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Screening At Worksite Applying The Framingham Heart Study Score., Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

The first evaluation of class of occupation and cardiovascular risk factors in a Brazilian sample of civil servants. 1) context: Cardiovascular diseases are the main causes of death in Brazil. The high-risk approach to cardiovascular risk factors by screening test at worksite is one possible strategy of prevention. 2) objective: to verify the impact of a risk factors screening according to occupational levels. 3) type of study: cross-sectional 4) setting: occupational division of University of Sao Paulo 5) participants: 6,587 employees aged 20 to 69 years-old classified according three occupational grades (non-skilled, both manual and non-manual jobs; technical; faculty). 6) …

Substance Or Style? An Investigation Of The Neo-Pi-R Validity Scales, Leslie C. Morey, Brian D. Quigley, Charles A. Sanislow, Andrew E. Skodol, Thomas H. Mcglashan, M. Tracie Shea, Robert L. Stout, Mary C. Zanarini, John G. Gunderson

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R; Costa & McCrae, 1992b) has been criticized for the absence of validity scales designed to detect response distortion. Recently, validity scales were developed from the items of the NEO-PI-R (Schinka, Kinder, & Kremer, 1997) and several studies have used a variety of methods to test their use. However, it is controversial whether these scales are measuring something that is substantive (such as psychopathology or its absence) or stylistic (which might be effortful distortion or less conscious processes such as lack of insight). In this study, we used a multimethod-multitrait approach to examine the validity …

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Surveillance --- United States, 1971--2000, David M. Mannino, David M. Homa, Lara J. Akinbami, Earl S. Ford, Stephen C. Redd

David M. Mannino

PROBLEM/CONDITION:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema but has been defined recently as the physiologic finding of nonreversible pulmonary function impairment. This surveillance summary reports trends in different measures of COPD during 1971-2000.

REPORTING PERIOD COVERED:

This report presents national data regarding objectively determined COPD (1971-1994); COPD-associated activity and functional limitations (1980-1996); self-reported COPD prevalence, COPD physician office and hospital outpatient department visits, COPD hospitalizations, and COPD deaths (1980-2000); and COPD emergency department visits (1992-2000).

DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEMS:

The Centers for Disease Control's National Center for Health Statistics conducts the National Health Interview Survey annually, which …

Traumatic Exposure And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Borderline, Schizotypal, Avoidant, And Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorders: Findings From The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study, Shirley Yen, M. Tracie Shea, Cynthia L. Battle, Dawn M. Johnson, Caron Zlotnick, Regina Dolan-Sewell, Andrew E. Skodol, Carlos M. Grilo, John G. Gunderson, Charles A. Sanislow, Mary C. Zanarini, Donna S. Bender, Jennifer B. Rettew, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

The association between trauma and personality disorders (PDs), while receiving much attention and debate, has not been comprehensively examined for multiple types of trauma and PDs. The authors examined data from a multisite study of four PD groups: schizotypal, borderline (BPD), avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive, and a major depression comparison group. Rates of traumatic exposure to specific types of trauma, age of first trauma onset, and rates of posttraumatic stress disorder are compared. Results indicate that BPD participants reported the highest rate of traumatic exposure (particularly to sexual traumas, including childhood sexual abuse), the highest rate of posttraumatic stress disorder, and …

Co-Occurrence Of Dsm-Iv Personality Disorders With Borderline Personality Disorder, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

Surveillance For Asthma - United States, 1980-1999, David M. Mannino, David M. Homa, Lara J. Akinbami, Jeanne E. Moorman, Charon Gwynn, Stephen C. Redd

David M. Mannino

Problem/Condition: Asthma, a chronic disease occurring among both children and adults, has been the focus of clinical and public health interventions during recent years. In addition, CDC has outlined a strategy to improve the timeliness and geographic specificity of asthma surveillance as part of a comprehensive public health approach to asthma surveillance.

Reporting Period Covered: This report presents national data regarding self-reported asthma prevalence, school and work days lost because of asthma, and asthma-associated activity limitations (1980--1996); asthma-associated outpatient visits, asthma-associated hospitalizations, and asthma-associated deaths (1980--1999); asthma-associated emergency department visits (1992--1999); and self-reported asthma episodes or attacks (1997--1999).

Description of …

Functional Impairment In Patients With Schizotypal, Borderline, Avoidant, And Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder, Andrew E. Skodol, John G. Gunderson, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Ingrid R. Dyck, Robert L. Stout, Donna S. Bender, Carlos M. Grilo, M. Tracie Shea, Mary C. Zanarini, Leslie C. Morey, Charles A. Sanislow, John M. Oldham

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare psychosocial functioning in patients with schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and patients with major depressive disorder and no personality disorder.

Method: Patients (N=668) were recruited by the four clinical sites of the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study. The carefully diagnosed study groups were compared on an array of domains of psychosocial functioning, as measured by the Longitudinal Interval Follow-Up Evaluation—Baseline Version and the Social Adjustment Scale.

Results: Patients with schizotypal personality disorder and borderline personality disorder were found to have significantly more impairment at work, in social relationships, and …

Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of The Dsm-Iv Criteria For Borderline Personality Disorder: Findings From The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study, Charles A. Sanislow, Carlos M. Grilo, Leslie C. Morey, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E. Skodol, John G. Gunderson, M. Tracie Shea, Robert L. Stout, Mary C. Zanarini, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Objective: This study tested the factor structure of the DSM-IV criteria for borderline personality disorder by using confirmatory methods for the analysis of covariance structures in a large group from a multisite study.

Method: A total of 668 primarily treatment-seeking subjects were reliably assessed for personality disorders by using the Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders. Associations among criteria for borderline personality disorder were examined. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test diagnosis as a unitary construct and to test an earlier-reported three-factor model comprising disturbed relatedness, behavioral dysregulation, and affective dysregulation. The three-factor model was subsequently tested by …

Migraine And Coronary Heart Disease In Women And Men, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Objective.—We evaluated migraine as an independent risk factor for subsequent coronary heart disease (CHD) events among women in the Women’s Health Study (WHS) and men in the Physicians’ Health Study (PHS). Background.—Although several studies have suggested that migraine is associated with increased risk of stroke, there are few and conflicting data on whether migraine predicts risk of future CHD events. Methods.—The WHS is an ongoing randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of low-dose aspirin and vitamin E in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer in 39,876 women health professionals aged 45 years in 1993, and the PHS is a completed …

Epidemologia Das Doenças Cardiovasculares No Brasil [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.

Variability Of Placental Expression Of Cyclin E Low Molecular Weight Variants, A Bukovsky, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Mr Caudle, J Wimalasena, Js Foster, Ja Keenan, Rf Elder

Maria Cekanova MS, RNDr, PhD

No abstract provided.

Changes In The Transmission Of Tuberculosis In New York City From 1990 To 1999, Elvin H. Geng

Elvin H Geng

Background: Over the past decade, there has been a reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis in New York City and in the United States. However, the reduction has been confined mainly to U.S.-born persons. Understanding the reasons for the lack of reduction among non–U.S.-born persons may lead to new strategies for tuberculosis control. Methods: We performed DNA fingerprinting with the IS6110 insertion sequence of the organisms isolated from patients with culture-positive tuberculosis in northern Manhattan from 1990 to 1999. The goal was to identify the strains responsible for multiple infections, presumably through recent transmission (clusters of cases), as well as …

Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of Dsm-Iv Schizotypal, Borderline, Avoidant, And Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorders: Findings From The Collaborative Longitudinal Study Of Personality Disorders, Charles A. Sanislow, Leslie C. Morey, Carlos M. Grilo, John G. Gunderson, M. Tracie Shea, Andrew E. Skodol, Robert L. Stout, Mary C. Zanarini, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Objective: To test the diagnostic constructs implied by DSM-IV Axis-II personality disorders by examining relationships between different combinations of DSM-IV criteria.

Method: Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the borderline, schizotypal, avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder constructs in a large treatment-seeking sample (N=668) from a multisite study. A model based on the three DSM-IV Axis II clusters was also tested. Both models were tested against a unitary ‘generic’ model constructed from four criteria sets combined.

Results: Goodness-of-fit for both the three-cluster and four disorder models was significantly better than the unidimensional model, and the four-disorder model was significantly better …