Digital Commons Network^™

The 2016 Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference, "Shared Decision Making In The Emergency Department: Development Of A Policy-Relevant Patient-Centered Research Agenda" Diagnostic Testing Breakout Session Report., Tyler W. Barrett, Kristin L. Rising, M. Fernanda Bellolio, M. Kennedy Hall, Aaron Brody, Kenneth W. Dodd, Mira Grieser, Phillip D. Levy, Ali S. Raja, Wesley H. Self, Gail Weingarten, Erik P. Hess, Judd Hollander

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Diagnostic testing is an integral component of patient evaluation in the emergency department (ED). Emergency clinicians frequently use diagnostic testing to more confidently exclude "worst-case" diagnoses rather than to determine the most likely etiology for a presenting complaint. Increased utilization of diagnostic testing has not been associated with reductions in disease-related mortality but has led to increased overall healthcare costs and other unintended consequences (e.g., incidental findings requiring further workup, unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation or potentially nephrotoxic contrast). Shared decision making (SDM) presents an opportunity for clinicians to discuss the benefits and harms associated with diagnostic testing with patients …

Moseying Along At The Fda, Rodney Richmond

College of Pharmacy Faculty Research ​and Publications

No abstract provided.

Multi-Sector Contributions To Public Health Delivery Systems: Economic, Institutional & Policy Determinants, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

The United States faces growing public and policy demands to improve health status on a population-wide basis. This session reviews new research from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Systems for Action research program about the implementation of population health activities in communities across the U.S. Using 16 years of data on a national cohort of metropolitan communities, we show that substantial growth has occurred in the array of organizations and sectors that contribute to population health activities, especially in the years following Affordable Care Act implementation. We also show that this growth has not occurred evenly across the U.S., with …

Smoking On The Margins: A Comprehensive Analysis Of A Municipal Outdoor Smoke-Free Policy, Ann Pederson, Chizimuzo T. C. Okoli, Natalie Hemsing, Renée O'Leary, Amanda T. Wiggins, Wendy Rice, Joan L. Bottorff, Lorraine Greaves

Nursing Faculty Publications

Background: This study examined the formulation, adoption, and implementation of a ban on smoking in the parks and beaches in Vancouver, Canada.

Methods: Informed by Critical Multiplism, we explored the policy adoption process, support for and compliance with a local bylaw prohibiting smoking in parks and on beaches, experiences with enforcement, and potential health equity issues through a series of qualitative and quantitative studies.

Results: Findings suggest that there was unanimous support for the introduction of the bylaw among policy makers, as well as a high degree of positive public support. We observed that smoking initially declined following the ban’s …

Human Papillomavirus Infection And Vaccination Policies In The American South, Dudith Pierre-Victor

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the United States, the South has a disproportionate burden of cervical cancer, yet research reporting regional prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is scarce. Since 2008, Virginia has passed a HPV vaccine mandate and Louisiana a HPV education bill. This dissertation estimated the prevalence of HPV infection among females and assessed the impact of Virginia’s and Louisiana’s HPV vaccination policy on vaccination among adolescent females.

The first manuscript estimated the prevalence of HPV infection using data from 4,250 females collected during the 2007–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Among 14–26 year-olds, the prevalence of high-risk oncogenic HPV was …

Moving Towards A New Vision: Implementation Of A Public Health Policy Intervention, Ruta Valaitis, Marjorie Macdonald, Anita Kothari, Linda O’Mara, Sandra Regan, John Garcia, Nancy Murray, Heather Manson, Nancy Peroff-Johnston, Gayle Bursey, Jennifer Boyko

Health Studies Publications

Background

Public health systems in Canada have undergone significant policy renewal over the last decade in response to threats to the public’s health, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome. There is limited research on how public health policies have been implemented or what has influenced their implementation. This paper explores policy implementation in two exemplar public health programs -chronic disease prevention and sexually-transmitted infection prevention - in Ontario, Canada. It examines public health service providers’, managers’ and senior managements’ perspectives on the process of implementation of the Ontario Public Health Standards 2008 and factors influencing implementation.

Methods

Public health staff …

Adults Using Long-Term Services And Supports: Population And Service Use Trends In Maine, Sfy 2014, Kimberly I. Snow Mhsa, Ba, Tina Gressani, Louise Olsen, Catherine Mcguire Bs, Stuart Bratesman Mpp, Karen Mauney, Jason Theriault

Disability & Aging

Prepared by research staff at the University of Southern Maine's Muskie School of Public Service for the Maine Office of Aging and Disability Services (the Office), this chartbook provides information on Maine adults who use long term services and supports. This is the first chartbook to reflect all the populations served by the Office: older adults; adults with physical disabilities; adults with intellectual disabilities/autism spectrum disorder or other related conditions; and adults with acquired brain injury. Long term services and supports are a vital lifeline for the thousands of Maine adults who need them, and they account for a significant …

Fda Has A Banner Quarter To Finish Out 2016, Rodney Richmond

College of Pharmacy Faculty Research ​and Publications

No abstract provided.

Resolving The Policy Paradox: The Case Of Biofuel Production In Ireland, Alan Gilmer, Mark J. Mcgarrity, Vivienne Byers

Articles

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine the status of policy design and policy implementation in the biofuel sector in Ireland. The focus of the work addresses the overarching operational context of the biofuel sector in Ireland and the role of different actors in shaping and resolving inconsistencies in policy outlook and practice. Design/methodology/approach – This study used a qualitative research approach involving a series of semi-structured interviews with members of the relevant sub-groups concerned. This study sought to address two questions – whether current or proposed policy is likely to affect consumption of indigenous biofuel feedstocks …

The Association Between Graduated Driver Licensing Laws And Travel Behaviors Among Adolescents: An Analysis Of Us National Household Travel Surveys, Motao Zhu, Peter Cummings, Songzhu Zhao, Thomas Rice

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Young novice drivers have crash rates higher than any other age group. To address this problem, graduated driver licensing (GDL) laws have been implemented in the United States to require an extended learner permit phase, and create night time driving or passenger restrictions for adolescent drivers. GDL allows adolescents to gain experience driving under low-risk conditions with the aim of reducing crashes. The restricted driving might increase riding with parents or on buses, which might be safer, or walking or biking, which might be more dangerous. We examined whether GDL increases non-driver travels, and whether it reduces total travels …

Perceived Threat Associated With Police Officers And Black Men Predicts Support For Policing Policy Reform, Allison L. Skinner, Ingrid J. Haas

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty and Staff Publications

Racial disparities in policing and recent high-profile incidents resulting in the deaths of Black men have ignited a national debate on policing policies. Given evidence that both police officers and Black men may be associated with threat, we examined the impact of perceived threat on support for reformed policing policies. Across three studies we found correlational evidence that perceiving police officers as threatening predicts increased support for reformed policing practices (e.g., limiting the use of lethal force and matching police force demographics to those of the community). In contrast, perceiving Black men as threatening predicted reduced support for policing policy …

Aligning Religious And Culturally Relevant Clinical Practice With Policy, Amanda F. Hopkins Phd, Rn, Wendy C. Kooken Phd, Rn, Sana Shafiuddin

Students' Professional Presentations and Publications

This poster was presented at the Midwest Nursing Research Society conference in 2016. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cultural considerations in clinical and educational policies when working with female Muslim nursing students who wear hijab, and to suggest changes to dress code policies within academic and clinical agency settings.