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Bulletin Of The Virginia State Dental Association (Vol. 38, No. 3, 1961)

Bulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association

No abstract provided.

Bulletin Of The Virginia State Dental Association (Vol. 38, No. 1, 1961)

Bulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association

No abstract provided.

Bulletin Of The Virginia State Dental Association (Vol. 38, No. 2, 1961)

Bulletin of the Virginia State Dental Association

No abstract provided.

Strategies To Improve Patient Compliance Regarding Smoking Cessation, Genevieve R. Benzinger, Lydia Burton

Dental Hygiene Student Scholarship

Exposure to cigarette smoke in the oral cavity alters the function of key periodontal pathogens such as P. gingivalis, promoting biofilm formation, colonization, and infection. The purpose of this review is to investigate how improved education on smoking can decrease negative oral health risks. Education amongst healthcare professionals and their patients is positively correlated to smoking cessation.

Smoking counseling has been shown to be more effective when given by multiple healthcare professionals outside of and in addition to primary care. Evidence shows that the chances of breaking smoking habits increase as smoking cessation counseling, cost-free medications, and follow up visits …

Cancer Therapy And Oral Mucositis, Breanna E. Walker, Heidi Berczes

Dental Hygiene Student Scholarship

Cancer therapy can cause various adverse effects on the oral cavity. The development of oral mucositis is one of the most common oral condition associated with both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. As dental professionals it is our duty to prevent and treat this condition in our patients. OM is very painful and has been known to decrease the quality of life in those with the condition. We have looked at studies evaluating the effectiveness of various agents in the prevention and treatment of OM. Our hope is to bring awareness to OM while educating providers on treatment options.

Perceptions About Human Papillomavirus Vaccine And Oropharyngeal Cancers, And The Role Of Dental Care Providers In Human Papillomavirus Prevention Among Us Adults, Shillpa Naavaal, Christina A. Demopoulos, Abigail Kelly, Eric Tranby, Julie Frantsve-Hawley

Dental Public Health and Policy Publications

Background: The authors examined adults' perceptions about the importance of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in preventing oropharyngeal cancers and dental care providers' role in HPV prevention and identified associated factors.

Methods: Adults (≥ 18 years) completed a national survey of consumer and patient attitudes, experiences, and behaviors on oral health. Descriptive and multivariable logistic regression models determined associations between perceptions regarding HPV and attitudes toward dental care providers' role and HPV knowledge, HPV vaccine recommendation, and sociodemographic characteristics.

Results: One in 3 adults (32.8%; n = 5,320) said the HPV vaccine was very important, 1 in 2 said it …

Correlation Between Intraoral Markers And The Risk Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea In Children, Linda K. Powers

Theses and Dissertations

Specific aims: The purpose of this study was to explore the association between various intraoral markers and the risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in children. Specifically, nine intraoral clinical characteristics were analyzed: ankyloglossia, palatal vault height, presence and level of dental wear, tonsillar grade, Friedman's classification, skeletal and dental classification, and posterior crossbite. The correlation between these features and the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) and Pediatric Symptoms Checklist (PSC) scores were assessed.

Methods: Orthodontic patients aged 8-17 were recruited at the VCU Graduate Clinic. Intraoral measurements were collected from patients (n=100) by treating doctors. At this time, the PSQ …

Treatment Access And Outcomes For Craniofacial Care: Patient And Parent Perspectives, Benjamin F. Lowe Iii

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The purpose was to evaluate whether craniofacial patients and their parents have adequate access to care, perceive this care as high quality, and believe that the incorporation of telehealth visits would benefit their current system of craniofacial care. Methods: An original survey was developed and sent to families in treatment with the Virginia Commonwealth University craniofacial team. The tool was used to gather demographic information and assess opinions toward access to, outcomes of, and telehealth services for craniofacial care. Patients 18 years and older took the survey for themselves, while patients under 18 years old had a parent/guardian take …

Effect Of Apical Preparation Size On Endodontic Treatment Outcomes, Joseph Vaughn

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: Previous authors have attempted to identify the ideal apical preparation size needed to achieve endodontic treatment objectives. Despite vast literature on the topic, there exists a lack of consensus on ideal apical enlargement, with few studies discussing the effect of apical prep enlargement on clinical outcomes. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effect of final apical preparation size on endodontic outcomes in maxillary and mandibular molars treated in both a graduate endodontic clinic and a private practice.

Methods: A chart review was conducted for patients seen at the VCU graduate endodontic clinic as well as …

The Age And Primary Reason For The First Dental Visit In Children With Special Health Care Needs, Amanda Dickerson

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The aim of this project is to evaluate the average age and primary reason for the first dental visit among patients with special health care needs as well as to examine socioeconomic factors and other barriers related to children with special health care needs accessing care.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey that was distributed to caregivers of children with special health care needs. Study data was collected through REDCap, a secure web-based survey application. The inclusion criteria for participating in the survey included having a child with a special health care need that presented for a recall or …

Provider Racial Concordance And Medical Mistrust In Pediatric Dentistry, Chinelo Eke

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: Studies have drawn varying conclusions on the importance of a racially concordant patient provider relationship. Medical mistrust has continued to garner attention as healthcare enterprises thread equity, diversity and inclusion throughout their organizational policies, practices and systems.

Methods: Parents/caregivers of pediatric patients at VCU Pediatric Dentistry were invited to participate. Surveys included questions about demographics, racial concordance, language preference, and the validated Group-Based Medical Mistrust Scale.

Results: A total of 246 guardians completed the survey. For guardians, 40% reported Black or African American, 31% Hispanic, and 19% Caucasian. Seventy-one percent of guardians reported speaking English, 18% Spanish, and 11% …

Utilization Of Intraoral Scanners For Fabrication Of Obturators For Patients Born With Cleft Lip/ Palate (Clp), Swara Fadnis

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The goal of this cross-sectional study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of providers regarding incorporating a digital scanner for impression taking in children born with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP). Methods: A survey was sent out to members of the American Association of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD). The survey included questions regarding the providers’ perception of incorporating digital intraoral scanners for impressions for fabrication of obturators. The survey also included questions about the providers’ reservations in using this technology in practice, what their experience has been with the incorporation of this technology into practice, and what is …

The Environment Of Interprofessional Education In Graduate Education: Exploring Professional Programs Of Occupational Therapy, Physician Assistant, And Physical Therapy, Allison R. Kaczmarek

Theses and Dissertations

Interprofessional education (IPE) is an educational approach of increasing popularity in professional schools for the preparation of a collaborative ready healthcare workforce. The accrediting bodies of professional education programs in occupational therapy (OT), physician assistant (PA), and physical therapy (PT) have incorporated standards for outcomes addressing IPE. Although they have endorsed the Health Professions Accreditors Collaborative (HPAC) consensus document on quality IPE, we do not have a contemporary snapshot of the IPE environments in the curriculum of their accredited programs. This dissertation, a collection of three distinct inquiries, has two aims: first, to provide a description of IPE as it …

Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Analysis Of Outcomes In Ridge Augmentation Using Titanium Mesh And Titanium Reinforced Ptfe Membranes, Lina Elnakka

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The primary goal of this study is to evaluate and compare the average vertical and horizontal bone gain between titanium reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene (Ti-PTFE) and titanium mesh (Ti-mesh) using superimposition of preoperative and postoperative (CBCT). The secondary goal is to evaluate and compare the surgical outcomes between the two techniques.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was completed to assess the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients who underwent ridge augmentation therapy using either Ti-PTFE or Ti-mesh. Preoperative and postoperative CBCT scans were superimposed using InVivo 3D imaging software. Vertical component of the augmented site (L1) was assessed along a vertical …

Food Deserts And Pediatric Oral Health Status In An Under-Resourced Urban Community, Jessica T. Mcauliffe

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The aim of this analysis of survey data was to assess the influence of living within a food desert as a predictor of oral health problems among children of East Henrico County, Virginia.

Methods: Survey participants were recruited and questionnaires applied online. Residing in a food desert, using access to affordable produce as a proxy value, was the independent variable, while self- reported assessment of the child’s oral health status was the primary outcome variable. Analyses controlled for other indirect factors of pediatric oral health. Logistic regression was used to model the association between the self-reported access to healthy …

Motivations Of Adult Patients Seeking Orthodontic Retreatment, Scott V. Philips

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The aims of this study were (1) to compare the reasons adult patients seek orthodontic first-time treatment to the reasons adult patients seek orthodontic retreatment, and (2) to compare the concerns, motivations, and satisfaction levels of adult patients seeking orthodontic retreatment across the different previous treatment provider types of orthodontist, general dentist, and Direct-to-Consumer company.

Methods: At their initial orthodontic visit, adult patients (N=108) were invited to participate in the digital survey (REDCap) study. Subjects were recruited from the graduate orthodontics clinic at Virginia Commonwealth University and seven private orthodontic practices across the United States. Visual Analogue Scales were …

Morphometric Analysis Of Premolars And Its Relevance To Root Canal Anatomy, James Degracie

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Premolars are especially challenging to treat endodontically due to their small size and often-intricate anatomy. While the majority of premolars present with one or two root canals, the presence of three root canals has been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the root-to-crown width ratio (RCWR) and number of root canals in maxillary and mandibular premolars.

Methods: Data was retrieved from the electronic health records of patients treated at Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry. A total of 100 premolars which had both periapical radiograph (PA) and cone beam computed tomography scans (CBCT) …

Impact Of Portal Of Exit On The Prevalence Of Apical Periodontitis In Root Canal Treated Maxillary Molars With Missed Second Mesiobuccal Canals: A Cbct Study, Jing Ye

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: To evaluate the association of portal of exit (POE) of the second mesiobuccal (MB2) canal with the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) in previously treated maxillary molars

Methods: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 106 previously treated maxillary molars seen for either recall or retreatment in the past 3 years were included in the study. Scans were reviewed by one endodontic resident and one board-certified endodontist to determine the POE (separate versus common) of the missed MB2 canal and the presence or absence of a periapical hypo-dense area. Association between AP and portal of exit was assessed using …

The Use Of Silver Diamine Fluoride In Dentistry In Virginia, Jessica Eisenberg

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to determine the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in dentistry in Virginia and the factors that affect the practitioners’ decision. Methods: A survey was sent to the members of the Virginia Dental Association (VDA) by email and posted on the VDA social media accounts. The survey questions measured the practitioner’s demographics, knowledge, and factors that affect their utilization of SDF. Results: Most providers were general dentists (77%). The most common clinical situations for SDF use were to arrest caries in children with behavioral issues (77%), to delay restorative treatment (73%), in medically …

Histone Acetylation In Periodontal Diseases, Sarang Saadat

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Emerging data has indicated the significant role of epigenetic control in inflammation. Acetylation of lysine residues on histones is a major epigenetic modification of chromatin, which is required for cytokine gene expression and regulated in inflammatory diseases. It has been shown that periodontal bacteria induce histone acetylation in oral epithelial cells and experimental periodontitis in rodents. In this study, we investigated the acetylation level of histone 3 (H3) in gingival tissue from healthy and periodontitis patients. We hypothesize that cytokine over-production in periodontitis is associated with the hyper acetylation of histones. Methods: Periodontitis and healthy subjects who need periodontal …

A Six-Month Comparison Of Orthodontic Pain Associated With Fixed Edgewise Appliances And Clear Aligners, Victor Chan

Theses and Dissertations

Title: A Six-Month Comparison of Orthodontic Pain Associated with Clear Aligners and Fixed Edgewise Appliances

Objective: To document and compare pain perception, intensity, and analgesic use over a sixmonth period between patients treated with fixed appliances (FA) and clear aligners (CA).

Methods: A prospective, parallel, two-arm, multi-center, longitudinal cohort study was conducted with 87 adults treated with CA (n=59) or FA (n=28). Subjects were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. A seven-item, digital survey was sent at three timepoints (preappointment, 2-days post-appointment, and 7-days post-appointment) at each adjustment over a six-month period. The variables measured included pain experience, pain …

Comparing The Microbiomes Of Dental Plaques In 19th Century Ancestral Remains, Ananya Udyaver

Undergraduate Research Posters

During the construction of VCU’s Hermes A. Kontos Medical Sciences Building in April 1994, nineteenth century ancestral remains were found in an abandoned well on the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) campus. This well, now known as the East Marshall Street Well (EMSW), is thought to have been used as a disposal location for cadaver dissection for surgical and other medical waste in the past. VCU is now seeking to use DNA sequencing technology to match and assemble bones from each individual for a proper burial, uncover the cultural and historical context in which these people lived, and bring a …