honors Theses
Little focus is placed on the subsection of the eating disorder patient population who struggle chronically with their illness. This review synthesizes research on the topic to identify gaps in knowledge and reflect on implications for diagnosis and classification of severe and enduring anorexia nervosa. There was some variability between both clinicians and researchers who focused on this patient population, which is discussed based on different classifying criteria used to include or exclude an individual into the study. This review considers traditional methods used for classifying psychiatric diagnoses in relation to this disorder.
Where To Draw The Line: Evaluating Visuospatial And Attentional Processing In Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Alisha Steigerwald
Where To Draw The Line: Evaluating Visuospatial And Attentional Processing In Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Alisha Steigerwald
University Honors Theses
Objective: We investigated visuospatial processing in individuals with autism using bisection and quadrisection tasks to evaluate the presence of a possible downward vertical spatial bias that could provide insights into the preference for attending to the mouth in ASD populations.
Methods: Twenty participants with ASD and 20 age, IQ, and sex-matched control participants were recruited (ages 6-23). Participants were asked to bisect, quadrisect from the top, and quadrisect from the bottom vertical lines placed in their left, center, and right visual spaces. Distance from the true midpoint and quadripoint were calculated and compared between the two groups.
Results: No significant …
Human Development, Portland State University. Human Development Teaching And Learning Group
Human Development, Portland State University. Human Development Teaching And Learning Group
PDXOpen: Open Educational Resources
This open textbook is designed for Human Development, a core Psychology course. This course provides a bird’s eye view of major milestones and developmental tasks during each age period, starting at conception and ending with old age.
Predicting The Efficacy Of Psilocybin In Treating Mental Health And Addiction, Courtney Ledford
Predicting The Efficacy Of Psilocybin In Treating Mental Health And Addiction, Courtney Ledford
altREU Projects
Machine Learning is used to predict the efficacy of psilocybin in treating mental health and addiction by using a random forest algorithm. Psilocybin is a chemical compound found in fungi. Following ingestion, it is converted to psilocin which acts as a serotonin agonist, producing altered states of consciousness and hallucinations. Research suggests the use of psilocybin as a potential treatment for mental health disorders and addiction. An analysis of thirty-one experiments from the Altered States Database was inputted into the model. Past meta-analysis performed on this experimental data focuses on healthy participants rather than participants diagnosed with a mental illness. …
Sex Differences In Prevalence And Psychophysiological Profiles Of Adhd, Mckenzie Figuracion
Sex Differences In Prevalence And Psychophysiological Profiles Of Adhd, Mckenzie Figuracion
University Honors Theses
Background: Considerable research has been dedicated to understanding the etiology of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but the focus has been on a homogeneous subset of the population, and multiple groups go underserved when it comes to support. Previous findings suggest differences in ADHD diagnosis and referral rates based on sex, but it is less clear whether neurophysiological sex differences exist. The current study examines the effect of expert consensus diagnostic practices on rates of diagnosis in males and females, and evaluates sex differences in potential neurophysiological markers of ADHD.
Methods: 860 children and adolescents (Males=519; ADHD=516) were recruited for a longitudinal …
The United States' Relationship With The Insanity Defense Before And After United States V. Hinckley, Natalie R. Peterman
The United States' Relationship With The Insanity Defense Before And After United States V. Hinckley, Natalie R. Peterman
Young Historians Conference
The United States legal system has had a fluctuating relationship with the insanity defense for decades, and the trial of United States v. Hinckley was a critical milestone for this development. Before John Hinckley, Jr. attempted to assassinate President Ronald Reagan in 1981 and the jury of his trial found him not guilty, American society generally supported the insanity defense, but both the public and the government were outraged after Hinckley’s verdict. This outrage and the subsequent political backlash against the insanity defense were motivated by progress in the area of mental illness treatment in the United States. In the …
Help-Seeking On Facebook Versus More Traditional Sources Of Help: Cross-Sectional Survey Of Military Veterans, Alan R. Teo, Heather E. Marsh, Samuel B.L. Liebow, Jason I. Chen, Christopher W. Forsberg, Christina Nicolaidis, Somnath Saha, Steven K. Dobscha
Help-Seeking On Facebook Versus More Traditional Sources Of Help: Cross-Sectional Survey Of Military Veterans, Alan R. Teo, Heather E. Marsh, Samuel B.L. Liebow, Jason I. Chen, Christopher W. Forsberg, Christina Nicolaidis, Somnath Saha, Steven K. Dobscha
School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations
Background: The media has devoted significant attention to anecdotes of individuals who post messages on Facebook prior to suicide. However, it is unclear to what extent social media is perceived as a source of help or how it compares to other sources of potential support for mental health problems.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the degree to which military veterans with depression use social media for help-seeking in comparison to other more traditional sources of help.
Methods: Cross-sectional self-report survey of 270 adult military veterans with probable major depression. Help-seeking intentions were measured with a modified General Help-Seeking Questionnaire. …
Building Competencies And Skills Among Service Providers Working With Young People Who Experience Serious Mental Health Conditions: State Of The Science, Janet S. Walker, Pauline Jivanjee, Eileen M. Brennan, Leigh Grover
Building Competencies And Skills Among Service Providers Working With Young People Who Experience Serious Mental Health Conditions: State Of The Science, Janet S. Walker, Pauline Jivanjee, Eileen M. Brennan, Leigh Grover
School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations
This paper explores what is currently known about the most promising strategies for increasing providers’ capacity to deliver effective behavioral health services and supports. The paper also describes how this information has been—or could be—applied to the design of cutting-edge approaches for building skills and competencies among providers that work with young people who experience serious mental health conditions.
Aligning Counselor Training Clinics With The Dsm-5: Tips, Tools, And Challenges, Joel A. Lane, Lisa Aasheim
Aligning Counselor Training Clinics With The Dsm-5: Tips, Tools, And Challenges, Joel A. Lane, Lisa Aasheim
Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations
This presentation is intended to help counselor educators better understand the conceptual changes made in the DSM-5, as well as the implications of these changes for counseling training clinics.
Global Health Training In U.S. Graduate Psychiatric Education, Alexander C. Tsai, Gregory Fricchione, Rochelle P. Walensky, Courtney Ng, David Bangsberg, Vanessa B. Kerry
Global Health Training In U.S. Graduate Psychiatric Education, Alexander C. Tsai, Gregory Fricchione, Rochelle P. Walensky, Courtney Ng, David Bangsberg, Vanessa B. Kerry
OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations
Objective—Global health training opportunities have figured prominently into medical students’ residency program choices across a range of clinical specialties. To date, however, the national scope of global mental health education has not heretofore been systematically assessed. We therefore sought to characterize the distribution of global health training opportunities in U.S. graduate psychiatric education.
Methods—We examined the web pages of all U.S. psychiatry residency training programs, along with search results from a systematic Google query designed to identify global health training opportunities.
Results—Of the 183 accredited U.S. psychiatry residency programs, we identified 17 programs (9.3%) offering 28 global health training opportunities …
Community-Based Approaches To Mental Health And Conflict Resolution In Post-Conflict Libya, Amanda Lubit
Community-Based Approaches To Mental Health And Conflict Resolution In Post-Conflict Libya, Amanda Lubit
Anthropology Theses
Post-conflict Libya faces the challenges of establishing a national health system that is capable of addressing mental health needs for a population traumatized by decades of repression and a recent war. In order to recover, traumatized populations require feelings of safety, calm, empowerment, connectedness, and hope. To help achieve this outcome, programs must focus on medical and social aspects at both the individual and community level.
As part of an internship experience, I worked with Dr. Omar Reda, a Libyan psychiatrist at Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) who helps communities, organizations and mental health professionals throughout Libya to address …
Family Psychoeducation In Clinical High Risk And First- Episode Psychosis, William R. Mcfarlane, Sarah Lynch, Ryan P. Melton
Family Psychoeducation In Clinical High Risk And First- Episode Psychosis, William R. Mcfarlane, Sarah Lynch, Ryan P. Melton
Regional Research Institute for Human Services
Seventy percent of those who will have an episode of psychosis will have done so by age 25. Data from clinical trials of intervention during the clinical high risk period of psychosis have determined that the mean age is in mid-adolescence, 16-18 years of age. For those reasons, early intervention inherently involves adolescents, and by extension their parents and other family members and supports. Regarding the type of intervention, it is relevant that the current empirically-derived standard of treatment for schizophrenia, as concluded by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research survey of the treatment outcome literature, includes family …
A Counselor’S Role In Diagnosing The Proposed Dsm-5 Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome: A Pathway To Early Intervention Or Iatrogenic Consequences?, Vanessa Jung Tirman, Ryan P. Melton
A Counselor’S Role In Diagnosing The Proposed Dsm-5 Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome: A Pathway To Early Intervention Or Iatrogenic Consequences?, Vanessa Jung Tirman, Ryan P. Melton
Regional Research Institute for Human Services
Psychosis in general, and schizophrenia specifically, are among the most debilitating and difficult to treat disorders in mental health (Correll, Hauser, Auther, & Cornblatt, 2010). Identifying a patient with at-risk symptoms before the first episode of schizophrenia can be invaluable to the patient, clinician, and the community because the patient is treated early in the course of the disease where treatment is highly effective. After years of research it has been confirmed that at-risk symptoms for schizophrenia generally precede the first episode of psychosis, which results in the diagnosis of schizophrenia (Correll et al., 2010). At present however, the assessment …
Euthanasia, The Ethics Of Patient Care And The Language Of Propaganda, Elizabeth Maria Krapf
Euthanasia, The Ethics Of Patient Care And The Language Of Propaganda, Elizabeth Maria Krapf
Dissertations and Theses
This thesis is an examination of euthanasia, eugenics, the ethic of patient care, and linguistic propaganda in the Second World War. The examination of euthanasia discusses not only the history and involvement of the facility at Hadamar in Germany, but also discuss the current euthanasia debate. Euthanasia in World War II arose out of the Nazi desire to cleanse the Reich and was greatly influenced by the American eugenics movement of the early 20th century. Eugenics was built up to include anyone considered undesirable and unworthy of life and killed many thousands of people before the invasion of allied troops …
Conscientiousness As A Moderator Of The Relationship Between Work Autonomy And Job Satisfaction, Kyle Garret Mack
Conscientiousness As A Moderator Of The Relationship Between Work Autonomy And Job Satisfaction, Kyle Garret Mack
Dissertations and Theses
Autonomy is one of the most commonly studied job characteristics in the work design literature and is commonly associated with large and positive effects on job satisfaction. There is reason to believe that autonomy may interact with personality characteristics to affect attitudinal outcomes, but prior research has tended to focus on the original growth-need-strength construct as a potential moderator with mixed results. One glaring gap in the literature is the lack of research that examines the Big Five constructs of personality as a potential class of moderators. Grant, Fried, and Juillerat (2010) have suggested additional research into the Big Five …
Exploring Support Network Structure, Content, And Stability As Youth Transition From Foster Care, Jennifer E. Blakeslee
Exploring Support Network Structure, Content, And Stability As Youth Transition From Foster Care, Jennifer E. Blakeslee
Dissertations and Theses
Many older youth in foster care lack adequate resources and ongoing support in their social networks as they transition into young adulthood, while other youth in these circumstances experience stable social networks providing comprehensive support. Systematically measuring the supportive personal and service-oriented relationships in youth networks expands the scope of inquiry in this area by identifying patterns of social network structure, member composition, and relational qualities that are associated with more or less support provision through formal and informal relationships. These can also be measured over time to observe changes in network form and content and assess network stability. This …
The Crossover Effects Of Supervisor Work-Family Positive Spillover On Employee Sleep Deficiency: Moderating Effects Of Family Supportive Supervisor Behaviors (Fssb), Tori Laurelle Crain, Leslie B. Hammer, Todd Bodner, Orfeu Buxton
The Crossover Effects Of Supervisor Work-Family Positive Spillover On Employee Sleep Deficiency: Moderating Effects Of Family Supportive Supervisor Behaviors (Fssb), Tori Laurelle Crain, Leslie B. Hammer, Todd Bodner, Orfeu Buxton
Psychology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Abstract of presentation presented at SLEEP 2012 held June 9-13, 2012 in Boston, Massachusetts
The Social Nature Of Male Suicide: A New Analytic Model, Daniel Coleman, John T. Casey
The Social Nature Of Male Suicide: A New Analytic Model, Daniel Coleman, John T. Casey
School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations
Suicide is one of the leading causes of male mortality. In nearly every country in the world, more males than females end their life by suicide. Previous research indicates male-specific risk factors include social factors such as being unmarried, low income, and unemployment. An analytic model of male suicide is developed, proposing that the traditional male gender role creates a culturally-conditioned narrowing of perceived options and cognitive rigidity when under stress that increases male suicide risk. Suicide prevention and intervention require recognition of the role of high traditional masculinity, situating individual explanations within a broader social context. Based on this …
Distress Under Duress: The Relationship Between Campus Climate And Depression In Asian American College Students, Christine M. Cress, Elaine Kimiko Ikeda
Distress Under Duress: The Relationship Between Campus Climate And Depression In Asian American College Students, Christine M. Cress, Elaine Kimiko Ikeda
Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations
Student perceptions of negative campus climate were predictive of Asian American students’ depression levels in spite of students’ entering proclivities toward depression and in spite of varying institutional types. In addition, these findings were consistent whether individual Asian American perceptions of campus climate were entered into the equation or whether institutional levels of campus perceptions (which included all racial and ethnic groups) were entered into the equation. Therefore, higher education institutions that are perceived by students to discriminate against individuals based on race or ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, or disability may put their Asian American students at risk for severe …
Embedding Multicultural Competencies In Rehabilitation Psychology Practice, Richard H. Dana
Embedding Multicultural Competencies In Rehabilitation Psychology Practice, Richard H. Dana
Regional Research Institute for Human Services
This article identifies the several issues in the process of client assessments, especially for multicultural groups. The Multicultural Assessment-Intervention Process (MAIP) model is discussed as a useful tool for meeting these issues. The model's applications and specific procedural steps are discussed.
Multicultural Assessment: Research, Training, And Practice, Richard H. Dana
Multicultural Assessment: Research, Training, And Practice, Richard H. Dana
Regional Research Institute for Human Services
The credibility of standard assessment has been questioned by intra-professional debate, diminished by training deficits, redefined as semi-skilled technology by managed care, and compromised for multicultural populations by research bias. Scientific psychology has been responsible for perpetuation of bias and the limited generality of published ethnic minority research. A constructive response to these issues includes more coherent scientific preparation for assessment practice, particularly with ethnic minority populations. Adequate preparation entails careful reformulation of assumptions, redefinition of variables, informed selection of research methodologies, understanding deficiencies in normative data, and using culturally responsible interpretive strategies with standard test data in addition to …
Asian American Mental Health Clients: Effects Of Ethnic Match And Age On Global Assessment And Visitation, Richard H. Dana, Glenn Gamst, Aghop Der-Karabetian, Terry Kramer
Asian American Mental Health Clients: Effects Of Ethnic Match And Age On Global Assessment And Visitation, Richard H. Dana, Glenn Gamst, Aghop Der-Karabetian, Terry Kramer
Regional Research Institute for Human Services
Effects of client-counselor ethnic match (i.e., match, no match) and client age group (child, adult) on counselor-evaluated Global Assessment of Function (GAF) and visitation were investigated. The sample consisted of 253 Asian-American outpatient clients (24.9% children 75.1% adults) of a community mental health center. Unadjusted results indicated that ethnically matched clients had more positive GAF evaluations and more clinic visits than nonmatched clients. When adjusted for eight covariates, results showed ethnically matched clients continued to show higher levels of visitation. Analysis of separate diagnostic categories showed that ethnically matched mood-disorder clients had higher levels of visitation. Conversely, nonethnically matched anxiety …
El Impacto De Las Nuevas Technologias En El Futuro De Las Technicas De Evaluacion Psicologica Clinica, Richard H. Dana, Isidro A. E. Sanz, Barry A. Ritzler, Jan Ivanouw
El Impacto De Las Nuevas Technologias En El Futuro De Las Technicas De Evaluacion Psicologica Clinica, Richard H. Dana, Isidro A. E. Sanz, Barry A. Ritzler, Jan Ivanouw
Regional Research Institute for Human Services
En este trabajo se presentan reflexiones desde distintas perspectivas acerca del futuro de la Evaluación Psicológica y el papel que las tecnologías informáticas tendráen ella. En la actualidad, es innegable la importancia que ha alcanzado la informática dentro de las actividades académicas y profesionales en tomo a la Evaluación Psicológica. La capacidad cada vez mayor de las computadoras facilitó las tareas de investigación, desarrollo, y aplicación de tests psicológicos. Parece altamente previsible que en el futuro la informática tendrá un lugar aún mayor en el auxilio del psicógicos evaluador. Algunas posibles consecuencias futuras son expuestas y debatidas por los diferentes …