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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Ecological Boundary Detection Using Bayesian Areal Wombling, Joseph Elkinton, M. C. Fitzpatrick, E. L. Preisser, A. H. Porter, L. A. Wallwe, B. P. Carlin, A. M. Ellison
Ecological Boundary Detection Using Bayesian Areal Wombling, Joseph Elkinton, M. C. Fitzpatrick, E. L. Preisser, A. H. Porter, L. A. Wallwe, B. P. Carlin, A. M. Ellison
Joseph Elkinton
The study of ecological boundaries and their dynamics is of fundamental importance to much of ecology, biogeography, and evolution. Over the past two decades, boundary analysis (of which wombling is a subfield) has received considerable research attention, resulting in multiple approaches for the quantification of ecological boundaries. Nonetheless, few methods have been developed that can simultaneously (1) analyze spatially homogenized data sets (i.e., areal data in the form of polygons rather than point-reference data); (2) account for spatial structure in these data and uncertainty associated with them; and (3) objectively assign probabilities to boundaries once detected. Here we describe the …
The Landscape Similarity Toolbox: New Tools For Optimizing The Location Of Control Sites In Experimental Studies, Thomas E. Dilts, Jian Yang, Peter J. Weisberg
The Landscape Similarity Toolbox: New Tools For Optimizing The Location Of Control Sites In Experimental Studies, Thomas E. Dilts, Jian Yang, Peter J. Weisberg
Articles
Large‐scale manipulative experiments are critically important for linking ecological theory with land management at a relevant spatial scale. Statistically powerful inferential approaches such as the before‐after‐control‐impact design involve pairing a small number of treatment sites with control sites of analogous ecological structure and landscape context. Pairing treatment and control sites that are as analogous as possible is an important step to ensuring that differences are due to a treatment effect. The Landscape Similarity Toolbox provides tools for optimizing the location of potential control sites based upon the spatial characteristics of the treatment site.
Temporal And Spatial Assessment Of Evaporation, Transpiration, And Soil Moisture Redistribution, Brian M. Bird
Temporal And Spatial Assessment Of Evaporation, Transpiration, And Soil Moisture Redistribution, Brian M. Bird
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
At a native stand of creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) in North Las Vegas, a rainfall simulation study was conducted over a 12 month period from October 2005 to October 2006. Simulated rainfall occurred during the winter, spring, summer, and fall periods. Rainfall simulation systems were positioned on each of 12 plots, each containing a single creosote bush. Simulated rainfall events occurred at night with multiple short pulses designed to maximize infiltration while minimizing ponding. Yearly simulated rainfall amounts were set at 0, 15, 30 and 60 cm (replicated three times) and were approximately 0, 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 times the …
A Complete Index To The Butler University Botanical Studies, A Journal Of Original Research Published By Butler University 1929-1964, Rebecca W. Dolan
A Complete Index To The Butler University Botanical Studies, A Journal Of Original Research Published By Butler University 1929-1964, Rebecca W. Dolan
Rebecca W. Dolan
For 35 years, the Botany Department of Butler University published a journal of research conducted by Butler faculty, students. and other Indiana botanists. Many of the papers contain valuable historical studies. especially floristic surveys that document Indiana's vegetation in past decades. This article presents a complete index for the journal. arranged both chronologically and alphabetically. Reprints of articles are still available.
Evaluating Native Wheatgrasses For Restoration Of Sagebrush Steppes, Jayanti Ray Mukherjee
Evaluating Native Wheatgrasses For Restoration Of Sagebrush Steppes, Jayanti Ray Mukherjee
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Pseudoroegneria spicata and Elymus wawawaiensis are two native perennial bunchgrasses of North America's Intermountain West. Frequent drought, past overgrazing practices, subsequent weed invasions, and increased wildfire frequency have combined to severely degrade natural landscapes in the region, leading to a decline in the abundance of native vegetation. Being formerly widespread throughout the region, P. spicata is a favorite for restoration purposes in the Intermountain West. Elymus wawawaiensis, which occupies a more restricted distribution in the Intermountain West, is often used as a restoration surrogate for P. spicata. However, since most restoration sites are outside the native range of …
Interisland Variability Of Dune Plant Community Structure On Virginia's Barrier Islands, Justin K. Shafer
Interisland Variability Of Dune Plant Community Structure On Virginia's Barrier Islands, Justin K. Shafer
Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations
The barrier islands of the Virginia Coast Reserve LTER site provide an opportunity to study interisland variability of dune plant communities. My research focused on the variation in biomass and diversity of communities among islands and dune positions. Grassy dunes of young, intermediate and old age were sampled on Smith, Hog, and Parramore Islands. Aboveground biomass was obtained from harvest plots, and roots were extracted from cores. Data were collected on depth to groundwater and total soil nitrogen. Variation in mean aboveground biomass was evident among the islands with the highest values on Hog Island, followed by Smith, then Parramore …
Combining Local- And Large-Scale Models To Predict The Distributions Of Invasive Plant Species, Chad C. Jones, Steven A. Acker, Charles B. Halpern
Combining Local- And Large-Scale Models To Predict The Distributions Of Invasive Plant Species, Chad C. Jones, Steven A. Acker, Charles B. Halpern
Botany Faculty Publications
Habitat-distribution models are increasingly used to predict the potential distributions of invasive species and to inform monitoring. However, these models assume that species are in equilibrium with the environment, which is clearly not true for most invasive species. Although this assumption is frequently acknowledged, solutions have not been adequately addressed. There are several potential methods for improving habitat-distribution models. Models that require only presence data may be more effective for invasive species, but this assumption has rarely been tested. In addition, combining modeling types to form ‘ensemble’ models may improve the accuracy of predictions. However, even with these improvements, models …
Carbon Dynamics In A Phragmites Australis Invaded Riparian Wetland, Steven Walters
Carbon Dynamics In A Phragmites Australis Invaded Riparian Wetland, Steven Walters
School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Invasive plant species are widely recognized as a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem stability. Wetland ecosystems tend to be much more susceptible to invasions because of their location on the landscape where water, nutrients, and the impacts of disturbances accumulate. Invasive plants have the ability to alter ecosystem processes and community/population dynamics. The ability of invasive plants to alter these processes can have profound economic consequences. In the United States, control of invasive wetland species alone costs approximately 155 million dollars annually. The state of Nebraska spends 2 million dollars annually controlling invasive plant species in the Platte River …
Liana Host Preference And Implications For Deciduous Forest Regeneration, Laura M. Ladwig, Scott J. Meiners
Liana Host Preference And Implications For Deciduous Forest Regeneration, Laura M. Ladwig, Scott J. Meiners
Scott J. Meiners
Lianas have the potential to shape forest communities and alter forest regeneration. However, impacts of lianas on forest regeneration, particularly in temperate forests, are largely unstudied. To understand potential liana impacts on the community we need to first know the location and intensity of liana burdens on host trees. We examined liana-tree host references within a series of young regenerating deciduous forests in the Piedmont region of New Jersey, USA. Established trees ($ 5 cm dbh) and the lianas associated with each tree were surveyed in 2008. The five most abundant liana species were Celastrus orbiculatus, Lonicera japonica, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, …
Post-Fire Alterations In Mechanical Strength Of Leaves In Heteromeles Arbutifolia, Andrew Hair, Madeline Dilascia, Nick Novella, Taylor Wurdeman
Post-Fire Alterations In Mechanical Strength Of Leaves In Heteromeles Arbutifolia, Andrew Hair, Madeline Dilascia, Nick Novella, Taylor Wurdeman
Featured Research
Wildfires in the Santa Monica mountains in Southern California burn down a decent percentage of the local vegetation. However, some plants like Heteromeles Arbutifolia, are considered to be resprouters because they return a mere two years after being burnt down. It is hypothesized that the artificially browsed resprout leaves will have a lower tensile strength than both the young and adult leaves because they use a lower amount of carbohydrates per unit-leaf-area. Data showed that although there was a slight different between the young leaves and the adult leaves of the Heteromeles, there was no statistically significant difference between the …
Effects Of Moist Chilling, Gibberellic Acid, And Scarification On Seed Dormancy In The Rare Endemic Pedicularis Olympica (Scrophulariaceae), Serap Kirmizi, Gürcan Güleryüz, Hülya Arslan, Fatma Selcen Sakar
Effects Of Moist Chilling, Gibberellic Acid, And Scarification On Seed Dormancy In The Rare Endemic Pedicularis Olympica (Scrophulariaceae), Serap Kirmizi, Gürcan Güleryüz, Hülya Arslan, Fatma Selcen Sakar
Turkish Journal of Botany
We investigated the germination requirements of a rare endemic plant species, Pedicularis olympica Boiss. (Scrophulariaceae), which grows in wet habitats on Uludağ Mountain, Turkey. We studied the effects of scarification, moist chilling (+4 °C) for 15 days, different doses of gibberellic acid (GA_{3}; 100, 150, and 250 ppm) and combined hormone and moist chilling treatments under dark (20 °C) and photoperiod (20/10 °C; 12/12 h, respectively) conditions. GA_{3} was able to break dormancy. The highest germination rate was found in the seeds treated with 250 ppm GA_{3}; 64% of these seeds germinated when treated with moist chilling and incubated in …
Combining A Dispersal Model With Network Theory To Assess Habitat Connectivity, Todd R. Lookingbill, Robert H. Gardner, Joseph R. Ferrari, Cherry E. Keller
Combining A Dispersal Model With Network Theory To Assess Habitat Connectivity, Todd R. Lookingbill, Robert H. Gardner, Joseph R. Ferrari, Cherry E. Keller
Geography and the Environment Faculty Publications
Assessing the potential for threatened species to persist and spread within fragmented landscapes requires the identification of core areas that can sustain resident populations and dispersal corridors that can link these core areas with isolated patches of remnant habitat. We developed a set of GIS tools, simulation methods, and network analysis procedures to assess potential landscape connectivity for the Delmarva fox squirrel (DFS; Sciurus niger cinereus), an endangered species inhabiting forested areas on the Delmarva Peninsula, USA. Information on the DFS’s life history and dispersal characteristics, together with data on the composition and configuration of land cover on the peninsula, …
Yield Potential And Resource-Use Efficiency Of Maize Systems In The Western U.S. Corn Belt, Patricio Grassini
Yield Potential And Resource-Use Efficiency Of Maize Systems In The Western U.S. Corn Belt, Patricio Grassini
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Maize demand for food, livestock feed, and biofuel is expected to increase substantially. The Western U.S. Corn Belt accounts for 23% of U.S. maize production, and irrigated maize accounts for 43 and 58% of maize land area and total production, respectively, in this region. The most sensitive parameters (yield potential [YP], water-limited yield potential [YP-W], yield gap between actual yield and YP, and resource-use efficiency) governing performance of maize systems in the region are lacking. A simulation model was used to quantify YP under irrigated and rainfed conditions based on weather data, soil properties, and crop management at 18 locations. …
Phylogenetic Relationships Of Some Turkish Crocus (Iridaceae) Taxa Based On Morphological And Anatomical Characters, Fati̇h Coşkun, Selami̇ Selvi̇, Fati̇h Satil
Phylogenetic Relationships Of Some Turkish Crocus (Iridaceae) Taxa Based On Morphological And Anatomical Characters, Fati̇h Coşkun, Selami̇ Selvi̇, Fati̇h Satil
Turkish Journal of Botany
In this study, relationships among the 15 taxa of the genus Crocus L. distributed in Turkey were analysed using 29 morphological and 4 anatomical characters. Analysis of the data set utilising maximum parsimony criterion with Branch-and-Bound search algorithm yielded 32 most parsimonious trees. Bootstrap analysis with the majority rule consensus algorithm generated a consensus tree supporting some branches. Our data mostly did not agree with the previous sectional and serial treatments. The most interesting result was the condition of Crocus pallasii, which was previously included in the section Crocus. C. pallasii showed a sister group relationship with C. cancellatus from …
Liana Host Preference And Implications For Deciduous Forest Regeneration, Laura M. Ladwig, Scott J. Meiners
Liana Host Preference And Implications For Deciduous Forest Regeneration, Laura M. Ladwig, Scott J. Meiners
Faculty Research & Creative Activity
Lianas have the potential to shape forest communities and alter forest regeneration. However, impacts of lianas on forest regeneration, particularly in temperate forests, are largely unstudied. To understand potential liana impacts on the community we need to first know the location and intensity of liana burdens on host trees. We examined liana-tree host references within a series of young regenerating deciduous forests in the Piedmont region of New Jersey, USA. Established trees ($ 5 cm dbh) and the lianas associated with each tree were surveyed in 2008. The five most abundant liana species were Celastrus orbiculatus, Lonicera japonica, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, …