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Iron Pigments Through The Ages, Fathi Habashi Aug 2015

Iron Pigments Through The Ages, Fathi Habashi

Fathi Habashi

Naturally occurring iron oxides were used since ancient times as ochre yellow and red pigments. It was only in the 18th century that artificially prepared Prussian blue was discovered. This discovery opened up a new field of chemistry - - cyano compounds.


Mining And Civilization, Fathi Habashi Jul 2015

Mining And Civilization, Fathi Habashi

Fathi Habashi

Ancient ruins or an ancient stone statue recalls the work of miners who brought the material from a quarry so that the sculptor can create a work of art. Carving of massive stone blocks and piercing tunnels in mountains are arts in which the same tools of mining are used and mining engineers are involved. Studying history of mining necessitates also the study of archaeology, art, architecture, and world history in general since it is the history of civilization. The pyramids of Egypt, the gold of Tut Ankh Amoun, the Coloseum in Rome, the Taj Mahal in Agra, and the …