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Root bounds

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The Siebeck-Marden-Northshield Theorem And The Real Roots Of The Symbolic Cubic Equation, Emil Prodanov Jan 2021

The Siebeck-Marden-Northshield Theorem And The Real Roots Of The Symbolic Cubic Equation, Emil Prodanov

Articles

The isolation intervals of the real roots of the symbolic monic cubic polynomial x 3 ` ax2 ` bx ` c are determined, in terms of the coefficients of the polynomial, by solving the Siebeck–Marden–Northshield triangle — the equilateral triangle that projects onto the three real roots of the cubic polynomial and whose inscribed circle projects onto an interval with endpoints equal to stationary points of the polynomial.


Isolation Intervals Of The Real Roots Of The Parametric Cubic Equation, Emil Prodanov Jan 2021

Isolation Intervals Of The Real Roots Of The Parametric Cubic Equation, Emil Prodanov

Articles

The isolation intervals of the real roots of the real symbolic monic cubic polynomial $p(x) = x^3 + a x^2 + b x + c$ are found in terms of simple functions of the coefficients of the polynomial (such as: $-a$, $-a/3$, $-c/b$, $\pm \sqrt{-b}$, when $b$ is negative), and the roots of some auxiliary quadratic equations whose coefficients are also simple functions of the coefficients of the cubic. All possible cases are presented with clear and very detailed diagrams. It is very easy to identify which of these diagrams is the relevant one for any given cubic equation and …


A Method For Locating The Real Roots Of The Symbolic Quintic Equation Using Quadratic Equations, Emil Prodanov Jan 2021

A Method For Locating The Real Roots Of The Symbolic Quintic Equation Using Quadratic Equations, Emil Prodanov

Articles

A method is proposed with which the locations of the roots of the monic symbolic quintic polynomial $x^5 + a_4 x^4 + a_3 x^3 + a_2 x^2 + a_1 x + a_0$ can be determined using the roots of two {\it resolvent} quadratic polynomials: $q_1(x) = x^2 + a_4 x + a_3$ and $q_2(x) = a_2 x^2 + a_1 x + a_0$, whose coefficients are exactly those of the quintic polynomial. The different cases depend on the coefficients of $q_1(x)$ and $q_2(x)$ and on some specific relationships between them. The method is illustrated with the full analysis of one of …


New Bounds On The Real Polynomial Roots, Emil M. Prodanov Aug 2020

New Bounds On The Real Polynomial Roots, Emil M. Prodanov

Articles

The presented analysis determines several new bounds on the roots of the equation $a_n x^n + a_{n−1} x^{n−1} + · · · + a_0 = 0$ (with $a_n > 0$). All proposed new bounds are lower than the Cauchy bound max $\{ 1, sum_{j=0}^{n-1} | a_j / a_n | \}$. Firstly, the Cauchy bound formula is derived by presenting it in a new light — through a recursion. It is shown that this recursion could be exited at earlier stages and, the earlier the recursion is terminated, the lower the resulting root bound will be. Following a separate analysis, it is …