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Dynamics Of Anisotropic Gold Nanopartilces In Synthetic And Biopolymer Solutions, Sharmine Alam

Wayne State University Dissertations

Soft matter is a subfield of condensed matter physics including systems such as polymers, colloids, amphiphiles and liquid crystals. Understanding their interaction and dynamics is essential for many interdisciplinary fields of study as well as important for technological advancements. We used gold nanorods (AuNRs) to investigate the length-scale dependent dynamics in semidilute polymer solutions, their conjugation and interaction with a protein bovine serum albumin (BSA), and the effect of shape anisotropy on the dynamics within a crowded solution of spheres. Multiphoton fluctuation correlation spectroscopy (MP-FCS) technique was used to investigate the translation and rotational diffusion of AuNRs. For polymer solutions, …

Interaction Forces And Reaction Kinetics Of Ligand-Cell Receptor Systems Using Atomic Force Microscopy, Anwesha Sarkar

Wayne State University Dissertations

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) provides superior imaging resolution and the ability to measure forces at the nanoscale. It is an important tool for studying a wide range of bio-molecular samples from proteins, DNA to living cells. We developed AFM measurement procedures to measure protein interactions on live cells at the single molecular level. These measurements can be interpreted by using proper statistical approaches and can yield important parameters about ligand-receptor interactions on live cells. However, the standard theory for analyzing rupture force data does not fit the experimental rupture force histograms. Most of the experimental measurements of rupture force data …

Estimating Cold Nuclear Matter Effects Using Jets In P-Pb Collisions At √Snn = 5.02 Tev With The Alice Detector, Christopher Ghanim Yaldo

Wayne State University Dissertations

In heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC, a suppression of the nuclear modifi- cation factor for jets along with other strongly interacting particles has been observed relative to proton-proton collisions. To unambiguously determine if this suppression is due to the creation of a strongly interacting medium of de-confied partons referred to as the Quark-Gluon Plasma, or due to Cold Nuclear Matter effects, a "control experiment" is required. Proton-lead collisions serve as this control experiment, because these colli- sions are expected to be sensitive to cold nuclear matter effects while not producing a QGP at this collision energy (√sNN = …

Dynamics Of Biopolymers On Nanomaterials Studied By Quasielastic Neutron Scattering And Mdsimulations, Gurpreet Dhindsa

Wayne State University Dissertations

Neutron scattering has been proved to be a powerful tool to study the dynamics of biological systems under various conditions. This thesis intends to utilize neutron scattering techniques, combining with MD simulations, to develop fundamental understanding of several biologically interesting systems. Our systems include a drug delivery system containing Nanodiamonds with nucleic acid (RNA), and two specific model proteins, β-Casein and Inorganic Pyrophosphatase (IPPase).

RNA and nanodiamond (ND) both are suitable for drug-delivery applications in nano-biotechnology. The architecturally flexible RNA with catalytic functionality forms nanocomposites that can treat life-threatening diseases. The non-toxic ND has excellent mechanical and optical properties and …

Multiple Dalitz Plot Analysis At Cleo-C, Mackenzie Smith

Wayne State University Dissertations

Dalitz Plot analysis is a standard technique for the study of weak hadronic 3-body decays. This technique allows us to extract the relative amplitudes, phases, and fit fractions of the resonances that are the primary product of such decays. A Dalitz analysis is complicated by the presence of two or more interfering resonances that appear at the same place on the plot. In this analysis I attempt to resolve the $K^{0}_{s} a_{0}(980)^{0}$ and $K^{0}_{s} f_{0}(980)$ in the decay of $D^{0} \to K^{0}_{s} K^{+} K^{-}$. Using the $K^{0}_{s} a_{0}(980)^{0}$ resonance found in $D^{0} \to K^{0}_{s} \pi^{0} \eta$, I compare equating a …

Enhancement In Electrochemical Performance Of Advanced Battery Electrodes Using Carbon- Nanomaterial Composites, Kulwinder Dhindsa

Wayne State University Dissertations

LiFePO4 has attracted great interest as a cathode material for lithium ion batteries due to its reasonably high theoretical capacity (170mAh/g), thermal stability, high Li ion reversibility and low cost. However, prohibitively low electronic conductivity (~10-9 S/cm) of LiFePO4 leads to high impedance, low capacity and low rate capability. To overcome this bottleneck, we have developed multiple approaches to improve the conductivity of LiFePO4. Motivated by the outstanding electronic and mechanical properties as well as high surface area of graphene, we prepared LiFePO4/graphene nano-composites by a sol-gel method. The phase purity of the nano LiFePO4/Graphene composite was confirmed by X-Ray …

Investigation Of Temperature Dependent Magnetic Hyperthermia In Fe3o4 Ferrofluids, Humeshkar Bhaskar Nemala

Wayne State University Dissertations

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of Fe3O4 and gamma-Fe2O3 have been exploited in the biomedical fields for imaging, targeted drug delivery and magnetic hyperthermia. Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT), the production of heat using ferrofluids, colloidal suspensions of MNPs, in an external AC magnetic field (amplitude, 100-500 Oe and frequency 50 kHz -1MHz), has been explored by many researchers, both in vitro and in vivo, as an alternative viable option to treat cancer. The heat energy generated by Néel and Brownian relaxation processes of the internal magnetic spins could be used to elevate local tissue temperature to about 46 ˚C to arrest cancerous growth. …

Frequency Domain Ultrasound Waveform Tomography Breast Imaging, Gursharan Singh Sandhu

Wayne State University Dissertations

Ultrasound tomography is an emerging modality for imaging breast tissue for the detection of disease. Using the principles of full waveform inversion, high-resolution quantitative sound speed and attenuation maps of the breast can be created. In this thesis, we introduce some basic principles of imaging breast disease and the formalism of sound wave propagation. We present numerical methods to model acoustic wave propagation as well methods to solve the corresponding inverse problem. Numerical simulations of sound speed and attenuation reconstructions are used to assess the efficacy of the algorithm. A careful review of the preprocessing techniques needed for the successful …

Understanding The Physics Of Magnetic Nanoparticles And Their Applications In The Biomedical Field, Suvra Santa Laha

Wayne State University Dissertations

The study of magnetic nanoparticles is of great interest because of their potential uses in magnetic-recording, medical diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Additionally, they also offer an opportunity to understand the physics underlying the complex behavior exhibited by these materials. Two of the most important relaxation phenomena occurring in magnetic nanoparticles are superparamagnetic blocking and spin-glass-like freezing. In addition to features attributed to superparamagnetism, these nanoparticles can also exhibit magnetic relaxation effects at very low temperatures (≲ 50 K). Our studies suggest that all structural defects, and not just surface spins, are responsible for the low-temperature glass-like relaxation observed in many …