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High Speed Continuous Thermal Curing Microfabrication System, Franklin Dibartolomeo
High Speed Continuous Thermal Curing Microfabrication System, Franklin Dibartolomeo
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Rapid creation of devices with microscale features is a vital step in the commercialization of a wide variety of technologies, such as microfluidics, fuel cells and self-healing materials. The current standard for creating many of these microstructured devices utilizes the inexpensive, flexible material poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to replicate microstructured molds. This process is inexpensive and fast for small batches of devices, but lacks scalability and the ability to produce large surface-area materials. The novel fabrication process presented in this paper uses a cylindrical mold with microscale surface patterns to cure liquid PDMS prepolymer into continuous microstructured films. Results show that this …
An Investigation Of The Reynolds Number Dependence Of The Near-Wall Peak In Canonical Wall Bounded Turbulent Channel Flow, Bahareh Estejab
An Investigation Of The Reynolds Number Dependence Of The Near-Wall Peak In Canonical Wall Bounded Turbulent Channel Flow, Bahareh Estejab
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
An experimental investigation into fully developed high aspect ratio channels was undertaken. A review of the literature reveals that there is a need for accurate measurement of the inner peak value of streamwise turbulence intensity despite the large number of studies already completed. The scattered data on this subject could be attributed either to insufficient channel size (aspect ratio or length) or to hot-wire spatial filtering.
A new, high quality, channel flow facility was designed and constructed, considering the most recent geometric limitation provided in the literature. To obtain accurate results, data were acquired using hot-wire probes with constant viscous-scale …
Perch Landing Maneuvers And Control For A Rotating-Wing Mav, Jonathan Louis Lubbers
Perch Landing Maneuvers And Control For A Rotating-Wing Mav, Jonathan Louis Lubbers
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
This thesis addresses flight control of the perch landing maneuver for micro-aerial vehicles. A longitudinal flight model is constructed for a pigeon-sized aircraft. In addition to a standard elevator control surface, wing-rotation also considered as a non-standard actuator for increasing low-speed aerodynamic braking. Optimal state and control trajectories for the perch landing maneuver are computed using commercial software. A neighboring optimal control law is then developed and implemented in a set of flight simulations. Simulations are run with both a quasisteady and an unsteady aerodynamic model. The effectiveness of wing rotation and of the neighboring optimal control law is discussed, …
Modeling And Optimization To Evaluate Sustainability Performance Of Customizable Product Service Systems, Ken Harsha Tilakaratne Wijekoon
Modeling And Optimization To Evaluate Sustainability Performance Of Customizable Product Service Systems, Ken Harsha Tilakaratne Wijekoon
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
The aim of this thesis is to present a new methodology to evaluate and optimize sustainability of customizable product-service systems while ensuring economic, environmental and societal constraints are also satisfied. Activities across the total product lifecycle are considered to develop a model that evaluates closed-loop flow, while being monitored through the growth, maturity and decline stages of the product to provide a comprehensive analysis. A novel method to evaluate the customer satisfaction is also presented. The research considers a modular product where customization can be achieved by selecting from alternatives while ensuring the compatibility between these alternatives. A manufacturer will …
Mechanical Characterizations Of Environmentally Conditioned Shape Memory Polymers For Reconfigurable Aerospace Structures, Jared T. Fulcher
Mechanical Characterizations Of Environmentally Conditioned Shape Memory Polymers For Reconfigurable Aerospace Structures, Jared T. Fulcher
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) have been candidate materials for morphing applications. However, the SMPs have not been fully tested to work in relevant environments required for Air Force missions. In this study, an epoxy-based SMP was separately exposed to moisture, lubricating oil and UV radiation, which are simulated service environments designed to be reflective of anticipated performance requirements. The thermomechanical properties and shape memory effects were studied by using novel high-temperature nanoindentation technique. Results show that environmental conditions have affected the glass transition temperature and mechanical properties of the SMPs. In most cases, the conditioned SMPs exhibited higher elastic moduli …
Initial Design, Manufacture, And Testing Of A Cubelab Module Frame For Biological Payloads Aboard The International Space Station, Twyman Samuel Clements
Initial Design, Manufacture, And Testing Of A Cubelab Module Frame For Biological Payloads Aboard The International Space Station, Twyman Samuel Clements
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
This thesis investigates the design of a CubeLab Module frame to facilitate biological research aboard the International Space Station (ISS). With the National Laboratory designation of the ISS by the United States Congress the barriers for use of the facility have been lowered for commercial and academic entities, allowing greater volume and diversity in the research that can be done. Researchers in biology and other areas could benefit from development and adoption of a plug-and-play payload containment system for use in the microgravity/space environment of the ISS. This research includes design and analysis of such a system. It also includes …
Constrained Volume Packing Of Deployable Wings For Unmanned Aircraft, Turner John Harris
Constrained Volume Packing Of Deployable Wings For Unmanned Aircraft, Turner John Harris
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
UAVs are becoming an accepted tool for sensing. The benefits of deployable wings allow smaller transportation enclosures such as soldier back packs up to large rocket launched extraterrestrial UAVs. The packing of soft inflatable wings and Hybrid inflatable with rigid section wings is being studied at the University of Kentucky. Rigid wings are volume limited while inflatable wings are mass limited. The expected optimal wing design is a hybrid approach. Previous wing designs have been packed into different configurations in an attempt to determine the optimal stowed configurations. A comparison of rigid, hybrid, and inflatable wings will be presented. Also …
Evaluation Of Mechanical Proerties And Effective Thickness Of The Interfaces By Finite Element Analysis, Sesha Spandana Pulla
Evaluation Of Mechanical Proerties And Effective Thickness Of The Interfaces By Finite Element Analysis, Sesha Spandana Pulla
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
The nanoindentation technique has been used to identify the interfaces between dissimilar materials and subsequently to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties across the interfaces. The interfaces could represent the interface (transition face) between oxidized and unoxidized polymers, the interface between rigid fiber and polymer matrix, or other similar situations. It is proposed to use a nanoindenter equipped with small spherical tip to indent across the interfaces of dissimilar materials. The proposed method has been validated by conducting a large number of virtual experiments through 3-dimensional finite element simulations, by varying the properties of the two dissimilar materials, including various …
Experimental Flow Visualization For Corrugated Airfoils At Low Reynolds Number Including Development Of A Pitch And Plunge Fixture, Jeremy Ryan Sparks
Experimental Flow Visualization For Corrugated Airfoils At Low Reynolds Number Including Development Of A Pitch And Plunge Fixture, Jeremy Ryan Sparks
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Micro Air Vehicles (MAV’s) have small size and extreme maneuverability which makes them ideal for surveillance. Propulsion mechanisms include propellers, rotors, and flapping airfoils. Flapping motions, along with biologically-inspired wing profiles, are of interest due to their use of natural physics. Corrugated airfoil structures appears to have poor aerodynamic performance at higher Reynolds numbers, but serve well at Re<10,000. Understanding flow structures around corrugated profiles and comparing them to a standard airfoil will aid in understanding how these corrugated profiles perform well and have been adopted by some of nature’s most acrobatic flyers. Motivation for this investigation is to compare static flow visualizations of corrugated profiles to a standard National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) airfoil from low to high angles of attack and further observe flow structure development of a pitching and plunging flat plate at a Re<10,000 and a Strouhal number relevant to natural fliers. The static visualization was conducted at Re=1,000 with a NACA 0012 airfoil and two corrugated models. The Pitch and Plunge Fixture (PPF) developed was constructed by simplifying flapping wings as a two degree of freedom motion in plunge (translation) and pitch (rotation). Results obtained from the PPF were compared with a numerical simulation.
Bench-Scale, Multifilament Spinning Conditions Effect On The Structure And Properties Of Polyacrylonitrile Precursor Fiber, Elizabeth Ashley Morris
Bench-Scale, Multifilament Spinning Conditions Effect On The Structure And Properties Of Polyacrylonitrile Precursor Fiber, Elizabeth Ashley Morris
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Due to its unique characteristics, carbon fiber is one of the leading materials for light weight, high strength and stiffness applications in composite materials. The development of carbon fibers approaching theoretical strengths and stiffness is a continuing process which has led to improved mechanical and physical properties over the recent years. Improvements in carbon fiber properties are directly dependent on the quality of the precursor fiber. Research and development of PAN precursor fiber requires extensive experimentation to determine how processing conditions affect the structure and properties of the precursor fibers. Therefore, it is the goal of this thesis to analyze …
Uv-Lithographic Patterning Of Micro-Features On A Conical Mold Insert, Justin P. Huber
Uv-Lithographic Patterning Of Micro-Features On A Conical Mold Insert, Justin P. Huber
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
In past studies, several techniques have been employed to create microscopic features on relatively simple surfaces. Of these, lithography-based techniques have proven effective at manufacturing large fields of deterministic microasperities and microcavities on planar and cylindrical substrates. The present study focuses on adapting UV-lithography to a more complex substrate. Machined from stainless steel, a conical mold insert introduces an interesting geometry designed for the injection molding of radial lip seal elastomer. The distinct shape of this mold insert poises unique challenges to a conventional lithography procedure. Spray application is investigated as a feasible means to deposit layers of photoresist on …
Characterization Of Defects In Metal Sheets Via Infrared Thermography, Marc Anthony Harik
Characterization Of Defects In Metal Sheets Via Infrared Thermography, Marc Anthony Harik
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Defects in Aluminum, Stainless steel and galvanized steel sheets are studied in reflection mode infrared thermography. The effect of material properties, surface finish, heating intensity, heater emission spectra, pixel size and defect size are studied. Contrast is governed by heat quality, emissivity and defect geometry—which follows a logarithmic trend. The diameter detected via infrared thermography is found to be at least 30% larger than the measured diameter and sub-pixel defects can be detected. The use of gradient and Laplacian of temperature is introduced as a means of increasing defect contrast and mitigating heater variation.
Transitional Flow Prediction Of A Compressor Airfoil, Vivek Hariharan
Transitional Flow Prediction Of A Compressor Airfoil, Vivek Hariharan
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
The steady flow aerodynamics of a cascade of compressor airfoils is computed using a two-dimensional thin layer Navier-Stokes flow solver. The Dhawan and Narasimha transition model and Mayle‟s transition length model were implemented in this flow solver so that transition from laminar to turbulent flow could be included in the computations. A method to speed up the convergence of the fully turbulent calculations has been introduced. In addition, the effect of turbulence production formulations and including streamline curvature correction in the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model on the transition calculations is studied. These transitional calculations are correlated with the low and high …
Numerical Modeling Of The Dynamic Response Of A Multi-Bilinear-Spring Support System, Trey D. Gilliam
Numerical Modeling Of The Dynamic Response Of A Multi-Bilinear-Spring Support System, Trey D. Gilliam
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer is an International Space Station Experiment that features a unique nonlinear support system with no previous flight heritage. The experiment consists of multiple straps with piecewise-linear stiffness curves that support a cryogenic magnet in three-dimensional space inside of a vacuum chamber. The stiffness curves for each strap are essentially bilinear and switch between two distinct slopes at a specified displacement. This highly nonlinear support system poses many questions in regards to feasible computational methods of analysis and possible response behavior. This thesis develops a numerical model for a multi-bilinear-spring support system motivated by the Alpha Magnetic …
Interfacial Thermal Conductivity Using Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes, Carissa Don Russell
Interfacial Thermal Conductivity Using Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes, Carissa Don Russell
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Shrinking volume, coupled with higher performance, microprocessors and integrated circuits have led to serious heat dissipation issues. In an effort to mitigate the excessive amounts of waste heat and ensure electronic survivability, heat sinks and spreaders are incorporated into heat generating device structures. This inevitability creates a thermal pathway through an interface. Thermal interfaces can possess serious thermal resistances for heat conduction. The introduction of a thermal interface material (TIM) can drastically increase the thermal performance of the component. Exceptional thermal properties of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have spurred interest in their use as TIMs. MWCNTs inherently grow in vertically-oriented, …
Characterization Of Ni-Rich Nitihf Based High Temperature Shape Memory Alloys, Gurdish S. Ded
Characterization Of Ni-Rich Nitihf Based High Temperature Shape Memory Alloys, Gurdish S. Ded
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Among the potential high temperature shape memory alloys, due to its low cost, medium ductility and high work output NiTiHf seems to be the most promising HTSMA for a wide range of applications in the 100-250ºC. A detailed investigation into the shape memory properties and transformation behavior for the Ni-rich HTSMA with the compositions of Ni45.3Cu5Ti29.7Hf20, Ni50.3Ti29.7Hf20 and Ni45.3Pd5Ti29.7Hf20 was carried out. It is possible to form Ni-rich precipitates in Ni-rich NiTiHf alloys and tailor the TTs by heat treatments …
Engineering Sport Safety: A Study Of Equestrian Cross Country Eventing, Katherine M. Kahmann
Engineering Sport Safety: A Study Of Equestrian Cross Country Eventing, Katherine M. Kahmann
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
The sport of equestrian cross country eventing has seen many serious and even fatal injuries due to rotational horse falls in recent years. The sport originally consisted of horse and rider teams jumping stationary, wood fences. However, in a move towards increasing safety for horses and riders, frangible and deformable safety devices have been emerging in the field. This thesis provides an overview of safety designs that are currently available and those that are on the horizon. Also, a path-finder method of evaluating and developing safety fence designs was outlined and applied to two distinct designs, a hinged gate and …
Sustainable Resource Utilization In Manufacturing Of Printed Circuit Board Assembly: Exergy Analysis Of The Process, Subramaniam Saiganesh
Sustainable Resource Utilization In Manufacturing Of Printed Circuit Board Assembly: Exergy Analysis Of The Process, Subramaniam Saiganesh
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Engineering for sustainable development requires prudent utilization of resources under economic, environmental and societal constraints. Resource utilization must follow a holistic approach. This brings in a need for comprehensive metrics which are simple, standard and universal. Thermodynamics may offer a metric that focuses on both quality and quantity of energy resources which may carry information to be combined with other metrics. This metric may be a thermodynamic property called exergy or available energy, which provides a better insight into resource use in both energy and non-energy producing systems. This thesis is devoted to a study of the exergy concept in …
An Evaluation Of The Traveling Wave Ultrasonic Motor For Force Feedback Applications, Nishant Venkatesan
An Evaluation Of The Traveling Wave Ultrasonic Motor For Force Feedback Applications, Nishant Venkatesan
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
The traveling wave ultrasonic motor is considered for use in haptic devices where a certain input-output relation is desired between the applied force and the resulting motion. Historically, DC motors have been the standard choice for this purpose. Owing to its unique characteristics, the ultrasonic motors have been considered an attractive alternative. However, there are some limitations when using the ultrasonic motor for force-feedback applications. In particular, direct torque control is difficult, and the motor can only supply torque in the direction of motion. To accommodate these limitations we developed an indirect control approach. The experimental results demonstrate that the …
Nanomechanical Characterizations Of High Temperature Polymer Matrix Composite Resin: Pmr-15 Polyimide, David C. Jones
Nanomechanical Characterizations Of High Temperature Polymer Matrix Composite Resin: Pmr-15 Polyimide, David C. Jones
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
High Temperature Polymer Matrix Composites (HTPMCs) are widely used by the aerospace industry today because of their high specific strengths, light weight, and the ability to custom tailor their mechanical properties to individual applications. Because of the harsh environmental conditions these materials experience during service use, these composite structures are susceptible to a high rate of thermo-oxidative degradation that ultimately causes premature failure in service. The current knowledge base is lacking in the fundamental spatial variability of the constituent materials upon aging, which precludes composite developers from predicting lifetime mechanical properties of the composites in use. The current study summarizes …
An Algorithm To Solve The Associative Parallel Machine Scheduling Problem, Mohannad Abdelrahman Shuaib
An Algorithm To Solve The Associative Parallel Machine Scheduling Problem, Mohannad Abdelrahman Shuaib
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Effective production scheduling is essential for improved performance. Scheduling strategies for various shop configurations and performance criteria have been widely studied. Scheduling in parallel machines (PM) is one among the many scheduling problems that has received considerable attention in the literature. An even more complex scheduling problem arises when there are several PM families and jobs are capable of being processed in more than one such family. This research addresses such a situation, which is defined as an Associative Parallel Machine scheduling (APMS) problem. This research presents the SAPT-II algorithm that solves a highly constrained APMS problem with the objective …
Manufacture, Characterization, And Application Of Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Composite Crylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene, Daniel Ray Bortz
Manufacture, Characterization, And Application Of Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Composite Crylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene, Daniel Ray Bortz
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Carbon nanotubes have been studied for nearly two decades and their amazing properties continue to spur intense investigation in the area of polymer composites. In terms of potential commercialization, mutiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are currently the most prevalent and economically viable form of nanotubes. Uncovering innovative means to take full advantage of their properties remains a fundamental issue. In this thesis, viability of their use to reinforce polymeric systems is reported. Acrylonitrilebutadiene- styrene (ABS) was used as the host matrix. MWCNTs were introduced to the ABS matrix via melt compounding. The resulting composite was thoroughly rheologically, thermally, and mechanically characterized. …
Detailed Surface Analysis Of Lip Seal Elastomers Ran Against Shafts Manufactured With Triangular Cavities, Vetrivel Kanakasabai
Detailed Surface Analysis Of Lip Seal Elastomers Ran Against Shafts Manufactured With Triangular Cavities, Vetrivel Kanakasabai
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Previous experimental and theoretical results indicate that the keys to successful radial lip seals are the surface characteristics of the shaft and the microasperity pattern that develops due to wear on the elastomer. In this study, the lip seal was tested against five different patterns of shaft surface: plain stainless steel, triangular cavities oriented towards air, triangular cavities oriented towards oil, triangular cavities leading and triangular cavities lagging. Using Zygo optical profilometer and scanning electron microscope, a thorough surface characterization of the micro-asperities and microcavities is done on the lip seal elastomer. Correlation coefficients were calculated between the surface parameters …
An Integrated Framework For Applying Lean Manufacturing And Other Strategies In Mass Customization Environments, Gregory Brandon Stump
An Integrated Framework For Applying Lean Manufacturing And Other Strategies In Mass Customization Environments, Gregory Brandon Stump
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Manufacturing organizations are facing fragmented markets and increased demand of variety from consumers. As a result, many of these firms have adopted mass customization manufacturing strategies in an effort to offer their customers the freedom of choice while maintaining operational efficiency. Lean manufacturing strategies have also seen heavy use in manufacturing environments. This study investigates the possibilities of integrating lean manufacturing principles and practices into mass customization environments in order to improve system performance. The feasibility of other manufacturing strategies such as agility, Quick Response Manufacturing and the Theory of Constraints assisting in the application of lean manufacturing for mass …
Performance Optimization Of A Structured Cfd Code - Ghost On Commodity Cluster Architectures, Pavan K. Kristipati
Performance Optimization Of A Structured Cfd Code - Ghost On Commodity Cluster Architectures, Pavan K. Kristipati
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
This thesis focuses on optimizing the performance of an in-house, structured, 2D CFD code – GHOST, on commodity cluster architectures. The basic philosophy of the work is to optimize the cache usage of the code by implementing efficient coding techniques without changing the underlying numerical algorithm. Various optimization techniques that were implemented and the resulting changes in performance have been presented. Two techniques, external and internal blocking that were implemented earlier to tune the performance of this code have been reviewed. What follows is further tuning effort in order to circumvent the problems associated with using the blocking techniques. Later, …
Investigation Of Blast Mitigation Properties Of Carbon And Polyurethane Based Foams, Bradley E. Toon
Investigation Of Blast Mitigation Properties Of Carbon And Polyurethane Based Foams, Bradley E. Toon
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Solid foams have been studied for years for their ability to mitigate damage from sudden impact. Small explosive attacks threaten to damage or destroy key structures in some parts of the world. A newly developed material, carbon foam, may offer the ability to mitigate the effects of such blasts. This project investigates the energy absorbing properties of carbon and polyurethane based foams in dynamic compression to illustrate their viability to protect concrete structures from the damaging effects of pressure waves from a small blast. Cellular solid mechanics fundamentals and a survey of the microscopic cellular structure of each type of …
Elastic-Plastic Indentation Deformation In Homogeneous And Layered Materials: Finite Element Analysis, Siva Naga Venkata Ravi Kiran Kurapati
Elastic-Plastic Indentation Deformation In Homogeneous And Layered Materials: Finite Element Analysis, Siva Naga Venkata Ravi Kiran Kurapati
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
The complex phenomenon of indentation deformation is studied using finite element analysis for both homogeneous and layered materials. For the homogeneous materials, the elastic-plastic deformation at large indentation depth is studied. The variation of the load-displacement curves as well as the variation of the energy ratio with the applied indentation depth for different strain hardening indices is presented. The power law relation between the indentation load and depth for shallow indentation becomes invalid for deep indentation. The ratio of plastic energy to total mechanical work is a linear function of the ratio of residual indentation depth and maximum indentation depth. …
Experimental Study Of Active Separation Flow Control In A Low Pressure Turbine Blade Cascade Model, Mark Mcquilling
Experimental Study Of Active Separation Flow Control In A Low Pressure Turbine Blade Cascade Model, Mark Mcquilling
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
The flow field around a low pressure turbine (LPT) blade cascade model with and without flow control is examined using ejector nozzle (EN) and vortex generator jet (VGJ) geometries for separation control. The cascade model consists of 6 Pak-B Pratt andamp; Whitney low pressure turbine blades with Re = 30,000-50,000 at a free-stream turbulence intensity of 0.6%. The EN geometry consists of combined suction and blowing slots near the point of separation. The VGJs consist of a row of holes placed at an angle to the free-stream, and are tested at two locations of 69% and 10.5% of the suction …
Entrainment Of Electrical Activation By Spatio-Temporal Distributed Pacing During Ventricular Fibrillation, Yiping Gu
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Spatio-temporal variation in action intervals during ventricular fibrillation (VF) suggestthat the excitable gap may also be distributed spatio-temporally. The observation leadus to hypothesize that distributed pacing can be used to modify and entrain electricalactivation during VF. We tested this hypothesis using simulated VF and animal studies.
We simulated VF in a 400 by 400 cell matrix. Simulation results showed that activationpattern could be entrained using spatially distributed stimulation. Up to a certain limit,increasing stimulus strength and density led to improved entrainment. Best entrainmentwas obtained by pacing at a cycle length similar to the intrinsic cycle length.
In order to verify …
Evaluation Of Fire-Fighting Helmet Surface Technology For High Radiant Heat Applications, David L. Barnett
Evaluation Of Fire-Fighting Helmet Surface Technology For High Radiant Heat Applications, David L. Barnett
University of Kentucky Master's Theses
Protective helmets used by fire-fighters must be designed to minimize the amount of heat transferred to the users head while providing durability, comfort, and affordable costs. This thesis highlights the evaluation of new helmet technology specifically tailored to high radiant heat environments to advance the state-of-the-art in head protection for this application. The research focused on the assessment of the outer shells of helmets and the properties of the surfaces. The development included the evaluation of radiation heat transfer, in a laboratory environment, to various helmet shell surface constructions. Industry standards were considered, and critiqued. Experiments were designed to isolate …