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The Effect Of Ultraviolet Light On The Color Of Unbleached Pulps: Literature Survey, David L. Brew

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A literature survey was prepared which covered the published information on the effects of ultraviolet light on the color of unbleached pulps.

Experiments were conducted with eight types of unbleached pulp which were converted into optical test pads under varying pH conditions, using sulphuric acid and caustic soda as well as alum and sodium aluminate for adjustment of the hydrogen ion concentration. The optical test pads were exposed to ultraviolet irradiation. Thereafter, reflectance measurements were taken, covering the range of visible light.

From the limited number of experiments which were conducted we can conclude that:

1. Unbleached coniferous kraft, unbleached …

Tennecetin: A New Antifungal Antibiotic, James Burns

Masters Theses

The present investigation is an outgrowth of some speculations we have entertained (and vice versa) for a number of years. These speculations revolved around the general idea of antibiotics -- their discovery, production, uses, and significance.

Despite a keen fascination with the matter, our attempts to build a philosophy of antibiosis suffered from an awkward ignorance of the subject itself. There seemed to be no easy way to remedy this situation. In a field dominated by commercial interests, with a literature too recent and scattered to have been sifted and sorted, the traditional academic tools of learning did not appear, …

Studies On The Biological Oxidation Of Ferrous Iron And Chalcopyrite, Loral Alvin Decker

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effectiveness of the leaching streams from waste copper ore dumps as a nutrient solution for subsequent biological oxidation and solubilization of sulfide minerals. The copper in the leaching streams is precipitated by displacement with iron. As a result of this procedure the solution is high in ferrous iron concentration and has a pH of near 3.7. The bacteria in the leaching streams are capable of oxidizing ferrous iron to the ferric state and sulfide minerals to sulfates. The effects of temperatures, pH, urea, and aeration rate on the oxidation of the …

Vegetational Changes In A Shadscale-Winterfat Plant Association During Twenty-Three Years Of Controlled Grazing, Kimball T. Harper

Theses and Dissertations

This paper will report the results of a study commenced in 1935, at the Desert Experimental Range, Pine Valley, Millard County, Utah, to determine the relative effects of various grazing treatments upon the plant members of the shadscale [Atriplex confertifolia (Torr. And Frem.) S. Wats.] - winterfat [Eurotia lanata (Pursh) Moq.] plant association. Results of this study indicate that distinct vegetational changes have occurred within that plant association during twenty-three years of controlled grazing by sheep.

A Survey Of The Food Habits And Distribution Of The Fishes Of Tuckahoe Creek, Virginia, With Special Emphasis On Lepomis Macrochirus Rafinesque, David Andrew Flemer

Master's Theses

An integral part of the ecological study of any organism is a good understanding of the food relationships. Basic studies of the distribution and ecology of common fresh-water fishes are necessary before a more detailed analysis can be made of the fishes in a particular area. Lagler (1956) states that food habit studies help determine population levels, rates of growth, and condition of the fishes. He also concludes that they serve as a partial basis for determining the status of various predatory and competing forms. Raney (1942) states that an intelligent fishery management program depends heavily upon information gained through …

Bionomics Of Culex Tarsalis Coquillett In Utah County, Stanley K. Taylor

Theses and Dissertations

This paper presents information concerning the bionomics of Culex tarsalis Coquillett in Utah County. Observations indicate that rock piles and talus slides are typical hibernation sites. The spring emergence from hibernation occurred between 28 March and 7 April 1959. Larvae breed in a great variety of habitats, including street-gutters, animal tracks, marshes and waste water from irrigation systems. The peak population density for both larvae and adults occurred during the first week in August. Charts, graphs, drawings and photographs are used in the presentation of data.

Identification Of Larval Ticks Of The Genus Ixodes Known To Occur In Utah, Leland D. White

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to present an analysis and key to the larvae of the nine species of Ixodes known to occur in Utah. These are I. kingi, I. muris, I. texanus, I. pacificus, I. spinipalpis, I. marmotae, I. ochotonoe, I angustus, and I. sculptus. Larvae from the first five of these nine species used in this study were reared in the laboratory by worked cited in the secion on Analysis of Species. those of the remaining four were identified on the basis of their presence with identifiable numphal and adult forms. Host specificity, although certainly variable with …

Lateral Development Following Special Pruning Practices On Peach Shoots, Tayis S. Hamid

Masters Theses

[From the Introduction]

Because of its fruiting habit the peach creates a problem for growers. The problem is how to develop fruit wood nearer the trunk each year, so that propping, picking, spraying and fruit thinning will require about the same, rather than more labor each year.

The ever rising costs of production without the corresponding increases in retums have forced fruit growers to adopt time and labor saving devices in the production of their crop.

As a result of the above problem, this experiment was conducted to study and investigate the influence of some special pruning practices …

A Distributional Check-List Of New Mexican Mammals, Arthur H. Harris

Biology ETDs

Vernon Bailey's Mammals of New Mexico is not a satisfactory source of data for many studies which directly or indirectly involve distributions of mammals within New Mexico. The present work is an attempt to provide such a source--to bring together in usable form all published records of occurrence within the state for each species of mammal that is known to occur in New Mexico and also to make available such unpublished records as are present in the University of New Mexico Collection of Vertebrates. Some additional information on names, life-zone preferences, and subspecies to be found within the state has …

Fibrous Papermaking Materials Developed Since 1950, Thomas C. Elias

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

This thesis describes in its literature survey the general nature of synthetic fibers and the problems involved in their use in papermaking. Several types of organic and inorganic fibers and the benefits obtainable from their use are discussed.

Experimental blends of aluminum and wood pulp were prepared and evaluated as to their physical properties. Procedures for making sheets containing 100 percent Acrilan and blends with sulphite pulp are described. The results of three methods of drying these handsheets are reported.

Separate Refining Versus Mixed Refining Of An “Easy” And “Hard” Refining Pulp, Richard M. Dennany

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A study of the strength development (mullen and tear) of mixtures of "easy" and "hard" refining pulp, in which the pulps were refined as a mixture with that in which they were separately refined, and then mixed, reveals that separate refining develops mullen to the same extent as does mixed refining, but that a higher tearing resistance at the same freeness and mullen can be obtained with separate refining.

Utilization Of Deinking Waste, Richard H. Jones

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Introduction

In research aimed at utilization of sludge obtained from primary sedimentation of deinking mill wastes a literature study was made to determine what has been done toward meeting these ends and what new lines of thought needed investigation.

Our first thought in a literature survey was to find out the nature of the deinking sludge. It was found that the composition of deinking solid varies greatly from mill to mill and is determined by the waste paper used. A commercial laboratory analysis showed that the sludge is principally clay and fiberous materials (Table I) (1).

A early as 1931 …

A Study Of Reuse And Possible Disposal Of Clarified Cooking Liquors From Deinking Systems, Uldis I. Ievans

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Recovery or partial reuse of spent cooking liquors, originating in the manufacture of chemical and semi-chemical wood pulps, has been explored very thoroughly. The recovery or reuse of these spent cooking liquors has been of great economical significance to the paper industry.

Limited information has been available on the reuse of spent cooking liquors from deinking systems.

Comparison Of Beater Additives With Gelatinized Sulphite On Strength Of Kraft Handsheets, Ronald T. Gielczyk

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A literature survey shows that a great deal of work has been done on beater additives. It also showed that there is little or no agreement among workers in this field.

Laboratory work was carried out comparing blends of pulp made up of a sulphite pulp beaten to a "gelatinized" mass and a kraft pulp beaten to two different freeness levels with the same kraft pulps to which guar gum and oxidized potato starch had been added. Results show that guar gum is the best strength developer when both millen and tear are considered.

Low Shrinkage Bleaching Of Unbleached Neutral Sulphite Semichemical Pulp, Jobe B. Morrison

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The main objective of this research project was the investigation of the most feasible method for the bleaching of a soft-cooked unbleached neutral sulphite semichemical aspen pulp cooked to a 70 percent yield. Furthermore, treatment of unbleached, laboratory bleached and commercially bleached neutral sulphite semichemical pulp with a new chemical, sodium borohydride, was also carried out.

The results of our experimental work showed that, the best bleaching procedure was when 15 percent chlorine as hypochlorite was used in the first stage, followed by a hydrochloric acid soaking stage with a final treatment of 2.6 percent hydrogen peroxide. With the above …

Determination Of Chemical Composition Of Wood Pulp Hydrolyzates By Paper Chromatography, Earl W. Malcolm

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The available literature on paper chromatography was surveyed. Special attention was given to those techniques dealing with the analysis of wood pulp hydrolyzates. Five hardwood pulp hydrolyzates were analyzed by paper chromatographic means. All hardwood pulp hydrolyzates analyzed tended to fall in a relatively narrow range of chemical composition. Glucose and xylose were found to be the main constituents with traces of mannose and galactose present in some pulp hydrolyzates.

Study Of Some Factors Which Influence Froth Flotation Of Deinked Stock, Peter C. Longjohn

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Mineral and fiber were concurrently reclaimed from coated waste stock with the froth flotation process. Percentages of ash and fiber reclaimed are included along with the brightness of the deinked stock.

A suitable cooking formula and two flotation systems were discovered which respond favorably to froth flotation and yield a relatively high brightness before bleaching.

Printing Quality As Determined By The I.G.T. Tester, William A. Pritchett Jr.

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Investigation of this method for the determination of printability indicates that it can be used to predict the printability of paper. However, since it lacks numerical rating, the visual evaluation depends finally upon the personal judgment of the investigator.

Pharmacological Studies Of Antidiabetic Chinese Herbs, Mun Fa Lee

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Rehmannia glutinosa, Atractylus ovata, and Polygonatum chinense have all been employed by the Chinese as oral antidiabetic agents and reported by Min (1928), Kin (1931), and Li et al. (1936) to possess hypoglycemic activity. This prompted the pharmacological studies of these herbs.

Materials and methods. Their pharmacognosy was condensed from all available Chinese and scientific literature. Preliminary chemical and physical analyses included determinations for moisture, ash, crude fat, carbohydrates, protein, phosphorus, pH, alkaloids, melting point, and spectroscopy. Employing the Somogyi-Nelson method, their glycemic activity was studied in rats, rabbits, and dogs. Stress reactions were minimized. The effect …

The Development Of The Weberian Ossicles In Pantosteus Plebius, John Lawrence Butler

Biology ETDs

The Weberian apparatus, which was first described by Weber in 1820, is characteristic of the largest order of freshwater fishes, the Ostariophysi, a group that includes, forty-two families, among which are the minnows, suckers, siluroids, and characids. The apparatus of the family Catostomidae, the suckers, is one of the more complex because the anterior vertebrae are more highly modified than in most other groups. Although the suckers have a more complex form of apparatus, they have received comparatively little study, and this is the first developmental investigation of the Weberian ossicles of any catostomid.

The Distribution And Ecology Of The Hispid And Least Cotton Rat (Genus Sigmodon) In New Mexico, John S. Mohlhenrich

Biology ETDs

Two species of cotton rats, Sigmodon minimus Mearns (least cotton rat) and S. hispidus Baird (hispid cotton rat), occur in the Rio Grande Valley of New Mexico. The northernmost published record-station for S. hispidus is near Scorro, Scorro County ( Bailey, 1931: 167), and that S. minimus is near Isleta, Bernalillo County (Ivey, 1947: 498 and map). When recent field work by the author revealed the presence of both species in the Rio Grande Valley north of these published record-stations the problem arose whether the range extensions were the result of a recent northward extension of the range of the …

Lethal Concentrations And Detoxification Time Of Toxaphene For Goldfish, Gambusia And Rainbow Trout, Gar W. Workman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In the past few years the Utah Fish and Game Department, as well as the fish and game departments of other states, has been spending fisheries money for fish eradication on both lakes and streams. The Utah Fish and Game Department recently suggested to the University that research be initiated on the subject of toxaphene as a fish poison. Consequently, a better insight into conditions that exist for a given water type could be developed.

A Method For Determining Proteinase Activity, Bhupendra V. Randeria

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Enzymes play a very important role during the ripening process of the cheese. Enzymes are important in producing the body, texture, and flavor of the cheese. The breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins by added enzymes into different end products during the ripening of the cheese aids the process and may reduce time. The characteristic flavors of different varieties of cheeses are influenced by enzyme action. Some enzyme like proteinases can be used to improve the body, texture, and the flavor of the cheddar cheese. Addition of these enzymes during cheddar cheese making may shorten the ripening period. In order …

Starch Grain Characters, Amylose, And Amylo-Pectin Contents In Relation To Pollination Time And Formation Of Cotyledons In Phaseolus Lunatus L. And Phaseolus Polystachyus L., Amrik Singh Dhaliwal

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Beans are an important source of carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, and vitamins for millions of vegetarians in the world, especially in Asia. The quality and harvesting time of beans depend upon the purpose for which the beans are used. For example, for canning and freezing the beans should be harvested when they are neither starchy nor watery but should be sugary. The processing industry in Asia is not highly developed. Hence, the food is usually preserved by sun drying. Sun dried beans are often consumed the year around.

Pod setting is a problem in lima beans and in various other crops. …

A Study Of Detachment Of Soil By Artificial Rainfall And Its Relation To The Dispersion Ratio And Water Stable Aggregates For Nine Utah Soils, Pundlik N. Kalbhor

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The study of soil erodibility has become of paramount interest in the last few decades. The effects of soil erosion are serious and extensive and affect nearly all people.

In general, man can do little or nothing about the geologic erosion or natural erosion in which the processes of rock weathering and soil erosion gradually wear down the earth's surface. However, human disturbance of the natural conditions of the land surface often creates accelerated erosion. Fertility of eroded soil is usually reduced measurably and crop yields are lowered considerably as erosion removes seed soil nutrients and cover crops. Loss of …

A Morphological Study Of The External Female Genitalia And Spermatheca Of Some Calendra, De Mar H. Curtis

Theses and Dissertations

The genus Calendra is the largest genus of the sub-family Rhynchophorine. There have been 116 species described from the United States and Mexico. At the present time only 71 are recognized as valid species. About 50 of the 71 species occur in the United States and Canada.

Behavior Of The Red-Footed Booby (Sulasula) In British Honduras, Jared Verner

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

During three months of the breeding season in a colony of 3500 Red-footed Boobies (Sula sula) on 45½-acre Half Moon Caye, fifty miles east of Belize, British Honduras, that species’ little-known breeding activities were investigated. Feeding flights of boobies began leaving the caye before daylight and returned in the evening until after dark. Wind direction and velocity notably affected the mode of the birds’ departure but little affected their direction. Average flight-unit size was 2.41 birds. Contrary to published accounts, the boobies were able to take flight from the ground.

The Use Of Protease Enzymes In The Manufacture Of Cheddar Cheese, Osamu Fujiwara

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The factors governing flavor and body and texture in cheese making include the quality of the milk used, the heat treatment of the milk, the quality and quantity of the starter, the treatment during the ripening period, other biological conditions and manufacturing technics.

Biochemical Changes In The Devascularized Femoral Head, Jeanne Wiesseman

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A review of the literature indicates that there have been many attempts to determine the viability of the femoral head after trans cervical fracture of the neck of the femur. These methods have included the use of radioactive isotopes, venography, arteriography and intramedullary pressure determinations. None of these methods have proved entirely satisfactory.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine some of the biochemical changes taking place in the devascularized femoral head. Nineteen dogs were used for the experiments. The femoral neck was fractured transcervically and devascularized. Total devascularinations were performed in the majority of the animals. The animals …

An Evaluation Of The Salt Tolerance Of Selected Clones Of Agropyron Elongatum, Jordan G. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Salt-affected soils make up much of the bottom-lands of the arid and semiarid areas of the western United States and are especially prevalent in irrigated regions. Such soils require special remedial measures, management practices, and salt tolerant crops if they are to have economic value.