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The Effect Of Temperature On Seed Quality And Quantity In Crosses Between European (Populus Tremula) And Hybrid Aspens (P. Tremula X P. Tremuloides), L. Koviuranta, T. Latva-Karjanmaa, P. Pulkkinen

Aspen Bibliography

Hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. Populus tremuloides Michx.) plantations are expanding in Fennoscandia and the Baltic countries; however, the possible effects of plantations on the native European aspen (P. tremula) and the level of gene flow between European and hybrid aspen have not been investigated. We studied seed quantity and quality in intraspecific and interspecific crosses of the European and hybrid aspens over a two year period. In order to study whether elevated temperatures due to climate change would benefit the species differently, we performed the crosses in different temperatures. In both years, interspecific crosses produced more seeds with higher …

Effect Of Silicon On Plant Growth And Drought Stress Tolerance, Kaerlek W. Janislampi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Silicone is a silicon-containing synthetic polymer. Silicon is a metalloid chemical element. Silicon is not considered an essential nutrient for plants, but it is typically abundant in soils and can be taken up in large amounts by plant roots. Silicon is known to have beneficial effects when added to the soil in which rice and several other plants are cultivated. These beneficial effects include disease and insect resistance, plant structural fortification, and regulation of the uptake of other plant nutrients. Silicic acid is the form of silicon in soils that is available to plants. In this study, the effect of …

Effects Of Slash Pile Burning After Restoring Conifer- Encroached Aspen, Christa M. Dagley, John-Pascal Berrill, Stephanie Coppeto, Kyle Jacobson

Aspen Bibliography

Removal of conifers encroaching aspen stands has been advocated and is being practiced in the Lake Tahoe Basin (EIP Project #10080: Aspen Community Restoration Projects). In remote and roadless areas, thinning of conifers is generating large volumes of wood and pile burning is currently being implemented to handle this biomass on site. However, the effects of pile burning on aspen are unknown, and there is an urgent need for guidelines to support design of thinning treatment prescriptions; specifically burn pile size and safe distances from live aspen trees of any size to prevent injury.

Streptomycin Resistance Of Erwinia Amylovora, Causal Agent Of Fire Blight, Claudia Nischwitz

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Growth And Physiological Responses Of Maize And Sorghum Genotypes To Salt Stress, Youping Sun, Wenwei Xu, Denise Rodriguez, Youping Sun

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

The growth and physiological responses of four maize inbred lines (CUBA1, B73, B5C2, and BR1) and four sorghum hybrids (SS304, NK7829, Sordan 79, and KS585) to salinity were determined. Fifteen days after sowing, seedlings were irrigated with nutrient solution (control) at electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.5 dS m−1 or saline solution at EC of 8.0 dS m−1 (salt treatment) for 40 days. Dry weight of shoots in maize was reduced by 58%, 65%, 62%, and 69% in CUBA1, B73, B5C2, and BR1, respectively, while that of sorghum was reduced by 51%, 56%, 56%, and 76% in SS304, NK7829, Sordan79, and …

Lawn Fertilizers For Cool Season Turf, Taun Beddes, Kelly Kopp

All Current Publications

Lawns provide a durable and functional surface for many outdoor activities while adding beauty to the landscape. For these reasons, a healthy, green lawn is the goal of many homeowners and landscape managers. Keeping a lawn healthy and green may require many management practices such as mowing, irrigation and aerification. Often, these practices will include fertilizing with supplemental nutrients at various times during the growing season. This promotes optimum turf color, improves re-growth, and increases tolerance to wear, drought, insects and disease. The broad number of fertilizer options available from retailers can make choosing a fertilizer difficult. However, choosing an …

Measurement Of The Respiratory Quotient Of Peat, Jake Nelson

Hydroponics/Soilless Media

Respiratory quotient (RQ) is the ratio of CO₂ produced to O₂ consumed by an organism. Complete respiration of glucose will give an RQ of 1 as described by the formula C_nH_2nO_n+nO₂→nCO₂+nH₂O. The respiration of molecules with lower oxygen content, such as lipids, give RQ values of less than one, whereas in cases of anaerobic metabolism, an increase in biomass or the respiration of substances such as humic, oxalic and citric acids the respiratory quotient can be greater than one. In complex systems such as soil, Dilly …

A Comparison Of Methods For Measuring Co2 And O2, Jake Nelson

Techniques and Instruments

Understanding the dynamics of respiratory gasses gives critical insight into the metabolic processes of a biological system. An efficient and effective means of measuring respiration is essential to understanding aspects of the biosphere. Many methods have been developed for measuring changes in CO₂ and O₂, both as integrated systems and as individual components. Many experiments use an alkali trap with subsequent titration as an inexpensive method for CO₂ measurement. Haney et al. (2008) compared the titration method against infrared gas analysis (IRGA) and found them to be highly correlated, with r²=0.95. The use of …

Genetic Characterization Of Fine-Leaved Festuca Valesiaca Germplasm And Evaluation Of Their Relationship To The Festuca Ovina Complex, Yingmei Ma

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Fine-leaved Festuca valesiaca has stress tolerance. However, its agronomic performance in the western United States and its genetic relationship to species of the Festuca ovina complex has not been investigated. Also, natural hybridization makes them difficult to identify. Given the species' potentials, our project was designed to identify Festuca valesiaca accessions that possess high biomass and seed yield and to examine their relatedness with the Festuca ovina complex.

The Festuca valesiaca accessions examined produced many small seeds. Seed production was correlated with the total biomass, plant height, and plant vigor. The Festuca valesiaca accessions examined were shorter than the control …

Geographical Distribution And Survival Of Iris Yellow Spot Virus In Spiny Sowthistle, Sonchus Asper, In Georgia, Claudia Nischwitz

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Concentrated Flow Erodibility For Physically Based Erosion Models: Temporal Variability In Disturbed And Undisturbed Rangelands, Osama Z. Al-Hamdan, Frederick B. Pierson, Mark A. Nearing, C. Jason Williams, Jeffry J. Stone, Patrick R. Kormos, Jan Boll, Mark A. Weltz

Articles

Current physically based overland flow erosion models for rangeland application do not separate disturbed and undisturbed conditions in modeling concentrated flow erosion. In this study, concentrated flow simulations on disturbed and undisturbed rangelands were used to estimate the erodibility and to evaluate the performance of linear and power law equations that describe the relationship between erosion rate and several hydraulic parameters. None of the hydraulic parameters consistently predicted the detachment capacity well for all sites, however, stream power performed better than most of other hydraulic parameters. Using power law functions did not improve the detachment relation with respect to that …

Arbor Text, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Annual Flowers For Utah Gardens, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Pink Root Of Onion, Claudia Nischwitz

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Facilitation Drives Mortality Patterns Along Succession Gradients Of Aspen-Conifer Forests, W. John Calder, Samuel B. St. Clair

Aspen Bibliography

While it is well established that facilitation and competition are important structuring forces in plant communities, a clear understanding of the interactions between them and how they change through the life stages of plants and affect long-term plant community development is lacking. We have observed that conifer seedlings are rarely found growing in meadows but readily establish under adjacent aspen stands, particularly at the base of aspen trees, creating the potential for antagonistic interactions in later life stages. To examine these relationships and their potential consequences on forest community development, we characterized patterns of establishment, regeneration, and overstory mortality of …

In Vitro Regeneration Of Rudbeckia Hirta ‘Plainview Farm’ From Leaf Tissue, Youping Sun, Lijuan Han, Donglin Zhang

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

Rudbeckia hirta ‘Plainview Farm’, a new multiple-layered ray flowered cultivar, shows potential for potted plant production. After years of seed germination, this specific flower morphological trait was still unstable from generation to generation. To maintain its unique features, leaf sections (0.25 cm2 ) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with either BA (0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg·L1 ), KIN (2.5, 5, or 10 mg·L-1 ), or ZT (0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg·L-1 )toinduce callus and microshoots. After cultivation for 33 days, all cytokinin treatments significantly induced callus and the callus size were 1.5- to-2.4-fold bigger than those …

Determining Compost Carryover For Optimal Use In An Organic Corn Squash Rotation, Davey J.R. Olsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In 2008–2011 a graduate project was undertaken by Davey Olsen under the supervision of Utah State University (USU) Plant, Soils and Climate professors, Drs. Jennifer Reeve, Dan Drost, and Astrid Jacobson. The project investigated a new way of measuring the benefits of applying compost to organically certified horticultural crops. In particular, the carryover of these benefits in the three years following a one-time application was studied. A field trial at the USU Organic Farm modeled the carryover of nitrogen and phosphorus in a corn and squash rotation, while laboratory analysis investigated aspects of nitrogen availability and compost decomposition over time. …

Root-Knot Nematodes In Golf Course Greens Of The Western United States, Claudia Nischwitz

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Roses For Utah Landscapes, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Glycolate Oxidase Modulates Reactive Oxygen Species–Mediated Signal Transduction During Nonhost Resistance In Nicotiana Benthamiana And Arabidopsis, Clemencia M. Rojas, Muthappa Senthil-Kumar, Keri Wang, Choong-Min Ryu, Amita Kaundal, Kirankumar S. Mysore

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

In contrast to gene-for-gene disease resistance, nonhost resistance governs defense responses to a broad range of potential pathogen species. To identify specific genes involved in the signal transduction cascade associated with nonhost disease resistance, we used a virus-induced gene-silencing screen in Nicotiana benthamiana, and identified the peroxisomal enzyme glycolate oxidase (GOX) as an essential component of nonhost resistance. GOX-silenced N. benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana GOX T-DNA insertion mutants are compromised for nonhost resistance. Moreover, Arabidopsis gox mutants have lower H2O2 accumulation, reduced callose deposition, and reduced electrolyte leakage upon inoculation with hypersensitive response–causing nonhost pathogens. Arabidopsis gox mutants were not …

Two New Species Of Trigonotylus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Stenodemini) From Western Canada And Northwestern United States, G G.E. Scudder, Michael D. Schwartz

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

No abstract provided.

The Frying Pan Or The Fire: Public Attitudes About Using Herbicides To Manage Invasive Weeds, Mariah Evans, Kimberly Rollins

Articles

How do we balance risks? This paper assesses hypotheses derived from instrumental rationality and risk society theories about the reasoning strategies that people will use to develop views supportive or oppositional to the use of herbicides to manage cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), an invasive weed. Cheatgrass is well-known in the population of the American West to increase wildfire risks substantially and to harm the environment in other ways. But are the cures worse than the disease? One demonstrably effective method of cheatgrass suppression is the use of herbicides, and the paper explores sources of support for and opposition to …

Retrofitting Older Growth Chambers To Improve Ppf, Electrical Efficiency And Uniformity, Jacob A. Nelson, Bruce Bugbee

Controlled Environments

A how-to guide on how to retrofit older growth chambers to improve PPF, electrical efficiency and uniformity.

Effect Of Silicon On Plant Growth And Drought Stress Tolerance, Kaerlek W. Janislampi

Publications

Silicon is not considered an essential nutrient, but it is typically abundant in soils and can be taken up in large amounts by plants. Silicon is known to have beneficial effects when added to rice and several other plants. These effects include disease and insect resistance, structural fortification, and regulation of the uptake of other ions. In this study, the effect of silicic acid fertilization on the growth and drought tolerance of four crop plants (corn, wheat, soybean, and rice) was analyzed. Plants were studied using three cultivation techniques: 1) hydroponic solution and subjected to salt stress, 2) low-silicon soil-less …

Carbon Use Efficiency: Adaptation To Changing Environments, Jonathan Frantz, Bruce Bugbee

Techniques and Instruments

Most shade adaptation occurred within two days during vegetative phase.

Up to 12 days were required for complete adaptation.

Different species adapted differently.

Livestock Foraging Behavior In Response To Sequence And Interactions Among Alkaloids, Tannins, And Saponins, Tiffany L. Jensen

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Fine-Scale Habitat Associations In Structuring Spider Assemblages: Determinants Of Spatial Patterns In Community Compostion, Stephanie M. Cobbold

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

No abstract provided.

Ornamental Grasses, Larry A. Sagers

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Summer Flowering Bulbs, Larry Sagers

Archived Gardening Publications

No abstract provided.

Understanding Precision Nitrogen Stress To Optimize The Growth And Lipid Content Tradeoff In Green Algae, Curtis Adams, Bruce Bugbee

Algae and Biofuel

Precision N stress can be used to optimize growth and lipid content tradeoffs. Optimization requires low-level stress for some, high-level for others. Species selection should be broadened to include concurrent growth and lipid accumulation, as well as response to minimal N stress. N deprivation is a viable method for increasing lipid productivity. There is great promise among the natural species.