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Gene Silencing In Microalgae: Mechanisms And Biological Roles, Eun-Jeong Kim, Xinrong Ma, Heriberto Cerutti
Gene Silencing In Microalgae: Mechanisms And Biological Roles, Eun-Jeong Kim, Xinrong Ma, Heriberto Cerutti
Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty and Staff Publications
Microalgae exhibit enormous diversity and can potentially contribute to the production of biofuels and high value compounds. However, for most species, our knowledge of their physiology, metabolism, and gene regulation is fairly limited. In eukaryotes, gene silencing mechanisms play important roles in both the reversible repression of genes that are required only in certain contexts and the suppression of genome invaders such at transposons. The recent sequencing of several algal genomes is providing insights into the complexity of these mechanisms in microalgae. Collectively, glaucophyte, red, and green microalgae contain the machineries involved in repressive histone H3 lysine methylation, DNA cytosine …
Uridylation Of Mature Mirnas And Sirnas By The Mut68 Nucleotidyltransferase Promotes Their Degradation In Chlamydomonas, Fadia Ibrahim, Linda A. Rymarquis, Eun-Jeong Kim, James Becker, Eniko Balassa, Pamela J. Green, Heriberto D. Cerutti
Uridylation Of Mature Mirnas And Sirnas By The Mut68 Nucleotidyltransferase Promotes Their Degradation In Chlamydomonas, Fadia Ibrahim, Linda A. Rymarquis, Eun-Jeong Kim, James Becker, Eniko Balassa, Pamela J. Green, Heriberto D. Cerutti
Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty and Staff Publications
Regulation of gene expression by small RNAs (~20–30 nucleotides in length) plays an essential role in developmental pathways and defense responses against genomic parasites in eukaryotes. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) commonly direct the inactivation of cognate sequences through a variety of mechanisms, including RNA degradation, translation inhibition, and transcriptional repression. Recent studies have provided considerable insight into the biogenesis and the mode of action of miRNAs and siRNAs. However, relatively little is known about mechanisms of quality control and small RNA decay in RNA interference (RNAi) pathways. Here we show that deletion of MUT68, encoding a terminal …
Transgenic Induction Of Mitochondrial Rearrangements For Cytoplasmic Male Sterility In Crop Plants, Ajay Pal S. Sandhu, Ricardo V. Abdelnoor, Sally Ann Mackenzie
Transgenic Induction Of Mitochondrial Rearrangements For Cytoplasmic Male Sterility In Crop Plants, Ajay Pal S. Sandhu, Ricardo V. Abdelnoor, Sally Ann Mackenzie
Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty and Staff Publications
Stability of the mitochondrial genome is controlled by nuclear loci. In plants, nuclear genes suppress mitochondrial DNA rearrangements during development. One nuclear gene involved in this process is Msh1. Msh1 appears to be involved in the suppression of illegitimate recombination in plant mitochondria. To test the hypothesis that Msh1 disruption leads to the type of mitochondrial DNA rearrangements associated with naturally occurring cytoplasmic male sterility in plants, a transgenic approach for RNAi was used to modulate expression of Msh1 in tobacco and tomato. In both species, these experiments resulted in reproducible mitochondrial DNA rearrangements and a condition of male …
On The Origin And Functions Of Rna-Mediated Silencing: From Protists To Man, Heriberto D. Cerutti, Juan Casas-Mollano
On The Origin And Functions Of Rna-Mediated Silencing: From Protists To Man, Heriberto D. Cerutti, Juan Casas-Mollano
Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty and Staff Publications
Double-stranded RNA has been shown to induce gene silencing in diverse eukaryotes and by a variety of pathways. We have examined the taxonomic distribution and the phylogenetic relationship of key components of the RNA interference (RNAi) machinery in members of five eukaryotic supergroups. On the basis of the parsimony principle, our analyses suggest that a relatively complex RNAi machinery was already present in the last common ancestor of eukaryotes and consisted, at a minimum, of one Argonaute-like polypeptide, one Piwi-like protein, one Dicer, and one RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. As proposed before, the ancestral (but non-essential) role of these components may …