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Effect Of Nicotine On Negative Affect Among More Impulsive Smokers, Neal Doran, Dennis E. Mcchargue, Bonnie Springs, Joe Vanderveen, Jessica Werth Cook, Malia Richmond
Effect Of Nicotine On Negative Affect Among More Impulsive Smokers, Neal Doran, Dennis E. Mcchargue, Bonnie Springs, Joe Vanderveen, Jessica Werth Cook, Malia Richmond
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
In the present study, the authors tested the hypothesis that nicotine would provide greater relief from negative affect for more impulsive smokers than for less impulsive smokers. Euthymic adult smokers (N = 70) participated in 2 laboratory sessions, during which they underwent a negative mood induction (music x autobiographical memory), then smoked either a nicotinized or de-nicotinized cigarette. Mixed-effects regression yielded a significant Impulsivity x Condition (nicotinized vs. de-nicotinized) x Time interaction. Simple effects analyses showed that heightened impulsivity predicted greater negative affect relief after smoking a nicotinized cigarette but not after smoking a de-nicotinized cigarette. These data suggest …
Possible Association Between Response Inhibition And A Variant In The Brain-Expressed Tryptophan Hydroxylase-2 Gene, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Jennifer M. Glass, Steven T. Chermack, Heather A. Flynn, Sheng Li, Margaret E. Weston, Margit Burmeister
Possible Association Between Response Inhibition And A Variant In The Brain-Expressed Tryptophan Hydroxylase-2 Gene, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Jennifer M. Glass, Steven T. Chermack, Heather A. Flynn, Sheng Li, Margaret E. Weston, Margit Burmeister
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
The ability to inhibit a response is an important component of normal behavioral control and is an aspect of psychopathology when diminished. Converging evidence implicates the serotonergic neurotransmitter system in response inhibition circuitry.
Objectives — The present study examined potential associations between serotonergic genetic markers and response inhibition as indexed by Stop Task performance.
Methods — College-age participants (N= 199) completed self-report questionnaires, the computerized Stop Task, and donated buccal cells for genetic analyses. Statistics were analyzed by ANOVA.
Results — Stop Signal reaction time was not associated with allelic variation at a monoamine oxidase A promoter length polymorphism or …
Effects Of Temporal Clumping And Payoff Accumulation On Impulsiveness And Cooperation, David W. Stephens, Colleen M. Mclinn, Jeffrey R. Stevens
Effects Of Temporal Clumping And Payoff Accumulation On Impulsiveness And Cooperation, David W. Stephens, Colleen M. Mclinn, Jeffrey R. Stevens
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Animals show impulsiveness when they prefer a smaller more immediate option, even though a larger more delayed option produces a higher intake rate. This impulsive behavior has implications for several behavioral problems including social cooperation. This paper presents two experiments using captive blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata) that consider the effects of payoff accumulation and temporal clumping on impulsiveness and cooperation. Payoff accumulation refers to a situation where the benefits gained from each choice trial accumulate from one trial to the next, and only become available to the animal after it has completed a fixed number of trials. We …