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Capparis Decidua Edgew (Forssk.) Stem Extract Alleviates The Water Stress Perturbations In Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) At Early Growth Stage, Muhammad Nawaz, Qasim Ali, Muhammad Azeem, Fehmina Asghar, Hasnain Ishaq, Naeem Iqbal, Sajid -Ur-Rahman

Journal of Bioresource Management

Water shortage is one of the major limiting factors of crop productivity worldwide. This study was planned to explore the impact of Capparis decidua stem extract on wheat varieties (FSD-2008, 12066 and 13348) under water stress condition. Water deficit condition negatively impacted the seedling germination, growth, photosynthetic pigments and ions uptake capacity. Water limited condition significantly (p≤0.05) increased time to attain 50% germination, lipid peroxidation, H₂O₂ and enhanced the antioxidant mechanism to overcome the oxidative stress. Different concentrations of C. decidua extract i.e. Not Soaking (NS), 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% were used for seed …

Improving Breeding Program Efficiency And Genetic Gain Through The Implementation Of Genomic Selection In Diverse Wheat Germplasm, Dylan Larkin

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Genomic selection (GS) is an important tool for increasing genetic gain for economically important traits in breeding programs. Genomic selection uses molecular markers across the entire genome in order to predict the performance of breeding lines for a trait of interest prior to phenotyping. A training population (TP) of elite germplasm, representative of the University of Arkansas wheat breeding program, was developed in order to predict important agronomic and Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance traits within the University of Arkansas wheat breeding program through cross-validation and forward prediction.

A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed on the TP to identify …

2021 Western Australian Crop Sowing Guide, Brenda Shackley, Blakely Paynter, Jackie Bucat, Georgina Troup, Mark Seymour, Andrew Blake

Bulletins 4000 -

This edition of the 2021 Crop Sowing Guide includes the major crops grown in WA - wheat, barley, canola, oat, lupins and pulses. The publication aims to provide information to support growers with decisions on the best choice of variety for each of the major crops for the upcoming season. The lupin and pulse sections also include an agronomy guide summary to support management decisions required for these high-valued crops. Market feedback for barley has been provided by GIWA to help with the decision on what to grow.

Arkansas Wheat Cultivar Performance Tests 2019-2020, R. E. Mason, R. G. Miller, D. E. Moon, J. P. Kelley, J. Carlin

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Wheat cultivar performance tests are conducted each year in Ark- ansas by the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture’s Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences. The tests provide informa- tion to companies developing cultivars and marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating cultivar recommendations for small-grain producers. The tests are conducted at the Northeast Research and Extension Center at Keiser, the Vegetable Substation near Kibler, the Lon Mann Cotton Research Station near Marianna, the Newport Extension Center near Newport, the Rohwer Research Station near Rohwer, the Pine …

Oat And Wheat Added To Annual Ryegrass Pasture To Improve The Seasonal Forage Offer, M. Arzadun, H. Laborde, D. Morris, L. Fernandez

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Genetic Mapping Of The Common And Dwarf Bunt Resistance Gene Bt12 Descending From The Wheat Landrace Pi119333, Almuth Elise Muellner, Babur Eshonkulov, Julia Hagenguth, Bernadette Pachler, Sebastian Michel, Maria Buerstmayr, David Hole, Hermann Buerstmayr

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

Common bunt (CB), caused by Tilletia caries and T. foetida, and dwarf bunt (DB), caused by T. controversa, are particularly destructive diseases of wheat grown under organic (low-input) production conditions and negatively affect both grain yield and quality. A total of 16 race specific bunt resistance genes have been proposed to date. Thereof, only Bt9 and Bt10 have been mapped so far. A mapping and two validation populations comprising 176 recombinant inbred lines were evaluated for CB and DB in artificially inoculated field trials. The mapping population was derived from the cross of the Bt12 carrier PI119333 and …

Genetic Characterization And Genome-Wide Association Mapping For Dwarf Bunt Resistance In Bread Wheat Accessions From The Usda National Small Grains Collection, Tyler Gordon, Rui Wang, David Hole, Harold Bockelman, J. Michael Bonman, Jianli Chen

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

Key message

Dwarf bunt-resistant bread wheat accessions and SNP markers associated with DB resistance identified in this study are valuable resources for characterization and deployment of DB resistance in bread wheat.

Abstract

Dwarf bunt (DB), caused by Tilletia controversa J.G. Kühn, can significantly reduce grain yield and quality on autumn-sown wheat in regions with prolonged snow cover. DB can be managed with the use of resistant cultivars. The objectives of the present study were to characterize DB resistance in a large set of bread wheat accessions from the National Small Grains Collection and use a genome-wide association study approach to …

Characterization Of Bacterial Endophytes Isolated From Brassica Carinata And Their Potential Use To Decrease Nutrient Requirements In Crops, Alex Soupir

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bacterial endophytes have the capability to enhance plant growth by producing plant growth hormones, solubilizing phosphates, suppressing pathogenic fungi, and reducing plant stress hormones. These capabilities make them desirable limiting the amount of nutrients and pesticides that are applied to crops. Through these assays and isolations, it is possible to identify novel bacterial species. In-vitro testing had shown 9 of the 20 isolates possess the ability to produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) with Pantoea agglomerans BC09 producing a concentration of 30.2 ng/μl over 4 days. BC09, Bacillus subilis BC10, and Pantoea sp. BC12 were able to solubilize calcium phosphate, 7 endophytes …

The Lateral Root Density Gene Regulates Root Growth During Water Stress In Wheat, Dante F. Placido, Jaspreet Sandhu, Shirley Sato, Natalya Nersesian, Truyen Quach, Thomas Clemente, Paul Staswick, Harkamal Walia

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Drought stress is the major limiting factor in agriculture. Wheat, which is the most widely grown crop in the world, is predominantly cultivated in drought-prone rainfed environments. Since roots play a critical role in water uptake, root response to water limitations is an important component for enhancing wheat adaptation. In an effort to discover novel genetic sources for improving wheat adaptation, we characterized a wheat translocation line with a chromosomal segment from Agropyron elongatum, a wild relative of wheat, which unlike common wheat maintains root growth under limited-water conditions. By exploring the root transcriptome data, we found that reduced …

The Lateral Root Density Gene Regulates Root Growth During Water Stress In Wheat, Dante F. Placido, Jaspreet Sandhu, Shirley Sato, Natalya Nersesian, Truyen Quach, Thomas E. Clemente, Paul E. Staswick, Harkamal Walia

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Drought stress is the major limiting factor in agriculture. Wheat, which is the most widely grown crop in the world, is predominantly cultivated in drought-prone rainfed environments. Since roots play a critical role in water uptake, root response to water limitations is an important component for enhancing wheat adaptation. In an effort to discover novel genetic sources for improving wheat adaptation, we characterized a wheat translocation line with a chromosomal segment from Agropyron elongatum, a wild relative of wheat, which unlike common wheat maintains root growth under limited-water conditions. By exploring the root transcriptome data, we found that reduced …

Large-Scale Dryland Cropping Systems, A. Schlegel, L. Haag, A. Burnett

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study was conducted from 2008–2019 at the Kansas State University Southwest Research- Extension Center near Tribune, KS. The purpose of the study was to identify whether more intensive cropping systems can enhance and stabilize production in rainfed cropping systems to optimize economic crop production, more efficiently capture and utilize scarce precipitation, and maintain or enhance soil resources and environmental quality. The crop rotations evaluated were continuous grain sorghum (SS), wheat-fallow (WF), wheat-corn-fallow (WCF), wheat-sorghum-fallow (WSF), wheat-corn-sorghum-fallow (WCSF), and wheat-sorghum-corn-fallow (WSCF). All rotations were grown using no-tillage practices except for WF, which was grown using reduced-tillage. The efficiency of precipitation …

Wheat Grain Yield Response To Seed Cleaning And Seed Treatment As Affected By Seeding Rate During The 2018–2019 Growing Season In Kansas, R. P. Lollato, K. Mark, B. R. Jaenisch, L. Haag

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this project was to evaluate winter wheat stand count and grain yield responses to the interactions among seeding rate, seed cleaning, and seed treatment in the state of Kansas during the 2018–2019 growing season. Experiments evaluating the response of the wheat variety “SY Monument” to three seeding rates (600,000, 900,000, and 1,200,000 seeds per acre), three seed cleaning intensities (none, air screen, and gravity table), and two seed treatments (none and insecticide + fungicide) were estab­lished in a split-split plot design conducted in a complete factorial experiment at seven Kansas locations. In-season measurements included stand count, grain …

Wheat Variety-Specific Grain Yield Response To Plant Density Under Intensive Management Conditions In Western Kansas, R. P. Lollato, K. Mark, B. R. Jaenisch

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seeding rate determines the first yield component of field crops, which is the plant population. However, wheat is less responsive to plant populations than other crops due to the high plasticity in tillering potential, and this responsiveness depends on resource availability. The objective of this project was to evaluate winter wheat popu­lation, grain yield, and grain test weight responses to seeding rate and its interaction with variety in a highly managed production system where manageable stresses were limited. Experiments evaluating the response of the wheat varieties ‘Joe,’ ‘WB-Grain­field,’ ‘Langin,’ and ‘LCS Revere’ to seeding rates ranging from 200,000–1,000,000 seeds per …

Identification, Aggressiveness And Mycotoxin Production Of Fusarium Graminearum And F. Boothii Isolates Causing Fusarium Head Blight Of Wheat In Nebraska, Esteban Valverde-Bogantes

Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is an economically important disease caused by several Fusarium species affecting wheat. Besides causing significant yield losses, infected grain may be contaminated with mycotoxins, primarily trichothecenes, that are harmful to both humans and animals. In recent years, reports of shifts in FHB pathogen populations in North America have highlighted the need for increased vigilance. This dissertation describes a four-year survey evaluating the species, trichothecene genotype and phenotypic diversity of FHB pathogens infecting Nebraska wheat. Most of the isolates were identified as F. graminearum (n=67). Additional species included F. boothii (n=3), F. poae (n=2) and F. acuminatum …

Functional Analysis Of Squamosa-Promoter Binding Protein Like 13 In Controlling Flowering Time, Plant Architecture, Grain Size, And Grain Number In Wheat, Ajay Gupta

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Higher and stable yield is always a major objective of wheat genetic improvement programs. The SQUAMOSA-promoter binding protein-like (SPL) genes constitute a small family of plant-specific transcription factors with diverse functions in plant development and growth and have great potential in improving yield and other major agronomic traits. However, the functional characterization of the SPL gene family in wheat is far behind other cereal crops such as rice. Using phylogenetic analysis, we identified 56 wheat orthologues of rice SPL genes belonging to 19 homoeologous groups. Among these 19 orthologous TaSPL genes, nine harbor the micro RNA 156 recognition element (MRE) …

Wheat Grain Yield And Grain Protein Concentration Response To Nitrogen Rate During The 2018–2019 Growing Season In Kansas, Romulo P. Lollato, Kavan E. Mark, Brent R. Jaenisch

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this project was to evaluate winter wheat grain yield and grain protein concentration responses to nitrogen (N) rate in the state of Kansas during the 2018–2019 growing season. Experiments evaluating the response of the wheat variety Zenda to four nitrogen rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 lb N/a) were established at four locations. In-season measurements included flag leaf N concentration, grain yield, yield components, and grain protein concentration. Flag leaf N concentration ranged from 2.4 to 4.1% across all environments and treatments, and increases in N rates increased flag leaf N concentration linearly. Grain yield ranged from …

Southeast Kansas Crop Production Summary - 2019, G. F. Sassenrath, L. Mengarelli, J. Lingenfelser, X. Lin, E. Adee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This is a summary of the crop production conditions in southeast Kansas in 2019, and the results of the variety testing for corn, soybean, sorghum, sunflower, and wheat.

Winter Wheat Variety-Specific Response To The Combination Of Nitrogen And Foliar Fungicide In 2018–2019, R. P. Lollato, K. Mark, B. R. Jaenisch

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Yield improvements to wheat can result both from variety selection and adoption of improved management practices. However, the yield response to improved manage­ment practices can be variety-specific and can result in decreases in protein concen­tration. Our objectives were to evaluate the yield and protein responses of different commercial winter wheat varieties to increased nitrogen (N) rates and application of foliar fungicides. We conducted a trial combining 20 winter wheat varieties and two management level intensities. The standard management consisted of N applied for a 75 bushel per acre yield goal and no fungicide; and intensive management consisted of an additional …

Wheat Grain Yield And Protein Concentration Response To Nitrogen And Sulfur Rates, Brent R. Jaenisch, Tara Wilson, Nathan O. Nelson, Mary Guttieri, Romulo P. Lollato

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Winter wheat is often double-cropped after soybeans in no-tillage systems. The soybean crop removes large quantities of sulfur (S), which might cause S deficiency for the following wheat crop. Our objective was to evaluate the responses of three wheat varieties to three nitrogen (N) and four S fertilizer rates representing a range of N:S ratios. The experiment was conducted near Ashland Bottoms and Hutchinson, KS. Treatments were arranged as a complete factorial structure with a split-split-plot design. Variety was the whole-plot, N was the sub-plot, and S was the sub-sub plot. Nitrogen rates were 50, 100, and 150% of the …

Response To Mixing Wheat Seed With Fertilizer In The Drill At Planting, C. Weber, D. A. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Mixing dry phosphorus (P) fertilizer with winter wheat seed is common in Kansas to provide a starter fertilizer benefit to the crop. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of dry P sources, rates, and times fertilizer mixed with wheat seed, effects on early growth and overall productivity and yield of the crop. Two winter wheat studies were conducted in the 2018–2019 wheat growing season at Manhattan (site 1) and Topeka (site 2) Kansas. The previous crop for site 1 was soybean and corn at site 2. The winter wheat was no-till drilled at 70 lb/a and mixed with …

Wheat And Grain Sorghum In Four-Year Rotations, A. Schlegel, J. Holman, A. Burnett

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In 1996, an effort began to quantify soil water storage, crop water use, and crop pro­ductivity on dryland systems in western Kansas. Research on 4-year crop rotations with wheat and grain sorghum was initiated at the Southwest Research-Extension Center near Tribune, KS. Rotations were wheat-wheat-sorghum-fallow (WWSF), wheat-sorghum-sorghum-fallow (WSSF), and continuous wheat (WW). Soil water at wheat planting averaged about 9 in. following sorghum, which is about 3 in. more than the average for the second wheat crop in a WWSF rotation. Soil water at sorghum planting was only about 1.5 in. less for the second sorghum crop compared to sorghum …

Kansas Fertilizer Research 2020, D. A. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A summary of research conducted in 2018-2020 on fertilizer use and management practices for crops in Kansas. Published in 2020 from the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Servicehttps://www.ag.k-state.edu/.

Wheat Growth Monitoring And Yield Estimation Based On Multi-Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, Zhaopeng Fu, Jie Jang, Yang Gao, Brian Krienke, Meng Wang, Kaitai Zhong, Qiang Cao, Yongchao Tian, Yan Zhu, Weixing Cao, Xiaojun Liu

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Leaf area index (LAI) and leaf dry matter (LDM) are important indices of crop growth. Real-time, nondestructive monitoring of crop growth is instructive for the diagnosis of crop growth and prediction of grain yield. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based remote sensing is widely used in precision agriculture due to its unique advantages in flexibility and resolution. This study was carried out on wheat trials treated with different nitrogen levels and seeding densities in three regions of Jiangsu Province in 2018–2019. Canopy spectral images were collected by the UAV equipped with a multi-spectral camera during key wheat growth stages. To verify the …