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Spruce Run News (December 1997), Spruce Run Staff

Maine Women's Publications - All

No abstract provided.

The Morality Of Intimate Faculty-Student Relationships, Nicholas Dixon

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Presented September 19, 1996 for the Center for the Study of Ethics in Society

Narrative Development In Late Talkers: Early School Age, Rhea Paul, Rita Hernandez, Lisa Taylor, Karen Johnson

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Children with slow expressive language development (SELD) as toddlers and a control group of children with normal language development (NL) were followed to early school age. Children with SELD were, at that point, subdivided into two groups: those who had moved within the normal range of expressive language (the History of Expressive Language Delay [HELD] subgroup); and those who continued to score below the normal range in expressive language at school age (the Expressive Language Delay [ELD] subgroup). During their kindergarten, first, and second grade years, they were administered a narrative generation task. Narratives were analyzed for MLU, lexical diversity, …

Mutations In Yeast Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Define Distinct Sites For Interaction With Dna Polymerase Δ And Dna Polymerase Ε, Joel C. Eissenberg, L. Rao Ayyagari, Xavier V. Gomes, Peter M.J. Burgers

Faculty Scholarship

The importance of the interdomain connector loop and of the carboxy-terminal domain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) for functional interaction with DNA polymerases delta (Poldelta) and epsilon (Pol epsilon) was investigated by site-directed mutagenesis. Two alleles, pol30-79 (IL126,128AA) in the interdomain connector loop and pol30-90 (PK252,253AA) near the carboxy terminus, caused growth defects and elevated sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents. These two mutants also had elevated rates of spontaneous mutations. The mutator phenotype of pol30-90 was due to partially defective mismatch repair in the mutant. In vitro, the mutant PCNAs showed defects in DNA synthesis. Interestingly, the pol30-79 …

Diabetes And Exercise: The Role Of The Athletic Trainer, Carolyn C. Jimenez

Sports Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Direct Demonstration Of Retroviral Recombination In A Rhesus Monkey, Dawn P. Wooley, Randall A. Smith, Susan Czajak, Ronald C. Desrosiers

Neuroscience, Cell Biology & Physiology Faculty Publications

Recombination may be an important mechanism for increasing variation in retroviral populations. Retroviral recombination has been demonstrated in tissue culture systems by artificially creating doubly infected cells. Evidence for retroviral recombination in vivo is indirect and is based principally on the identification of apparently mosaic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomes from phylogenetic analyses of viral sequences. We infected a rhesus monkey with two different molecularly cloned strains of simian immunodeficiency virus. One strain of virus had a deletion in vpx and vpr, and the other strain had a deletion in nef. Each strain on its own induced low virus …

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume Xlvii, Number 1, December 1997

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume XLVII, Number 1, December 1997 Annual Giving Celebrates a Half-Century of Strengthening Jefferson, Page 4 Screening for Breast Cancer: A Continuing Dilemma, Page 8 The McClellan house: A Link to the University’s Past, Page 12 The Bulletin Reaches its 75th Year, Page 17 Landmark Breast Cancer Meeting at Jefferson, Page 21 University and SmithKline Beecham Link Clinical Research, Page 22 Missing Cancer-Suppressor Genes May Have Deadly Effects, Page 23 Goldstein is Vice President for Research at JDFI, Page 27 Brezinski Develops Noninvasive Method to Detect Early Signs of Cancer and Heart Attacks, Page 29

Genetic Polymorphism Among Cryptosporidium Parvum Isolates: Evidence Of Two Distinct Human Transmission Cycles, Michael M. Peng, Lihua Xiao, Amanda R. Freeman, Michael J. Arrowood, Ananias A. Escalante, André C. Weltman, Corinne S.L. Ong, William R. Mac Kenzie, Altaf A. Lal, Charles B. Beard

Harold W. Manter Laboratory: Library Materials

We report the results of molecular analysis of 39 isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum from human and bovine sources in nine human outbreaks and from bovine sources from a wide geographic distribution. All 39 isolates could be divided into either of two genotypes, on the basis of genetic polymorphism observed at the thrombospondin-related adhesion protein (TRAP-C2) locus. Genotype 1 was observed only in isolates from humans. Genotype 2, however, was seen in calf isolates and in isolates from a subset of human patients who reported direct exposure to infected cattle or consumed items thought to be contaminated with cattle feces. Furthermore, …

A Dichotomous Role For Nitric Oxide During Acute Toxoplasma Gondii Infection In Mice, Imtiaz A. Khan, Joseph D. Schwartzman, Tadashi Matsuura, Lloyd H. Kasper

Dartmouth Scholarship

Production of nitric oxide by macrophages is believed to be an important microbicidal mechanism for a variety of intracellular pathogens, including Toxoplasma gondii. Mice with a targeted disruption of the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene (iNOS) were infected orally with T. gondii tissue cysts. Time to death was prolonged compared with parental controls. Histologic analysis of tissue from infected mice showed scattered small foci of inflammation with parasites in various tissues of iNOS−/− mice, whereas tissue from the parental C57BL/6 mice had more extensive tissue inflammation with few visible parasites. In particular, extensive ulceration and necrosis of distal small …

Dyslipidemia And Its Relation With Body Mass Index Versus Waist Hip Ratio, A Jabbar, A Irfanullah, J Akhter, Y K. Mirza

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

To study the magnitude of dyslipidemia in asymptomatic subjects and its relation to body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip-ratio (WHR), 88 subjects attending the health analysis programme were examined and their age, sex, BMI, WHR, fasting blood glucose and lipids were measured. The distribution of the lipid levels and the frequency of dyslipidemia were noted. Forty-eight percent had a total cholesterol of > 200 mg/dl and 50% had an HDL-cholesterol of < 40 mg/dl. On comparing the means of total cholesterol to BMI and WHR, it was found that total cholesterol level was statistically significant for WHR above and below 0.9 for males and 0.8 for females, whereas not so for BMI above and below 27 kg/m2. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in asymptomatic people in this group emphasizes the need for routine health screening for early institution of preventive measures. The correlation with WHR rather than BMI points towards importance of measuring parameters of central obesity rather than body weight and height only.

Anthroposophic Perspectives In Primary Care, Ira S. Cantor Md, Steven Rosenzweig Md

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

A core challenge of contemporary medicine is to integrate the technological successes of biomedical science with a comprehensive under-standing of the physical, psychosocial, ecological, and spiritual dimensions of health and illness. Toward this end, bridges are being created between conventional medicine and alternative systems of healing which reflect a holistic model of the human being. Even when both conventional and complementary approaches are used side-by-side in the same patient, they remain separate in their basic assumptions and goals. Today's mechanistic disease model is cut off from such notions as life-energy, consciousness, and spirituality, so integral to many alternative paradigms. Anthroposophically …

Interaction Of Gaba And Excitatory Amino Acids In The Basolateral Amygdala: Role In Cardiovascular Regulation, Robert P. Soltis, Jennifer C. Cook, Adam E. Gregg, Brian J. Sanders

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Activation of the amygdala in rats produces cardiovascular changes that include increases in heart rate and arterial pressure as well as behavioral changes characteristic of emotional arousal. The objective of the present study was to examine the interaction of GABA and excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptors in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) in regulating cardiovascular function. Microinjection of the GABA_A receptor antagonist bicuculline methiodide (BMI) or the E A A receptor agonists NMDA or AMPA into the same region of the BLA of conscious rats produced dose-related increases in heart rate and arterial pressure. Injection of the nonselective EAA receptor …

Maternal Age: Influence On Length Of Gestation And Birth Weight, Charlotte Bratcher

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The findings indicated no significant differences among the age groups in relation to infant birth weight nor in relation to the risk factors of smoking, maternal weight gain, trimester of first entry into prenatal care, or marital status They did indicate a significant difference [F(2,85) = 4.1364, p < .05] between the oldest and the youngest group (CD = 3.37, a = .05) in relation to gestational length. These findings are significant for healthcare providers in rural areas, since much of the previous research had been done in highly urbanized or inner city settings.

Characteristics And Resource Utilization Of Patients Of A Proprietary Home Health Agency In Rural South Central Kentucky, Linda Sewell

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The home health industry's introduction to managed care raises the prospect of reduced access to health care and poor outcomes for a vulnerable segment of our population—the rural elderly. Before effective intervention strategies can be accurately evaluated, a clearer picture of the sociodemographic features and home care service consumption is needed for this understudied group. The study was intended to provide a basis for future research into the evaluation of alternative methods of delivering effective care in terms of outcome and decreased cost for this population. A retrospective descriptive analysis was made of the patient record for the first six …

Ossifying Fibroma Of Nasal Cavity, Abbas Zafar Abbas Zafar, Muhammad Shafi Muhammad Shafi, Shaukat Malik Shaukat Malik, Shahid Pervez

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

Patients' Attitudes Toward The Use Of Nurse Practitioners, Laurie Maxwell

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Since the advent of the role of nurse practitioner in the mid 1960s, nurse practitioners have practiced in traditional settings such as health departments, clinics, and physicians' offices. More recently, nurse practitioners have been utilized in non-traditional settings such as the emergency department. Some studies have been done that support the theory that nurse practitioners can function effectively in this setting; however additional studies are needed on this topic. The purpose of this study was to explore patients' attitudes toward the use of nurse practitioners and to determine what patient variables were related to these attitudes. More specifically, this study …

Personality Types Of Registered Nurses Employed In A Rural Community Hospital, Tina Snodgrass

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study was to identify the personality types of registered nurses in a rural community. An extensive literature review revealed that no studies, utilizing the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) to identify personality types, had been conducted with rural nurses. Jung's Psychological Type Theory was the theoretical framework for the study. The MBTI operationalizes Jung's theory and was utilized to determine the most frequently occurring personality types of the nurses. A descriptive study was conducted at a 68 bed acute care hospital. The sample consisted of 40 experienced registered nurses working in staff positions within the hospital. Sensing, …

Nicotinic Receptor Antagonists In The Treatment Of Neuropharmacological Disorders, Peter A. Crooks, Linda P. Dwoskin, Alain Ravard

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

Nicotine analogs that have nicotinic receptor antagonist properties. These compounds have been shown to competitively inhibit dopamine release induced by nicotine. The nicotine analog compounds are useful in the treatment of nicotine abuse, smoking cessation therapy, as an antidote for nicotine intoxication, treatment of cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Non-Proliferation Talk At Kazakhstan, Armin Weinberg

Works on Radiation Effects: 1990-2020

These are talking notes for my presentation at a nuclear non-proliferation conference. Interesting to see recommendations including this one, "I suggest Minister Shkolnik create a joint committee with representatives from government, academicia, public survivors and ethicists to continue the pursuit of this question." See more at Armin Weinberg, PhD Papers and its finding aid.

Computer Anxiety And Nursing Informatics Needs Of Graduate Nursing Students, Margot Elizabeth Clark

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The impact of technology in today's society affects every aspect of life. This study focused on exploring the extent of computer anxiety among graduate nursing students using the Oetting's computer anxiety scale. Computer and information seeking skills required for both education and advanced nursing practice were also assessed using a survey by Jacobs and dela Cruz. Special emphasis was placed on retrieval of information from large data-bases. The conceptual framework was based on Roy's Adaptation Model.

The sample consisted of 28 students enrolled in a nursing informatics class in a south Florida university. Frequency distribution, and t-tests were used to …

Murine Transporter Associated With Antigen Presentation (Tap) Preferences Influence Class I-Restricted T Cell Responses., A J Yellen-Shaw, C E Laughlin, R M Metrione, Laurence C. Eisenlohr

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

The transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP) complex shuttles cytosolic peptides into the exocytic compartment for association with nascent major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. Biochemical studies of murine and human TAP have established that substrate length and COOH-terminal residue identity are strong determinants of transport efficiency. However, the existence of these specificities in the intact cell and their influences on T cell responses have not been demonstrated. We have devised a method for studying TAP- mediated transport in intact cells, using T cell activation as a readout. The approach makes use of a panel of recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing …

Plans For Nazarbayev Visit To Houston And Tmc, Armin Weinberg

Works on Radiation Effects: 1990-2020

A list of things that Armin created in preparation for the visit by the President of Kazakhstan to Texas, Houston and the Medical Center. Very insightful with names and activities. See more at Armin Weinberg, PhD Papers and its finding aid.

Young Adolescents’ Conflicts With Siblings And Friends, Marcela Raffaelli

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

One hundred twelve white, middle class 10-14-year-olds participated in a descriptive study of conflict with their closest sibling and best friend. Analysis of questionnaire ratings (completed by all participants) revealed that frequency of conflict was significantly related to ratings of the friend’s importance and satisfaction with the friendship but was not related to sibling relationship ratings. Descriptions of specific conflicts in the two relationships (provided by 81 youngsters) were compared to examine the onset, process, and aftermath of conflict. Conflicts between siblings and friends differed in how they were structured and experienced, suggesting that conflict functions differently in each relationship. …

Neurobehavior In Preterm Neonates Exposed To Cocaine, Alcohol, And Tobacco, K. A. Espy, M. L. Riese, D. J. Francis

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory: Faculty and Staff Publications

Neonatal neurobehavioral development was investigated in a sample of 20 hospitalized, prenatally cocaine-exposed preterm infants and 20 matched non-exposed controls. Prenatal cocaine exposure was related to reductions in attention performance that remained apparent at 36 wks conceptional age. There was no impact of prenatal cocaine exposure on the rate of change in attention proficiency. In utero alcohol exposure was associated with increased rates of age-related change in motor skill. Alcohol-related performance deficits were transient; alcohol-exposed infants reached an equivalent level of motor performance exhibited by the non-exposed infants by 36 wks conceptional age. These findings highlight the importance of considering …

The Shape School: Assessing Executive Function In Preschool Children, K. A. Espy

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory: Faculty and Staff Publications

Age-related changes in executive function were examined on a new task, the Shape School, in 70 preschool children (32-68 months old). The Shape School is a colorful storybook designed to examine inhibition and switching processes in young children. Results confirmed that task efficiency varied significantly with age, with older age groups outperforming younger groups. Furthermore, inhibition efficiency improved significantly between 3 to 4 years of age, whereas switching skills showed developmental improvement from 4 to 5 years of age. These results suggest that the Shape School is sensitive to maturational effects and that performance can be parsed into inhibition and …

Occupational Therapy's Link To Vocational Reeducation, 1910-1925., Sharon A. Gutman

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

The development of occupational therapy is rooted in early 20th century medical reform. During the early 1910s, several members of the medical profession, human service workers, and the larger American society were increasingly disturbed by medical practices that did not consider the individual's personal experience of disability. Occupational therapy was developed, in part, out of this desire to provide persons with treatment that helped them to function in their communities despite their disability. Early occupational therapy leaders envisioned the fledgling profession as a societal service capable of assisting persons with disabilities to return to both work and community life. Vocational …

Information Interface - Volume 22, Issue 4 - November/December 1997, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Information Interface (1976 - 2009)

News and information about Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library of interest to users.

Triazine Herbicide Exposure And Breast Cancer Incidence: An Ecologic Study Of Kentucky Counties, Michele A. Kettles, Steven R. Browning, Timothy Scott Prince, Sanford W. Horstman

Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

The incidence of breast cancer in the United States has steadily increased for the past three decades. Exposure to excess estrogen, in both natural and synthetic forms, has been implicated as a risk factor for the development of this disease. Considerable interest has been focused on organochlorines, such as the triazine herbicides, and their possible role in the initiation or promotion of human breast cancer. To explore this relationship, an ecologic study of Kentucky counties was designed. Exposure to triazines was estimated by use of water contamination data, corn crop production, and pesticide use data. A summary index of triazine …

An Evaluation Of The Sensitivity Of Subjects With Peanut Allergy To Very Low Doses Of Peanut Protein: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Food Challenge Study, Jonathan O'B. Hourihane, Sally A. Kilburn, Julie A. Nordlee, Susan L. Hefle, Steve L. Taylor, John O. Warner

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

The minimum dose of food protein to which subjects with food allergy have reacted in double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges is between 50 and 100 mg. However, subjects with peanut allergy often report severe reactions after minimal contact with peanuts, even through intact skin.

Objective: We sought to determine whether adults previously proven by challenge to be allergic to peanut react to very low doses of peanut protein.

Methods: We used a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge of 14 subjects allergic to peanuts with doses of peanut ranging from 10 μg to 50 mg, administered in the form of …

Expression Of Protein Kinase C Beta In The Heart Causes Hypertrophy In Adult Mice And Sudden Death In Neonates, Joel C. Bowman, Susan F. Steinberg, Tiangrong Jiang, David L. Geenen, Glenn I. Fishman, Peter M. Buttrick

Peer Reviewed Articles

Protein kinase C (PKC) activation in the heart has been linked to a hypertrophic phenotype and to processes that influence contractile function. To establish whether PKC activation is sufficient to induce an abnormal phenotype, PKCbeta was conditionally expressed in cardiomyocytes of transgenic mice. Transgene expression in adults caused mild and progressive ventricular hypertrophy associated with impaired diastolic relaxation, whereas expression in newborns caused sudden death associated with marked abnormalities in the regulation of intracellular calcium. Thus, the PKC signaling pathway in cardiocytes has different effects depending on the timing of expression and, in the adult, is sufficient to induce pathologic …