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Molecular Basis For Distinct Pathways For Protein Import Into Arabidopsis Chloroplasts, Danny Schnell, C. Rounds, H. Inoue
Molecular Basis For Distinct Pathways For Protein Import Into Arabidopsis Chloroplasts, Danny Schnell, C. Rounds, H. Inoue
Danny Schnell
The translocons at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts (TOCs) initiate the import of thousands of nucleus-encoded proteins into the organelle. The identification of structurally and functionally distinct TOC complexes has led to the hypothesis that the translocons constitute different import pathways that are required to coordinate the import of sets of proteins whose expression varies in response to organelle biogenesis and physiological adaptation. To test this hypothesis, we examined the molecular basis for distinct TOC pathways by analyzing the functional diversification among the Toc159 family of TOC receptors. We demonstrate that the N-terminal A-domains of the Toc159 receptors regulate …
Determinants For Stop-Transfer And Post-Import Pathways For Protein Targeting To The Chloroplast Inner Envelope Membrane, Antonio A. B. Viana, Ming Li, Danny Schnell
Determinants For Stop-Transfer And Post-Import Pathways For Protein Targeting To The Chloroplast Inner Envelope Membrane, Antonio A. B. Viana, Ming Li, Danny Schnell
Danny Schnell
he inner envelope membrane (IEM) of the chloroplast plays key roles in controlling metabolite transport between the organelle and cytoplasm and is a major site of lipid and membrane synthesis within the organelle. IEM biogenesis requires the import and integration of nucleus-encoded membrane proteins. Previous reports have led to the conclusion that membrane proteins are inserted into the IEM during protein import from the cytoplasm via a stop-transfer mechanism or are completely imported into the stroma and then inserted into the IEM in a post-import mechanism. In this study, we examined the determinants for each pathway by comparing the targeting …