Digital Commons Network^™

Investigating The Effect Of Agronomic Factors On Microbiome Of Horticulture Produce, Maryada Bohra

ORBioM (Open Research BioSciences Meeting)

The ranged microbiome in fruits and vegetables contributes substantially to the health of vegetation which, in effect, benefits human health. These microorganisms undertake an extensive variety of responsibilities including flavour creation, ripening and health preservation via the production of second-generation metabolites. There is limited information however on the influence of agronomic practices such as crop ripening stage at harvest, storage, packing material and how they impact the microbiome of the crop itself. The overall role of the crop microbiome in gut health is also not fully clear.

The Meta-Hort project will examine the effects of premature harvesting along with tray …

Fruits Of Nandina Domestica Are (Sometimes) Cyanogenic And (Sometimes) Hazardous To Birds, Scott Zona

Poisonous Plant Research (PPR)

A 12-month survey of cyanogenesis in the fruits and leaves of Nandina domestica (Berberidaceae) revealed that the leaves are strongly cyanogenic throughout the year, as measured by the Feigl-Anger test. Fruits vary in their cyanogenic potential depending on the degree of ripeness and clone. Green fruits are strongly and rapidly cyanogenic, but most ripe fruits are weakly and slowly cyanogenic. Some fruits tested negative for cyanide. Fruits tend to become less cyanogenic the longer they remain on the plant, so birds feeding on older fruits are at a lower risk of poisoning. More than other frugivores, cedar waxwings (Bombycilla …

Fruit And Seed Macro- And Micromorphologies Of The Genus Matthiola (Brassicaceae) In Turkey And Their Taxonomic Value, Ayla Kaya, Murat Ünal, Abdurrahman Sefali, Esra Marti̇n

Turkish Journal of Botany

Macro- and micromorphological features of fruit and seeds belonging to 12 taxa genera of Matthiola W.T.Aiton were studied via stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. In macromorphological studies, the following variables were investigated: the shape, size, and color of fruit and seeds; the length of fruiting pedicel; the structure of the median vein; stigma (horns); and trichome properties and density in fruit. In micromorphological studies, the presence or absence of seed wings, seed coat pattern in disc and wing, and epidermal cell shape in disc and wing were determined. According to our findings, all characters of fruit and seeds are extremely …

A Common Genetic Mechanism Underlies Morphological Diversity In Fruits And Other Plant Organs, Shan Wu, Biyao Zhang, Neda Keyhaninejad, Gustavo R. Rodríguez, Hyun Jung Kim, Manohar Chakrabarti, Eudald Illa-Berenguer, Nathan K. Taitano, M. J. Gonzalo, Aurora Díaz, Yupeng Pan, Courtney P. Leisner, Dennis Halterman, C. Robin Buell, Yiqun Weng, Shelley H. Jansky, Herman Van Eck, Johan Willemsen, Antonio J Monforte, Tea Meulia, Esther Van Der Knaap

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications

Shapes of edible plant organs vary dramatically among and within crop plants. To explain and ultimately employ this variation towards crop improvement, we determined the genetic, molecular and cellular bases of fruit shape diversity in tomato. Through positional cloning, protein interaction studies, and genome editing, we report that OVATE Family Proteins and TONNEAU1 Recruiting Motif proteins regulate cell division patterns in ovary development to alter final fruit shape. The physical interactions between the members of these two families are necessary for dynamic relocalization of the protein complexes to different cellular compartments when expressed in tobacco leaf cells. Together with data …

Achene Morphology Of The Genus Cota J.Gay (Asteraceae)From Turkey And Its Taxonomic Significance, Mehmet Ufuk Özbek, Funda Özbek, Meci̇t Vural

Turkish Journal of Botany

Twenty-two taxa of the genus Cota J.Gay (Asteraceae) from Turkey were examined with a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) in order to describe their achene macro- and micromorphologies and to evaluate the diagnostic value of these features. The achenes are obpyramidal, obconical, and oblong. Achene width ranges from 0.26 to 1.68 mm and achene length from 1.13 to 3.46 mm. They show variation in color: brown, dark brown, grayish-brown, reddish-brown, purplish-brown, black, and purplish. All investigated species have slime cells, but prismatic cells on epicarpic cells are found only in two species. Four types of ornamentations were recognized via …

Studies In Blackberry: Development And Implementation Of A Phenotyping Protocol For Blackberry Seedling Populations And Impact Of Time Of Day Of Harvest On Red Drupelet Reversion For University Of Arkansas Blackberry Genotypes, Melinda Yin

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

There are two major public blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus rubus Watson) breeding programs in the United States: one at the University of Arkansas (UA) and another at the U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Horticultural Crops Research Unit (USDA-ARS HCRU) based in Corvallis, OR. The germplasm and breeding objectives of these two breeding programs are diverse, but frequent collaboration necessitated a standardized method of characterizing plant and fruit traits. A phenotyping protocol for blackberry was developed at UA and implemented for two years on UA seedling populations. The protocol included plant traits (health, vigor, estimated crop load, peak bloom …

Vegetable And Fruit Intake And Fracture-Related Hospitalisations: A Prospective Study Of Older Women, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Joshua R. Lewis, Amanda Devine, Richard J. Woodman, Wai H. Lim, Germaine Wong, Kun Zhu, Catherine P. Bondonno, Natalie C. Ward, Richard L. Prince

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The importance of vegetable and fruit intakes for the prevention of fracture in older women is not well understood. Few studies have explored vegetable and fruit intakes separately, or the associations of specific types of vegetables and fruits with fracture hospitalisations. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of vegetable and fruit intakes, separately, and specific types of vegetables and fruits with fracture-related hospitalisations in a prospective cohort of women aged ≥70 years. Vegetable and fruit intakes were assessed at baseline (1998) in 1468 women using a food frequency questionnaire. The incidence of fracture-related hospitalisations over 14.5 …

Genetic Determinism Of Xanthomonas Arboricola Pv. Pruni (Xap) Resistance, Fruit Quality, And Phenological Traits In Peach And Incorporation Of Marker-Assisted Selection (Mas) In The University Of Arkansas Peach And Nectarine Breeding Program, Terrence James Frett

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

For over two decades the incorporation of marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been discussed as an innovative approach to increase peach breeding efficiency. Although hundreds of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been identified, only a few have been converted into usable MAS tools. This highlights a disconnect between genomic discoveries and practical application in breeding programs, which has delayed use of MAS.

In this dissertation, three sequential steps were performed with the objective to bridge this gap and develop breeding-relevant DNA tests for MAS of fruit bacterial spot resistance (Xap1 and Xap6), fruit quality [blush (Rf), acidity (D), and acidity and …

Fruit Anatomy Of Some Ferulago (Apiaceae) Species In Turkey, Emi̇ne Akalin Uruşak, Çağla Kizilarslan

Turkish Journal of Botany

The genus Ferulago W.Koch is represented with 49 species in the world and 34 species in Turkey. In this study, comparative fruit anatomical properties based on mericarp shape in transverse section of 27 Ferulago species grown in Turkey are given. A description of Ferulago cypria H.Wolff, which was mentioned as a new record in an unpublished postdoctoral thesis, is also given. As a result of this study, we are able to identify and classify the species of this genus by using anatomical features of the fruit. In addition, an identification key has been prepared to represent the similarities and differences …

Influence Of Organic Groundcovers On Mycorrhizal Colonization And Symbiosis Of Organically Managed Fruit Crops, Raven Anai Bough, Curt R. Rom

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Ground covers have the potential to impact the crop rhizosphere biology, which includes organisms such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which in turn affect the crop host plant through symbiosis. There has been evidence that a ground cover that provides a suitable environment for colonization of AMF and subsequent symbiosis could be a tool in organic fruit production. The objective of this research was to compare colonization of AMF in strawberry plant (Frageria x ananassa cv. Radiance) and apple rootstocks (Malus x domestica, cv. M. 26) grown in a greenhouse affected by various ground cover treatments. Inoculation was achieved by …

Closely Paired Flowers Produce Single Fruit, W. John Hayden

Biology Faculty Publications

Perhaps one of the most striking features of partridge berry (Mitchella repens), the 2012 VNPS Wildflower of the Year, is its closely paired flowers that yield a single berry fruit (figure 1). That these fruits are double structures, formed by pairs of flowers, is revealed in the presence of two discrete rings of five sepals each on the fruit apex, or in some cases, by a single ring of 10 sepals. Viewed in isolation, without context, the nature of these double fruits may seem perplexing, but as in so many things, a comparative perspective helps to make sense …

Fruit And Seed Morphology Of Six Species Previously Placed In Malcolmia (Brassicaceae) In Turkey And Their Taxonomic Value, Ayla Kaya, Murat Ünal, Fevzi̇ Özgökçe, Beki̇r Doğan, Esra Marti̇n

Turkish Journal of Botany

The fruit and seed morphologies of 6 species previously placed in the genus Malcolmia W.T.Aiton were examined with stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to determine the significance of fruit and seed features as taxonomic characters. This study presents macro- and micromorphological characters, including fruit and seed shape, size, colour, fruiting pedicel size, fruit hair and density, seed coat pattern, epidermal cell shape, and anticlinal and periclinal cell walls. The results showed that the morphological characteristics of the fruit and seed could be used as criteria to distinguish genera and tribes. The investigated features of specimens indicated that …

Sp307-N-Selecting Quality Grapes, The University Of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service

Home Garden, Lawn, and Landscape

The grape is a very versatile fruit. The wide array of uses for it include fresh consumption (table grapes), raisins, jellies, jams, pies, juices, wines or blends with other fruits in numerous products. The degree of fruit ripeness needed will vary somewhat, depending on the intended use of the grapes. Therefore, an awareness of the ripening process and its impact on fruit quality is important for consumers as well as home and commercial grape growers. Grapes undergo many changes during the ripening process. As this process proceeds, it may be difficult to select the time at which the grape is …

Sp307-L-Selecting Quality Apples, The University Of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service

Home Garden, Lawn, and Landscape

Apples, often called the “King of Fruits,” are grown commercially and in home orchards in all parts of Tennessee. Most varieties of apples can be successfully grown, although some may present special challenges. The primary harvest period for Tennessee apples extends from about mid-August to mid or late October. Some producers have varieties which will ripen either earlier or later than this time. Growers having cold storage facilities can supply markets with quality apples for several months after harvest. Currently, no Tennessee apple growers are using controlled atmosphere facilities which allow storage of fruit for up to 10 or 12 …

Strawberries In The Garden, Brent Black, Michael Pace, Jerry Goodspeed

Gardening

No abstract provided.

Caneberry Irrigation, Dr. Brent Black, Dr. Robert Hill, Dr. Grant Cardon

Gardening

No abstract provided.

Sp307-K-Pruning Neglected Fruit Trees, The University Of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service

Home Garden, Lawn, and Landscape

When trees have not been properly pruned and trained, fruit yields and quality may decline. As trees grow taller and more dense, lower limbs and interior limbs lose their ability to produce quality fruit, due to increased shading. Many of these weakened limbs will die. Over time, most fruit will be produced in the outer periphery of the tree, primarily in the top, as this is the only area exposed to adequate sunlight.

These trees often can be pruned back and restored to a point where quality fruit may be obtained once again. It may require several years to restore …

Sp307-D-Fruit Tree Management Timetable, The University Of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service

Home Garden, Lawn, and Landscape

Fruit production is a “year-round” job. For optimum results, each task should be done at a specifi c time of the year. These are shown in the diagram on page 3.

Fruit Production In Utah, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Fruit Production, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Field Evaluation Of Herbicides On Vegetables And Small Fruits 2004, Ronald E. Talbert, Colleen M. Thomas, Brian V. Ottis, Andrew T. Ellis

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Herbicide evaluation studies on vegetables and small fruits were conducted in 2004 at the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station at Fayetteville, AR, in an effort to evaluate new herbicides, herbicide mixtures, and their application timings for weed control efficacy and crop tolerance. Results of these studies, in part, provide useful information to producers, fellow researchers, the Crop Protection Industry, and the IR-4 Minor Crop Pest Management Program in the development of potential new herbicide uses in vegetable, and fruit.

Pollinating Fruit Crops, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Common Insect Pests And Diseases On Fruit Trees In The Home Garden, Harald Hoffmann, Glynn Ward, Stewart Learmonth, Peter Wood

Bulletins 4000 -

Home gardeners frequently see insect pests and diseases affecting their fruit trees. Usually they would have seen them in previous seasons, so the pests or diseases look familiar. However, there are occasions, when an unusual pest (not native to Western Australia) can occur. These exotic pests are a concern for the farming community, as they could threaten the agricultural and horticultural industries and increase the price of production and the cost to the consumer.

This bulletin describes the most common insect pests and diseases on fruit trees in home gardens.

Field Evaluations Of Herbicides On Vegetable, Small Fruit, And Ornamental Crops, 2000, 2001, & 2002, Ron E. Talbert, Mike L. Lovelace, Eric F. Scherder, Mayank S. Malik

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Field evaluations of herbicides provide the chemical industry, governmental agencies, such as IR-4, and the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station with an evaluation of herbicide performance on small fruit, vegetable, and ornamental crops grown under Arkansas conditions. This report provides a means for disseminating information to interested private and public service weed scientists.

Horticultural Studies 2003, James A. Robbins, Brad Murphy, Mike Richardson

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

We are pleased to bring you the sixth edition of Horticultural Studies. This publication, beginning with Horticultural Studies 1998, has continued to bring to the citizens of Arkansas the latest reports about horticultural crop research being conducted throughout the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. Our goal with this publication was to bring annual up-to-date findings to the horticultural community in Arkansas so that you could utilize these new findings and/or contact the researchers for further information. We hope that this goal is being met. As editors, we strive to make this publication reader-friendly, timely, and hopefully of value to …

Field Evaluation Of Herbicides On Vegetables, Small Fruit, And Ornamental Crops 2003, Ronald E. Talbert, Brian V. Ottis, Mayank S. Malik, Andrew T. Ellis

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Herbicide evaluation studies on vegetables, small fruit, and ornamental crops were conducted in 2003 at the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station in Fayetteville, Ark., and the Vegetable Substation near Kibler, Ark., in an effort to evaluate new herbicides, herbicide mixtures, and their application timings for weed control efficacy and crop tolerance. Results of these studies, in part, provide useful information to producers, fellow researchers, the Crop Protection Industry, and the IR-4 Minor Crop Pest Management Program in the development of potential new herbicide uses in vegetable, fruit, and ornamental production.

Sexual And Asexual Reproductive Characteristics Of The North American Pawpaw [Asimina Triloba (L.) Dunal], Sheri Beth Crabtree

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

The North American Pawpaw [Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal] shows great potential as a new fruit crop. Kentucky State University in Frankfort, Ky. is the site for the USDA National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) for Asimina species. Both the fruit and the trees themselves are of high value to growers and nursery producers. Pawpaw cultivars are currently propagated by grafting or budding onto seedling rootstock; no method currently exists to clonally propagate pawpaw on its own roots. Three methods of layering were attempted in this study to clonally propagate pawpaw: trench layering, pot layering, and mound layering. Both trench layering …

Grape Varieties, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Pb1622-Disease And Insect Control In Home Fruit Plantings, The University Of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service

Home Garden, Lawn, and Landscape

Growing fruit in the home garden can be an interesting, fun and rewarding hobby. Many novices dream of plucking perfect fruit off trees in their yards. This does not happen without a great deal of work. Control of pests (insects and diseases) is an integral part of the care necessary to achieve good results.

This publication provides guidelines for spraying home fruit plantings, but good pest control is not possible if spraying is the only action taken. Cultural practices such as pruning, sanitation, variety selection and selecting open, sunny sites for planting are necessary for good pest control. Specific cultural …

Sp307-J-Landscaping With Fruit, The University Of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service

Home Garden, Lawn, and Landscape

Fruit and nut crops may be valuable additions to the landscape if proper attention is paid to crop selection, site preparation and cultural practices following planting. By adequately addressing these points, an edible landscape may become a reality. The following guidelines will assist you in determining which fruit and nut crops to use and where to plant them to meet your landscape objectives.