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Clinically Relevant Dosage Of Vancomycin Does Not Negatively Impact Periosteum Derived Osteoblast Precursor Cellular Functions, Alexis Hernandez
Clinically Relevant Dosage Of Vancomycin Does Not Negatively Impact Periosteum Derived Osteoblast Precursor Cellular Functions, Alexis Hernandez
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Surgical site infections (SSI) can develop post-operatively and carry significant clinical and financial implications. SSI can carry a cost of up to $30,000 per case, as well as an estimated 6 day longer hospitalization. Patients with Type II Diabetes (DM) have an increased susceptibility to infection and suffer from poor bone healing overall. Therefore, diabetic patients who have undergone orthopedic surgery risk both an increased chance of developing an SSI as well as suboptimal bone healing. Vancomycin and other antibiotics have traditionally been used prophylactically to prevent infection, however the effect of vancomycin on bone healing in a diabetic population …
A Functional Three-Dimensional Microphysiological Model Of Myeloma Bone Disease, Richard Visconti
A Functional Three-Dimensional Microphysiological Model Of Myeloma Bone Disease, Richard Visconti
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic cancer caused by a mature B cell neoplasm, or plasmacytoma, that infiltrates the skeleton at several sites. The disease is characterized by uninhibited transformed plasma cell proliferation that disrupts skeletal homeostasis leading to decreased bone modeling and increased bone resorption. Osteolytic lesions (OL) or voids left in the bone, remain long after the treatment of the cancer and indicate disease progression to myeloma bone disease (MBD). Current combinatorial MM therapies inhibit malignant plasma cell proliferation, slow the progression towards MBD, and increase the mean five-year survival rate, but do little to improve osteoblastic function …
Cd11b+ Depletion Of Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages Negatively Affects Bone Fracture Healing, Sarah Hozain
Cd11b+ Depletion Of Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages Negatively Affects Bone Fracture Healing, Sarah Hozain
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Hematoma formation and inflammation occurs during the beginning stages of fracture repair, which require the presence of innate cells such as macrophages. Macrophages are subdivided into proinflammatory, M1, or anti-inflammatory, M2, phenotypes with different functions, cytokine profiles, and surface markers. In this study, in vitro and in vivo models were used to deplete M1 macrophages, using Mac-1 Sap conjugated antibody (Mac1SAP), to determine the effects on fracture healing. In vitro study, primary macrophages isolated from mice femoral bone marrow were harvested and differentiated into M1 macrophages (+LPS), M2 macrophages (+IL-4), or undifferentiated then treated with either vehicle or 10pM Mac1SAP. …
Vanadium Compounds Modulate Osteoblast Proliferation And Function, Bryan Sosa
Vanadium Compounds Modulate Osteoblast Proliferation And Function, Bryan Sosa
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Osteoblastogenesis is an essential part of the bone healing process. Insulin has been shown to improve bone healing in both normal and diabetic bone healing models. In addition, insulin mimetic compounds such as Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and Vanadyl acetylacetonate (VAC) have also been shown to improve bone healing in these models as well. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of vanadium compounds VAC and Vanadium (II) sulfate (VSO4) in osteoblast proliferation and function. In addition the mechanisms by which growth and function are facilitated by these Vanadium compounds were also evaluated. In …
Zinc Chloride Enhanced Chondrogenesis Is Vegf Dependent, Gilbert M. Sharp Iv
Zinc Chloride Enhanced Chondrogenesis Is Vegf Dependent, Gilbert M. Sharp Iv
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
Researchers have begun investigating whether insulin mimetics such as ZnCl2 could promote bone healing in both non-diabetic and diabetic fracture healing similarly to insulin. Our research focused on understanding the mechanism by which ZnCl2 affects chondrogenesis, an important component of bone fracture healing. The increases in proteoglycan deposition and cell proliferation seen in our data may be a result of ZnCl2 induction of the IGF-1 pathway. When the VEGF pathway was inhibited in ZnCl2- or insulin-treated cells significant decreases in proteoglycan deposition occurred on day 7 and 14 (P=0.007 for ZnCl2, P=0.028 for insulin) when compared to controls. This data …