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The Interplay Among Preschool Child And Family Factors And The Development Of Odd Symptoms, Elizabeth Harvey, Lindsay A. Metcalfe

Elizabeth (Lisa) Harvey

Objective—The present study examined (a) the interactions between early behavior, early parenting, and early family adversity in predicting later ODD symptoms, and (b) the reciprocal relations between parent functioning and ODD symptoms across the preschool years. Method—Participants were 258 3-year-old children (138 boys and 120 girls) and their parents from diverse backgrounds who participated in a 4-year longitudinal study. Results—Early child behavior, parenting, and family adversity did not significantly interact in the predicted direction. Reciprocal relations between ODD symptoms and parent functioning were observed for maternal and paternal depression, and maternal warmth. Paternal laxness at age 4 predicted ODD symptoms …

Differential Expression Of Cancer Associated Proteins In Breast Milk Based On Age At First Full Term Pregnancy, Wenyi Qin, Ke Zhang, Beth Kliethermes, Rachel L. Ruhlen, Eva P. Browne, Kathleen F. Arcaro, Edward R. Sauter

Kathleen Arcaro

Background: First full term pregnancy (FFTP) completed at a young age has been linked to low long term breast cancer risk, whereas late FFTP pregnancy age confers high long term risk, compared to nulliparity. Our hypothesis was that proteins linked to breast cancer would be differentially expressed in human milk collected at three time points during lactation based on age at FFTP. Methods: We analyzed breast milk from 72 lactating women. Samples were collected within 10 days of the onset of lactation (baseline-BL), two months after lactation started and during breast weaning (W). We measured 16 proteins (11 kallikreins (KLKs), …

Paralemmin-1 Is Over-Expressed In Estrogen-Receptor Positive Breast Cancers, Casey M. Turk, Katerina D. Fagan-Solis, Kristin E. Williams, Joseph M. Gozgit, Sallie Smith-Schneider, Sharon A. Marconi, Christopher N. Otis, Giovanna M. Crisi, Douglas L. Anderton, Manfred W. Kilimann, Kathleen F. Arcaro

Douglas L. Anderton

Background Paralemmin-1 is a phosphoprotein lipid-anchored to the cytoplasmic face of membranes where it functions in membrane dynamics, maintenance of cell shape, and process formation. Expression of paralemmin-1 and its major splice variant (Δ exon 8) as well as the extent of posttranslational modifications are tissue- and development-specific. Paralemmin-1 expression in normal breast and breast cancer tissue has not been described previously. Results Paralemmin-1 mRNA and protein expression was evaluated in ten breast cell lines, 26 primary tumors, and 10 reduction mammoplasty (RM) tissues using real time RT-PCR. Paralemmin-1 splice variants were assessed in tumor and RM tissues using a …

The Prevalence And Identity Of Chlamydia-Specific Ige In Children With Asthma And Other Chronic Respiratory Symptoms, Katir K. Patel, Erica A. Anderson, Paul S. Salva, Wilmore C. Webley

Wilmore C Webley

Background Recent studies have confirmed the presence of viable Chlamydia in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of pediatric patients with airway hyperresponsiveness. While specific IgG and IgM responses to C. pneumoniae are well described, the response and potential contribution of Ag-specific IgE are not known. The current study sought to determine if infection with Chlamydia triggers the production of pathogen-specific IgE in children with chronic respiratory diseases which might contribute to inflammation and pathology.

Methods We obtained BAL fluid and serum from pediatric respiratory disease patients who were generally unresponsive to corticosteroid treatment as well as sera from age-matched control …

A Longitudinal Study Of The Relation Between Depressive Symptomatology And Parenting Practices, Paula A. Errazuriz, Elizabeth Harvey, Dhara A. Thakar

Elizabeth (Lisa) Harvey

This longitudinal study examined whether mothers’ depressive symptomatology predicted parenting practices in a sample of 199 mothers of 3-year-old children with behavior problems who were assessed yearly until age 6. Higher maternal depressive symptoms were associated with higher overreactivity and laxness and lower warmth when children were 6 years old. Higher maternal depressive symptoms were also related to increases in overreactivity across the preschool years. Moreover, depression and parenting practices (overreactivity and laxness) covaried over time within mothers. These results provide evidence of a strong link between maternal depression and parenting during the preschool years.

Effects Of Blocking Developmental Cell Death On Sexually Dimorphic Calbindin Cell Groups In The Preoptic Area And Bed Nucleus Of The Stria Terminalis, Richard F. Gilmore, Megan Varnum, Nancy Forger

Nancy Forger

Background: Calbindin-D28 has been used as a marker for the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area (SDN-POA). Males have a distinct cluster of calbindin-immunoreactive (ir) cells in the medial preoptic area (CALB-SDN) that is reduced or absent in females. However, it is not clear whether the sex difference is due to the absolute number of calbindin-ir cells or to cell position (that is, spread), and the cellular mechanisms underlying the sex difference are not known. We examined the number of cells in the CALB-SDN and surrounding regions of C57Bl/6 mice and used mice lacking the pro-death gene, Bax, to …

The Effects Of Aerobic Training And Age On Plasma Sicam-1, G. Many, N. Jenkins, Sarah Witkowski, J. Damsker, J. Hagberg

Sarah Witkowski

Chronic low-grade systemic infl ammation plays a role in the development of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Habitual endurance exercise training reduces the risk of CV disease in part through anti-infl ammatory mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the eff ects of age, endurance training status, and their interaction on pro-infl ammatory plasma cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of CV disease. Subjects were BMI-matched young (25 ± 3 years; endurance trained: n = 9, sedentary: n = 11) and older (62 ± 5 years; endurance-trained: n = 12, sedentary: n = 11) men. Plasma cytokine concentrations were determined by …

The Interface Between Neighborhood Density & Optional Infinitives: Normal Development And Specific Language Impairment, Jill R. Hoover, Holly L. Storkel, Mabel L. Rice

Jill R. Hoover

The effect of neighborhood density on optional infinitives was evaluated for typically developing (TD) children and children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI). Forty children, twenty in each group, completed two production tasks that assessed third person singular production. Half of the sentences in each task presented a dense verb, and half presented a sparse verb. Children's third person singular accuracy was compared across dense and sparse verbs. Results showed that the TD group was significantly less likely to use optional infinitives with dense, rather than sparse verbs. In contrast, the distribution of optional infinitives for the SLI group was independent …

Transient Pharmacologic Lowering Of Aβ Production Prior To Deposition Results In Sustained Reduction Of Amyloid Plaque Pathology, Pritam Das, Christophe Verbeeck, Lisa Minter, Paramita Chakrabarty, Kevin Felsentein, Thomas Kukar, Ghulam Maharvi, Abdul Fauq, Barbara A. Osborne, Todd E. Golde

Lisa Minter

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia among the elderly. Disease modifying therapies targeting Aβ that are in development have been proposed to be more effective if treatment was initiated prior to significant accumulation of Aβ in the brain, but optimal timing of treatment initiation has not been clearly established in the clinic. We compared the efficacy of transient pharmacologic reduction of brain Aβ with a γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI ) for 1–3 months (M) treatment windows in APP Tg2576 mice and subsequent aging of the mice to either 15M or 18M. Results: These data show that reducing …