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Synthesis And Hydrolytic Evaluation Of Acid-Labile Imine-Linked Cytoxic Isatin Model Systems, Lidia Matesic, Julie Locke, Kara Perrow, Marie Ranson, John Bremner, Danielle Skropeta
Synthesis And Hydrolytic Evaluation Of Acid-Labile Imine-Linked Cytoxic Isatin Model Systems, Lidia Matesic, Julie Locke, Kara Perrow, Marie Ranson, John Bremner, Danielle Skropeta
Danielle Skropeta
In this study a series of isatin-based, pH-sensitive aryl imine derivatives with differing aromatic substituents and substitution patterns were synthesised and their acid-catalysed hydrolysis evaluated. These derivatives were functionalised at the C3 carbonyl group of a potent N-substituted isatin cytotoxin and were stable at physiological pH but readily cleaved at pH 4.5. Observed rates of hydrolysis for the embedded imine-acid moiety were in the order para-phenylpropionic acid>phenylacetic acid (para>meta)>benzoic acid (meta>para). The ability to fine-tune hydrolysis rates in this way has potential implications for optimising imine linked, tumour targeting cytotoxin-protein conjugates
Optical Characterization Of The Nematic Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals: Light Absorption, Birefringence, And Scalar Order Parameter, Yuriy A. Nastishin, H. Liu, T. Schneider, V. G. Nazarenko, Sergij V. Shiyanovskii, Oleg Lavrentovich
Optical Characterization Of The Nematic Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals: Light Absorption, Birefringence, And Scalar Order Parameter, Yuriy A. Nastishin, H. Liu, T. Schneider, V. G. Nazarenko, Sergij V. Shiyanovskii, Oleg Lavrentovich
Oleg Lavrentovich
We report on the optical properties of the nematic (N) phase formed by lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs) in well aligned planar samples. LCLCs belong to a broad class of materials formed by one-dimensional molecular self-assembly and are similar to other systems such as “living polymers” and “wormlike micelles.” We study three water soluble LCLC forming materials: disodium chromoglycate, a derivative of indanthrone called Blue 27, and a derivative of perylene called Violet 20. The individual molecules have a planklike shape and assemble into rodlike aggregates that form the N phase once the concentration exceeds about 0.1M. The uniform surface …
Converse Flexoelectric Effect In A Bent-Core Nematic Liquid Crystal, John Harden, R. Teeling, Jim T. Gleeson, Samuel N. Sprunt, Antal Jakli
Converse Flexoelectric Effect In A Bent-Core Nematic Liquid Crystal, John Harden, R. Teeling, Jim T. Gleeson, Samuel N. Sprunt, Antal Jakli
Antal Jakli
Flexoelectricity is a unique property of liquid crystals; it is a linear coupling between electric polarizations and bend and/or splay distortions of the direction of average molecular orientation. Recently it was shown [J. Harden et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 157802 (2006)] that the bend flexoelectric coefficient in bent-core nematic liquid crystals can be three orders of magnitude higher than the effect with calamitic (rod-shaped) molecular shape. Here we report the converse of the flexoelectric effect: An electric field applied across a bent-core liquid crystal sandwiched between thin flexible substrates produces a director distortion which is manifested as a polarity-dependent …
Exploiting Independent Relationships In Multiagent Systems For Coordinated Learning, Chao Yu, Minjie Zhang, Fenghui Ren
Exploiting Independent Relationships In Multiagent Systems For Coordinated Learning, Chao Yu, Minjie Zhang, Fenghui Ren
Dr Fenghui Ren
Creating coordinated multiagent policies in an environment with uncertainties is a challenging issue in the research of multiagent learning. In this paper, a coordinated learning approach is proposed to enable agents to learn both individual policies and coordinated behaviors by exploiting independent relationships inherent in many multiagent systems. We illustrate how this approach is employed to solve coordination problems in robot navigation domains. Experimental results of different scales of domains prove the effectiveness of our learning approach. 2012 Springer-Verlag.
Late Quaternary Mega-Lakes Fed By The Northern And Southern River Systems Of Central Australia: Varying Moisture Sources And Increased Continental Aridity, T Cohen, G Nanson, John Jansen, B Jones, Z Jacobs, J Larsen, J.-H May, P Treble, D Price, A Smith
Late Quaternary Mega-Lakes Fed By The Northern And Southern River Systems Of Central Australia: Varying Moisture Sources And Increased Continental Aridity, T Cohen, G Nanson, John Jansen, B Jones, Z Jacobs, J Larsen, J.-H May, P Treble, D Price, A Smith
B. G. Jones
Optically stimulated and thermoluminescence ages from relict shorelines, along with accelerator mass spectrometer 14C ages from freshwater molluscs reveal a record of variable moisture sources supplied by northern and southern river systems to Lake Mega-Frome in southern central Australia during the late Quaternary. Additional lacustrine, palynological and terrestrial proxies are used to reconstruct a record that extends back to 105 ka, confirming that Lakes Mega-Frome and Mega-Eyre were joined to create the largest system of palaeolakes on the Australian continent as recently as 50-47 ka. The palaeohydrological record indicates a progressive shift to more arid conditions, with marked drying after …
The Nanostructure Of Three-Dimensional Scaffolds Enhances The Current Density Of Microbial Bioelectrochemical Systems, Victoria Flexer, Jun Chen, Bogdan C. Donose, Peter C. Sherrell, Gordon G. Wallace, Jurg Keller
The Nanostructure Of Three-Dimensional Scaffolds Enhances The Current Density Of Microbial Bioelectrochemical Systems, Victoria Flexer, Jun Chen, Bogdan C. Donose, Peter C. Sherrell, Gordon G. Wallace, Jurg Keller
Gordon Wallace
Bioelectrochemical systems encompass a range of electrochemical systems wherein microorganisms are used as biocatalysts. These range from classical microbial fuel cells to novel microbial electrosynthesis processes. The future of practical applications relies on increased performance. In all cases the development of new electrode materials is essential to overcome the low current densities of bioelectrochemical systems. Here we describe a new biocompatible, highly conductive three-dimensional scaffold electrode, NanoWeb-RVC, with a hierarchical porous structure, synthesized by direct growth of carbon nanotubes on a macroporous substrate. The nanostructure of these electrodes enhances the rate of bacterial extracellular electron transfer while the macrostructure ensures …