Digital Commons Network^™

Diet Selection, Diet Quality, Dry Matter Intake And Growth Rate Of Cattle Grazing Tropical Grass-Legume, D B. Coates, A J. Ash, R W. Mclean

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Dietary attributes and growth of cattle grazing tropical grass-legume pastures were ex.amined in 2 experiments in northern Queensland. Pastures oversown with legume gave substantial improvements in dietary ,nitrogen, digestibility and dry mauer intake compared with native 1rass pasture. On phosphorus (P)-deficient soils, applying P fertiliser or supplementing with P, improved P jntake, feed intake and growth rate of .cattle. Once nitrogen and P deficiencies were overcome, it was com:luded that diet digestibility was the main factor limiting the growth. of cattle and that the severity of this limitation was determined primarily by seasonal conditions.

Evaluation Of Setaria Sphacelata Var. Splendida In Mediterranean Irrigated Conditions. Ii. Effect Of Cutting Frequency On Growth Pattern And Yield, P C. Tenreiro

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Growth pattern, yield and forage productivity of irrigated Setaria sphacelata var. splendida under mediterranean conditions were studied under 3 cutting frequencies, 14, 28 and 56 days, and without cutting. Increases in cutting frequency had a detrimental effect on yield and forage productivity. Higher total biomass production (1.6S8 kg DM/m2), crop growth rate (21.S g/m2/day), LAI (4,8) and radiation use efficiency (1.1 g DM/MJ) were observed at S6 days cutting interval. The highest biomass production (3,295 kg DM/m2) was found with uninterrupted growth. Biomass production at 56 days interval was similar to that found with maize and sorghum but forage productivity …

Seasonal Distribution Of Forage Yield From A "Natural" Pasture Under Rotational Grazing, W R. Kanneganti, T R. Dhiman, R P. Walgenbach, L Massingill, M P. Russelle, L D. Satter

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A 2-yr grazing study was conducted to quantify forage available daily for cattle intake from a natural pasture managed under rotational grazing. Grazing was initiated around 1 May, and was managed with a rotation length of about 17 d each for cycles 1 and 2, and 30 d each for the rest. In 1994, under adequate moisture conditions, forage availability during 5/1-6/1, 6/1-8/15, 8/15-9/15, and 9/15-10/ 15 was 77, 66, 38 and 14 kg DM ha-1 d-1, respectively, resulting in a total yield of 8580 kg ha-1 in 175 d. In 1995, a prolonged period of dry summer reduced the …

Impact Of A Pastoral Fallow On The Morphology And Growth Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) In New Zealand Hill Pasture, Z N. Nie, I Valentine, D J. Barker, A D. Mackay, J Hodgson

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Lifting the content and improving the distribution of perennial legumes such as white clover (Trifolium repens L.) of hill pastures in New Zealand is a major objective of a pasture improvement programme. This paper reports on the ecology of white clover over a 2 year post-fallow period. The fallow was a 7 month period without defoliation over spring-summer-autumn. The stolon length and weight of white clover increased from year 1 (94/95) to year 2 (95/ 96) post-fallowing (P<0.1 and 0.05, respectively), while the average internode length declined (P<0.05). However, the white clover growth rate was not significantly increased in the two measurement years. Fallowing significantly increased grass growth rate (P<0.05) in the two years post-fallowing. The grasses seemed to have an immediate response post-fallowing, while the response of white clover was slower and cumulative.

Assessing The Impact Of Dietary Addition Of Lignin On Growth Performance, Nitrogen Balance And Faecal Microorganisms In Grain-Fed Veal Calves, L E. Phillip, E S. Idziak

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A study was conducted with ALCELLR - lignin (A-lignin) to evaluate its impact on performance of grain- fed veal calves. Thirty two male calves (avg. initial wt, 190 kg) were fed for 13 weeks grain corn and a protein supplement with added A-lignin to supply 0, 1.25%, 2.5% or 5.0% of diet. Eight other calves were used to study nitrogen balance, and grab samples of faeces were analyzed for anaerobic, aerobic and coliform bacteria. A-lignin at 1.25% of diet increased (p<.01) weight gain by 12%. Addition of A-lignin also decreased (p< 0.01) organic matter digestion, increased (p<.01) faecal N excretion but did not significantly alter N balance. A-lignin reduced (p< 0.01) faecal ammonia concentration but increased (p <.01) DM content of grab samples of faeces; there were no significant effects on populations of faecal microorganisms. The study revealed a beneficial effect of A-lignin on calf growth but the reason for the response was not uncovered.

Morphological Development Rates Of Perennial Forage Grasses, R B. Mitchell, L E. Moser, K J. Moore, D D. Redfearn

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this study was to determine the rate of change in the morphological development of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman). Pure stands of each species were sampled at weekly intervals in 1990 and 1991 at Mead, NE, and morphologically classified as mean stage count (MSC) and mean stage weight (MSW). Linear day of the year equations accounted for 94% of the variation in switchgrass MSC and MSW. Switchgrass MSC and MSW increased at an average rate of 0.0204 and 0.0234 units per day, respectively. Linear day of the year equations accounted …

Physiological And Chemical Characteristics Of Five Cultivars Of Cynodon, C C.C. Gomide, L.R. De A. Rodrigues, T.De J.D. Rodrigues, R A. Reis, D A. Banzatto

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The experiment was carried out at UNESP, Brazil, to evaluate five Cynodon cultivars: (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst cv “Tifton 68”, Cynodon spp. cv “Tifton 85”, Cynodon dactylon cv “Florakirk”, Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. nlemfuensis cv “Florico” e Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst var. nlemfuensis cv “Florona”). Plants were sampled once a week from 14 to 84 days of growth to study physiological characteristics and at 14-day intervals to study chemical characteristics. The following variables were studied: DM production, leaf/stem ratio, leaf weight/total dry matter ratio, relative growth rate, chlorophyll contents, leaf area, specific leaf area, LAI, and the contents of CP, NDF, …

The Effect Of Nitrogen Fertilisation On The Morphological Development And Growth Rate Of Star Grass (Cynodon Nlemfuensis), P. P. Del Pozo, R. S. Herrera, A. Hameleers

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Nitrogen is one of the main inputs used in forage production systems to increase productivity. However, in Cuba, the availability of fertiliser N is limited and therefore if applied, needs to be used with high efficiency. Previous studies (Johnson, 2001, Del Pozo, 2003) investigated the effects of N on growth, carbohydrate and protein content but did not consider morphological changes in Cynodon nlemfuensis. A study was therefore undertaken investigating how N application influences morphological development of the plant and how these changes might affect the efficiency of use of applied N.

Forecast Of Herbage Production Under Continuous Grazing, K. Søegaard, J. Berntsen, K. A. Nielsen, I. Thysen

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The utilization of pasture is very sensitive to oscillations in herbage growth. The farmer’s daily planning involves decisions on pasture use as well as on the amount and composition of supplement feeding. In this planning, expected daily growth rate is an important factor. Often the knowledge and experience about the growth rate is first available after changes in management should have been made. A different growth rate than expected should lead to changes in the grazing area or in the supplement feeding. Therefore, a simple model of grass/clover growth under grazing and irrigated conditions was developed. From spring 2004, the …

Evaluation Of Ten Tropical Grasses In The Northwest Region Of The State Of São Paulo-Brazil, C. V. Soares Filho, L. R. De A. Rodrigues

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The experiment was carried out in the northwest region of the State of São Paulo-Brazil to evaluate ten grasses recently introduced in the region. The grasses studied were: Cynodon nlemfuensis cv. Tifton 68, C. dactylon cv. Tifton 78, Cynodon spp. cv. Tifton 85, C. dactylon cv. Florakirk, C. nlemfuensis cv. Florico, C. nlemfuensis cv. Florona, C. dactylon cv. Coastcross, Paspalum notatum cv. Tifton 9, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia 1. The following variables were determined: DM production, growth rate, IVDMD, CP, ADF and NDF.

The GRs varied from 81 to 102 and from 14 to 26 Kg …

Effects Of Conservative Tillage On The Productive Performance Of Hunnigreen On The Fallow Of Wheat Stubbles, Hai Wang, Kuanhu Dong

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Turf Performance Of 19 Tall Fescue Varieties During Summer Stress, Zhiming Yang, Zhihua Li

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Study On Cross‐Breeding Of Zoysia Willd., Hailin Guo, Jianxiu Liu, Aigui Guo

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Planting Date On The Dry Matter Production Of Italian And Westerwolds Ryegrass In The Southern Cape Of South Africa, Philip R. Botha, Janke Van Der Colf, Lethukuthula B. Zulu, Pieter A. Swanepoel

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Perennial pasture species such as lucerne (Medicago sativa), kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and perennial clovers (Trifolium spp.) make an important contribution to the fodder flow programmes for dairy production in the southern Cape. One of the main challenges when these species make up the primary pasture base within a pasture system is the mutually low growth rates during winter (Van Heerden et al., 1989; Swanepoel et al., 2014). In order to bridge pasture shortages during the critical winter months, producers establish annual Italian (Lolium multiflorum var. italicum …

Effect Of Nitrogen Fertiliser Applications On Botanical Composition, Lydia R. Turner, Daniel J. Donaghy, Keith G. Pembleton, Richard P. Rawnsley

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The diminishing returns associated with nitrogen (N) fertiliser use over time are well recognised, as are the detrimental effect to the environment of excess N fertiliser use (Eckard 1998). However, many Tasmanian dairy farmers apply continually high rates of N fertiliser (e.g. in excess of 500 kg/ha annually) to minimise risk associated with variable pasture dry matter (DM) yields, and this often occurs at the expense of white clover populations within the pasture (Frame 1990; Frame et al. 1998). The responses of botanical composition and perennial ryegrass DM yields to N fertiliser application rate were investigated in the …

Growth Of Bali Bulls On Rations Containing Sesbania Grandiflora In Central Lombok, Indonesia, H. Dahlanuddin, Baiq Tutik Yuliana, Tanda Panjaitan, Michael J. Halliday, H. Max Shelton

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The demand for meat in Indonesia is currently growing by up to 8% per year, with beef cattle fattening identified as a major livestock industry (Purwantara et al. 2012). Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) account for almost 27% of total beef cattle in Indonesia; they are the predominant breed in the eastern islands and are highly favoured by smallholder farmers for their high fertility, low calf mortality and generally higher price at markets (Purwantara et al. 2012). Lombok in west Nusa Tenggara is one of the biggest suppliers of Bali cattle in Indonesia.

A major constraint to …

Seed Biology And Yield Of Grain Crops, Dennis B. Egli

Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Book Gallery

Description from CABI (Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International):

This new edition of an established title examines the determination of grain crop yield from a unique perspective, by concentrating on the influence of the seed itself. As the food supply for an expanding world population is based on grain crops harvested for their seeds, understanding the process of seed growth and its regulation is crucial to our efforts to increase production and meet the needs of that population. Yield of grain crops is determined by their assimilatory processes such as photosynthesis and the biosynthetic processes in the seed, which are …