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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
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Relative Soybean Response To Aminocyclopyrachlor, 2,4-D, Dicamba, And Aminopyralid, Trey I. Clark
Relative Soybean Response To Aminocyclopyrachlor, 2,4-D, Dicamba, And Aminopyralid, Trey I. Clark
Masters Theses
This research compared the visual symptomology of four auxin herbicides applied at three rates to simulate tank contamination on non-auxin tolerant soybeans. The herbicides examined were aminocyclopyrachlor (ACP), 2,4-D, dicamba, and aminopyralid. The standard labeled rates (SLR) used to base the application rates were 0.12 kg ae ha-1 for ACP and aminopyralid while dicamba and 2,4-D used 1.12 kg ae ha-1. These four herbicides exhibit similar symptoms on soybeans which is problematic when diagnosing soybean response. One goal of this project was to obtain high-quality images of the four herbicide’s effect on soybeans, with the hope of …
Molecular Markers Within And Beyond Viburnum: A Single Set Of Ssrs For An Immense Genus, Trinity Paige Hamm
Molecular Markers Within And Beyond Viburnum: A Single Set Of Ssrs For An Immense Genus, Trinity Paige Hamm
Masters Theses
Comprised of more than 160 species, Viburnum is the largest genus in the Viburnaceae (formerly Adoxaceae) alongside Adoxa and Sambucus. The native range of Viburnum species spans much of the Northern Hemisphere and extends into the mountains of South America and Southeastern Asia. Their wide geographic range has made Viburnum particularly interesting to phylogeographers and phylogeneticists. This diverse genus is also horticulturally valuable with varying traits such as fragrance, fruit color, and bud and inflorescence form. There is sufficient morphological diversity in the genus for there to be more than 70 species and intraspecific hybrids in cultivation, and in …
The Role Of Low-Molecular Weight Fungal Metabolites In Eutypa Dieback Grapevine Trunk Disease, Dana Sebestyen
The Role Of Low-Molecular Weight Fungal Metabolites In Eutypa Dieback Grapevine Trunk Disease, Dana Sebestyen
Masters Theses
Eutypa dieback, one of several grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs), is of serious concern to the grape industry globally. This disease is caused by the fungus Eutypa lata but it is often seen in consortia growth with Phaeoacremonium minimum and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora. It is vital to understand the mechanisms for how this disease functions to develop control measures to combat it. Brown rot fungi are able to use a complex of low molecular weight (LMW) metabolites to induce a Fenton reaction to deconstruct woody tissue. These metabolites are part of a chelator mediated Fenton (CMF) chemistry that produces reactive oxygen …
Can Volunteers Learn To Prune Trees?, Ryan W. Fawcett
Can Volunteers Learn To Prune Trees?, Ryan W. Fawcett
Masters Theses
Volunteer pruning programs are becoming an important tool in helping municipal arborists manage the urban forest. To find if volunteers can learn to prune trees well, the ability of volunteers to prune small trees after receiving training was assessed in three different ways, a written exam, a pruning prescription assessment, and a pruning cut assessment. Volunteers were assigned to either an indoor, lecture-based training or an outdoor, hands-on training session. After the training volunteers were asked to complete a written exam to gauge their understanding of the curriculum. Volunteers were then asked to perform a pruning prescription on small street …
Supplementing East Tennessee Landscapes For Pollinators With Native Perennials, Amani Khalil
Supplementing East Tennessee Landscapes For Pollinators With Native Perennials, Amani Khalil
Masters Theses
Tennessee, home to the Great Smoky Mountains, is a biodiversity hotspot for many plant and animal species, yet it receives relatively few conservation dollars (Jenkins et al., 2015). As a biodiversity hotspot, this region may be home to many endemic species, but little is known about the abundance or diversity of insect pollinators. In order to both estimate pollinator communities in East Tennessee and pollinator forage preferences for native Tennessee plants, we established four plots, comprised of three plant families across five common land use types. Over two field seasons we collected nearly 7,300 insect specimens with a total sampling …
Effects Of Traditional And Microbially-Focused Restoration Techniques On Soil Communities In Tallgrass Prairies, Zachary J. Whitacre
Effects Of Traditional And Microbially-Focused Restoration Techniques On Soil Communities In Tallgrass Prairies, Zachary J. Whitacre
Masters Theses
Tallgrass prairies have virtually disappeared in many parts of their former range due to the conversion of this ecosystem to farmland. In more recent years there have been efforts to restore these prairies on reclaimed agricultural land. However, these restored prairies do not resemble their remnant counterparts in many ways, such as in soil microbial community composition and metrics related to carbon storage. In Chapter 1, I show that bacterial communities in a restored prairie and an adjacent remnant prairie in southwest Michigan differ in their immediate and longer-term responses to prescribed fire, a commonly used prairie restoration and maintenance …
Effects Of Am Fungi From Conventional And No-Till Michigan Crop Fields On Plant And Soil Health, Derek Bennett
Effects Of Am Fungi From Conventional And No-Till Michigan Crop Fields On Plant And Soil Health, Derek Bennett
Masters Theses
Centuries of conventional till (CT) management in agriculture has depleted soil organic matter (SOM) by over 50%. While only comprising 5% in most soils, SOM provides soil with fertility and productivity. To compensate for SOM depletion, producers have been forced to increase their reliance on fertilizer and irrigation to maintain yields. In the coming decades, climate change is expected to challenge food production and threaten an already fragile system. With no remaining land left to cultivate, conservation management strategies such as no-till (NT) look to restore SOM and increase the resilience of food production for an ever growing, increasingly food …
Modeling Emergence Of Annual Bluegrass (Poa Annua L.) In Hybrid Bermudagrass [C. Dactylon (L.) Pers. X C. Transvaalensis Burtt-Davy], Dallas Rose Taylor
Modeling Emergence Of Annual Bluegrass (Poa Annua L.) In Hybrid Bermudagrass [C. Dactylon (L.) Pers. X C. Transvaalensis Burtt-Davy], Dallas Rose Taylor
Masters Theses
Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.; ABG) is a troublesome weed of turfgrass systems. A model to predict ABG emergence patterns could aid in timing measures to control ABG. Field research was initiated in January 2019 at the East Tennessee AgResearch & Education Center (ETREC) (Knoxville, TN) to better understand environmental conditions associated with ABG emergence. Plots (1 m2) included both hybrid bermudagrass [C. dactylon (L.) Pers. x C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy, cv. ‘Tifway’, at a 1.5 cm cutting height] and bare soil. Emerged ABG inside a 1000 cm2 area in the center of each plot was …
Determining Critical Fall Height For Bermudagrass Grown On Sand And Native Soil Root Zones, Taylor L. Williams
Determining Critical Fall Height For Bermudagrass Grown On Sand And Native Soil Root Zones, Taylor L. Williams
Masters Theses
Surface hardness is typically measured using a Clegg Impact Soil Tester (ASTM F355-D), but recent trends in sports turf are to use the F355-E missile as a potential alternative, because it may provide a more meaningful measurement. Forty traffic events were applied to ‘Tifway’ bermudagrass grown in an ASTM constructed sand root zone and a silt loam soil on the Center for Athletic Field Safety at the University of Tennessee. An F355-E was used to measure head injury criteria (HIC) for both root zones after every eight traffic events. Head injury criteria values were regressed to varying drop heights to …
Identifying Drought Tolerance Traits In Tennessee Soybean Genotypes: Recovery From Severe Water Deficit Stress, Samuel W. Purdom
Identifying Drought Tolerance Traits In Tennessee Soybean Genotypes: Recovery From Severe Water Deficit Stress, Samuel W. Purdom
Masters Theses
Ninety-four percent of U.S. grown soybeans are produced under rainfed conditions with intermittent droughts occurring late in the season during reproductive growth stages. Due to the temporary nature of drought, the ability of a crop to survive and recover effectively from water deficit stress is important for ensuring yield stability. In 2019 and 2020, two greenhouse experiments and two field studies were conducted to screen eleven soybean genotypes for transpiration response and recovery from water deficit stress and high vapor pressure deficit (VPD). In the first greenhouse study, soybean plants were grown in pots sealed to prevent evaporation and plants …
Examining The Maternal Investment Of The Calyptra And Its Influence On The Sporophyte Offspring, Alessandra Marie Cabrera Aromin
Examining The Maternal Investment Of The Calyptra And Its Influence On The Sporophyte Offspring, Alessandra Marie Cabrera Aromin
Masters Theses
Maternal care is a critical component of offspring survival, development, and fitness in many organisms. In early diverging lineages of plants (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts), offspring sporophytes are physically attached to and nutritionally dependent on the maternal gametophyte throughout their lifespan. Mosses have a unique structure that is a maternal cap of gametophyte tissue that covers the sporophyte apex during critical developmental stages. The calyptra has shown to positively impact sporophyte survival and fitness. My research examines the influence of calyptra size on sporophyte growth and development.
Drought-Stress-Inducible Synthetic Promoters In Rice (Oryza Sativa), Paolo Montano Tagaloguin
Drought-Stress-Inducible Synthetic Promoters In Rice (Oryza Sativa), Paolo Montano Tagaloguin
Masters Theses
Drought can potentially affect the global rice supply. Recent climate modeling studies projected a more frequent and intense drought scenario, especially in top producing and exporting countries worldwide. Several drought-tolerant genes had been identified in recent years, and transgenic approaches had been employed to develop drought-tolerant rice. However, the constitutive expression of some drought-tolerant genes resulted in undesirable phenotypes and metabolic burden. The use of an inducible synthetic promoter is advantageous in preventing the possible pleiotropic effects from constitutively expressing a drought-tolerant gene. In this study, rationally designed synthetic promoters based on poplar (Populus trichocarpa) cis-motifs were …
Trait Variation And Long-Term Population Dynamics Of The Invasive Alliaria Petiolata (Garlic Mustard) Across Three Microhabitats In Its Invaded Range, Laura Hancock
Masters Theses
Long-term population dynamics across heterogeneous environments can be a major factor in determining species’ ability to expand their ranges and persist in novel environments. Whether and how the relative performance of populations in different microsites over time impacts invasion into new microsites is poorly understood. Though largely restricted to disturbed semi-shaded microhabitats in its home range, the invasive herb Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) successfully invades intact forest understories – a novel microhabitat – in its introduced range, where it is known to impact above and below ground community composition. To test the hypothesis that source-sink metapopulation dynamics may be promoting …
Chemical Diversity And Antimicrobial Properties Of Spike-Rush Species And Related Genera (Genus Eleocharis, Family Cyperaceae), Yiru Zhang
Masters Theses
The focus of this research was to explore the chemical diversity and antimicrobial properties of Eleocharis dulcis. By using methanol as a solvent to extract phytochemicals, qualitative comparisons were made between HPLC chromatograms from Eleocharis species and other genera. Meanwhile, this study also examined the antimicrobial properties of phytochemicals extracted from various tissues of Eleocharis dulcis in two different solvents (water or methanol) against two Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and two Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) using a disc diffusion assay. The results suggested that the extracts had limited antimicrobial properties at up to 100 …