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Characterization Of The Role Of The Replicase And Quasispecies Diversity In Flaviviral Evolution And Host Adaptation, Haley Caldwell
Characterization Of The Role Of The Replicase And Quasispecies Diversity In Flaviviral Evolution And Host Adaptation, Haley Caldwell
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Flaviviruses include several emerging and re-emerging arboviruses that cause millions of infections each year. Although relatively well-studied, much remains unknown regarding the mechanisms and means by which these viruses adapt to different hosts and rapidly alternate between hosts. Different aspects of flaviviral biology impact host switching, viral fitness, and the generation of viral diversity during genome replication by the NS3 and NS5 proteins. Together these factors may impact host plasticity.
Intra And Interhost Dynamics Shaping Arbovirus Adaptation And Evolution, Alexander T. Ciota
Intra And Interhost Dynamics Shaping Arbovirus Adaptation And Evolution, Alexander T. Ciota
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), which are predominately mosquito-borne and almost exclusively RNA viruses, are maintained in nature in complex transmission cycles involving blood sucking invertebrates and vertebrate hosts. Although over 120 arboviruses are human pathogens responsible for causing a significant and expanding global health burden, a detailed understanding of the complex interactions between these pathogens and their hosts, particularly invertebrate hosts, is lacking. Defining these interactions is necessary if we are to understand the selective pressures and, therefore, evolutionary, adaptive, and epidemiological potential of arboviruses. This requires experimental infection and evolution studies, particularly in vivo, with natural hosts. The results presented …
The Immune Response In The Central Nervous System During West Nile Virus Persistence, Barbara Sharon Stewart
The Immune Response In The Central Nervous System During West Nile Virus Persistence, Barbara Sharon Stewart
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
West Nile virus (WNV) persists in a wide array of hosts ranging from mice to humans. In convalescent humans, WNV RNA persists in urine for up to 6.7 years, and IgM antibody against WNV persists in serum for up to 12 months post-inoculation (p.i.). Previous work using the mouse model demonstrated that WNV persists in central nervous system (CNS) tissues as infectious virus and as RNA for up to 4 months and 6 months p.i., respectively. In this study, we sought to elucidate the mechanism for viral persistence in the CNS using the mouse model. Characterization of the leukocyte infiltrate …