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Canadian Raising With Language-Specific Weighted Constraints, Joe Pater
Canadian Raising With Language-Specific Weighted Constraints, Joe Pater
Joe Pater
The distribution of the raised variants of the Canadian English diphthongs is standardly analyzed as opaque allophony, with derivationally ordered processes of diphthong raising and of /t/ flapping. This paper provides an alternative positional contrast analysis in which the pre-flap raised diphthongs are licensed by a language-specific constraint. The basic distributional facts are captured with a weighted constraint grammar that lacks the intermediate level of representation of the standard analysis. The paper also provides a proposal for how the constraints are learned, and shows how correct weights can be found with a simple, widely used learning algorithm.
Convergence Properties Of A Gradual Learning Algorithm For Harmonic Grammar, Joe Pater, Paul Boersma
Convergence Properties Of A Gradual Learning Algorithm For Harmonic Grammar, Joe Pater, Paul Boersma
Joe Pater
No abstract provided.
Emergent Systemic Simplicity (And Complexity), Joe Pater
Emergent Systemic Simplicity (And Complexity), Joe Pater
Joe Pater
Across phonology and syntax, the typological probability of one structure being present in a linguistic system often depends on other related aspects of that system. For example, voiced [g] is more probable in a language if it contains voiced [b] than if it does not, and a left-headed PP is more probable in a language that contains left-headed VPs than in one that has right-headed VPs. These dependencies can be seen as preferences for systemic simplicity, for uniform expression of laryngeal contrasts across place, and for uniform syntactic headedness. Both the systemic and the probabilistic nature of these generalizations pose …
Phonological Inference And Word Recognition: Evidence From Korean, Joe Pater, Shinsook Lee
Phonological Inference And Word Recognition: Evidence From Korean, Joe Pater, Shinsook Lee
Joe Pater
Gaskell and Marslen-Wilson (1996) use data from cross-modal priming to show that word recognition involves phonological inference: listeners more readily recognize a word that is changed from its canonical form if that change is conditioned by a phonological process. Subsequent research has questioned whether word recognition does in fact involve phonological inference, based on evidence that perceptual compensation for assimilation can involve universal, rather than language-specific mechanisms (Gow 2003) and on evidence that changes are accepted even outside of the context in which they are phonologically conditioned (Wheeldon and Waksler 2004). We present new evidence for phonological inference based on …
Gradual Learning And Convergence, Joe Pater
Austronesian Nasal Substitution And Other Nc Effects, Joe Pater
Austronesian Nasal Substitution And Other Nc Effects, Joe Pater
Joe Pater
No abstract provided.
Balantak Metathesis And Theories Of Possible Repair In Optimality Theory, Joe Pater
Balantak Metathesis And Theories Of Possible Repair In Optimality Theory, Joe Pater
Joe Pater
No abstract provided.
Constraint ConIct In Cluster Reduction, Joe Pater
Constraint ConIct In Cluster Reduction, Joe Pater
Joe Pater
When children reduce onset clusters to singletons, a common pattern is for the least sonorous member of the adult cluster to be produced. Within OPTIMALITYTHEORY (Prince & Smolensky, 1993), this pattern has been accounted for in terms of a fixed ranking of onset constraints that evaluate a segment’s degree of sonority, whereby onset glides violate the highest ranked constraint, and onset stops the lowest. Not all children follow the sonority pattern, however. In this paper, we apply two fundamental principles of optimality theory to yield predictions about other children’s cluster reduction patterns. The first principle is that of FACTORIAL TYPOLOGY, …
Austronesian Nasal Substitution Revisited, Joe Pater