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Evaluation Of Betaine And Methionine Replacement For Improving Performance And Meat Quality For Broilers Reared Under Higher Temperature Conditions, Malea Graham Frank

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

4,096 broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 128 floor pens (32 birds/pen). 2,048 day-old male broilers were placed in the east end of a barn, and the following week 2,048 day-old male broilers were placed in the west end. At each placement day, half of the chicks were Cobb 500 and half were Ross 708, and each pen contained only one breed source. East end birds received coccidiostat in the feed, west end received coccidial vaccine, and each end was under separate environmental control. Eight diets contained two levels of coccidiostat (0, 1 lb./ton), methionine (deficient, adequate), and betaine (0, …

Identification And The Significance Of Selective Proteins In Bile And Plasma Of Normal And Health-Compromised Chickens, Balamurugan Packialakshmi

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

During the last 50 years, animal breeding programs in commercial poultry have made significant progress in the bodyweight gain of broilers but led to several metabolic and skeletal disorders. Lameness associated with proximal femur known as femoral head separation (FHS) or femoral head necrosis (FHN) is one of the major metabolic disorders in poultry industry. In order to select for healthy chickens, markers that can distinguish between healthy and affected birds are required. Biomarkers from blood represent an ideal and rich source of markers which can be obtained using minimally invasive methods. The biomarkers were explored in an experimental model …

Central Administration Of Neuropeptide Y (Npy) And Vasotocin 4 Receptor (Vt4r/V1ar) Antagonists On Food Intake And A Stress Response In Chicks, Megan Ann Hancock

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this study was to determine the central effect of the VT4R antagonists (SR-49059 and H-5350 (Manning compound)) on corticosterone (CORT) levels during stress and food intake. A 22-gauge stainless steel guide cannula was surgically implanted into the lateral ventricle of the birds. A preliminary study was done to test the antagonists and their role on food intake. Birds were injected with saline, NPY (4µg), NPY (4µg)+SR-49059 (250ng), or NPY (4µg)+Manning compound (250ng). Birds injected with saline had the lowest 1h food intake (17.7g1.6). Birds injected with NPY+saline had a significantly higher intake (27.1g 1.0), which was enhanced …

Evaluation Of Low-Tannin Grain Sorghum In Broiler Chicken Diets, Samantha Aniecia Shelton

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Research trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary grain sorghum on broiler live performance, carcass yield and shank (leg) and breast skin coloring. Iso-caloric diets were formulated where sorghum replaced corn at rates of 0% (control), 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% for a total of 6 diets. For each of the two trials, 1500 Cobb 500 male broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 60 pens with 25 birds per pen (10 pens/diet) and grown to 46 days for the first research trial and 41 days for the second. There were no differences (P>.05) …

Evaluation Of Phytate And Phytase Interactions And Phytase Phase-Feeding On Bird Performance, Bone Characteristics And Meat Quality In Young Growing Broilers, Chance L. Williams

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Two trials were performed using one-day-old male Cobb x Cobb 500 broilers to determine how dietary phytate and phytase levels as well as phytase phase feeding impacted bird performance parameters, tibia characteristics, and malonaldehyde (MDA) content of the liver, breast and thigh tissues. The first experiment consisted of 1,008 birds randomly placed in 48 floor pens within two commercial broiler houses at the Applied Broiler Research Farm (ABRF; 21 birds per pen; 0.76 ft2 per bird). A 2 X 3 factorial design was used with two levels of dietary phytate (0.21 and 0.31 %) and three levels of phytase supplementation …

Protein Turnover In Broiler, Layers, And Broiler Breeders, Karen Vignale Lake

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Protein turnover in skeletal tissue for broiler breeders has shown to increase at sexual maturity and then decline with increased egg production. Regarding broiler chickens the industry is facing two situations that need to be clarified: the appearance of white stripes in birds over 56 days of age and the positive effect in breast meat yield that supplementation of 25OH-D3 is causing. A series of studies were conducted to determine the effect of sexual maturity in protein turnover in broiler breeders and laying hens and to understand the effect of 25OHD3 in breast meat yield in broiler chickens and why …

Correlated Response To Selection And Effects Of Pre-Slaughter Environment On Meat Quality In Broilers Divergently Selected For Muscle Color, Isaac David Harford

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Two broiler lines divergently selected for high (HMC) and low (LMC) muscle lightness (L*) were formed from a random bred control line (RBC). After eight generations of selection, three experimental trials were conducted to investigate the correlated response to selection and effects of pre-slaughter environment on meat quality in all three lines.

In the first experiment, a total of 100 birds from each line were bled for blood chemistry analysis and were evaluated for meat quality the following day. The HMC line had higher fillet drip loss (DL), L*, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (H:L), and platelet count (Plt), and lower …

Molecular Marker Assisted Backcross Development And Evaluation Of An Environmentally Friendly, Commercially Acceptable Low Seed Phytate Soybean, Jeffrey David Boehm Jr.

Masters Theses

Soybean [Glycine max (L). Merrill] is the world’s top oilseed crop. High protein soymeal is a primary soybean use and staple food of livestock and fish. The storage form of phosphorus (P) in the seed is phytic acid, or phytate [myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6 hexakisphosphate] which binds and chelates key nutritional cations forming stable salts that are non-digestible. Livestock waste laden with phytate P is an environmental concern, and a source of nonpoint P pollution causing eutrophication and surface water quality deterioration. The primary objective of this research was the development of a commercially acceptable low phytate (LP) soybean …

Poultry Performance And Food Safety Impacts Of Selected Organic Acids And Probiotics, Anita Menconi

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Improving production parameters and controlling foodborne pathogens have been challenges to the poultry industry. Salmonella has been the most common bacterial pathogen in laboratory confirmed foodborne illness cases, and contaminated poultry and poultry products have been identified as the most important source of transmission of Salmonella to humans. Therefore, research on effective interventions to reduce Salmonella transmission at the poultry production level has gained attention. Initially, a series of studies was conducted to evaluate the use of selected organic acids in controlling foodborne pathogens and improving poultry performance. Then, the characterization and application of lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus spp. …

Chitosan Reduces Enteric Colonization Of Campylobacter In Young Chickens, But Not On Post-Harvest Chicken Skin Samples, Hanna Royce Arambel

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Worldwide, Campylobacter is one of the leading causes of foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis causing an estimated 1.3 million infections in the United States alone. Consumption and/or cross-contamination of raw or undercooked poultry products have been linked as the most common source of Campylobacter infection, making the poultry industry a target for Campylobacter reduction strategies. Campylobacter is prevalent in most poultry flocks in the United States, with as many as 90% of flocks Campylobacter-positive at the time of slaughter. It is estimated that a reduction of Campylobacter in poultry would greatly reduce the risk of campylobacteriosis in humans. Unfortunately, there are …

Factores Relacionados Con La Presentación Del Síndrome Ascítico Y Síndrome De Muerte Súbita En Pollos De Engorde, Lorenzo Dereser Puyana

Zootecnia

El presente trabajo contiene una recopilación de literatura acerca de los factores relacionados con la incidencia del síndrome ascítico y el síndrome de muerte súbita en pollos de engorde. En primer lugar, se hizo una revisión del gran desarrollo que ha tenido la industria avícola en los últimos años, unido a un aumento en el rendimiento del pollo de engorde, debido principalmente a la selección genética. En contraste, el segundo capítulo habla de las graves consecuencias de tal mejoramiento genético, ya que este ha predispuesto a las aves a sufrir de problemas metabólicos como la ascitis y el síndrome de …

Estudio De Factibilidad Para La Creación De Un Plantel Avícola De Ponedoras En Supermercados Rapimercar Sa, Mauricio Alberto Vesga Vesga

Zootecnia

Las siguientes páginas presentan los resultados de la evaluación de las condiciones técnicas, de mercado y financiera para el montaje de una granja avícola de abastecimiento de huevo para consumo directo de los Supermercados Rapimercar S.A de la ciudad de Santa Marta, atendiendo lo expuesto se analizó la posibilidad de que la empresa objeto de estudio por medio de esta investigación tome la decisión de invertir en el sector pecuario a partir de la instalación de una granja avícola de gallinas ponedoras de huevo que satisfaga la demanda interna de producto en los Supermercados, cubierta hasta ahora con la oferta …

Efecto De La Pendiente Del Piso De Jaulas En Batería Sobre La Eficiencia Técnico - Económica En Gallinas Ponedoras, Vanessa Acosta Reyes

Zootecnia

En la producción avícola de aves de postura es muy importante tener en cuenta algunos parámetros estructurales en las instalaciones para manejar resultados positivos como por ejemplo la incidencia que tiene las condiciones de las jaulas sobre la eficiencia técnico económica del sistema de producción de gallinas ponedoras. El estudio se realizó en el CIC de San Miguel con animales de la línea genética Babcock Brown, en donde se evidenciaba que al no contar con una inclinación correcta de la jaula en el piso donde caen los huevos y ruedan a la banda recolectora provocaba daños en los huevos como …

Evaluación De Los Parámetros Productivos Con Diferentes Niveles De Inclusión De Silimarina En Gallinas Ponedoras De La Línea Babcock, Ricardo Galán Romero, Sebastian Santana Manzano

Zootecnia

El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en evaluar el efecto de diferentes niveles de inclusión de Silimarina en gallinas ponedoras Babcock en etapa de finalización (entre la semana 40 y 50 de vida) durante diez semanas, evaluando los parámetros productivos y calidad de huevo. La evaluación se realizó́ en la granja San Miguel de la Universidad de La Salle, en la investigación se empleó un total de 300 gallinas; con 5 tratamientos, cada tratamiento con 5 repeticiones y cada repetición conformada por 15 gallinas. Las aves recibieron alimento balanceado basado en maíz-soya, de acuerdo a la etapa productiva en que …