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The Effect Of Ultraviolet Light On The Color Of Unbleached Pulps: Literature Survey, David L. Brew

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A literature survey was prepared which covered the published information on the effects of ultraviolet light on the color of unbleached pulps.

Experiments were conducted with eight types of unbleached pulp which were converted into optical test pads under varying pH conditions, using sulphuric acid and caustic soda as well as alum and sodium aluminate for adjustment of the hydrogen ion concentration. The optical test pads were exposed to ultraviolet irradiation. Thereafter, reflectance measurements were taken, covering the range of visible light.

From the limited number of experiments which were conducted we can conclude that:

1. Unbleached coniferous kraft, unbleached …

Fibrous Papermaking Materials Developed Since 1950, Thomas C. Elias

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

This thesis describes in its literature survey the general nature of synthetic fibers and the problems involved in their use in papermaking. Several types of organic and inorganic fibers and the benefits obtainable from their use are discussed.

Experimental blends of aluminum and wood pulp were prepared and evaluated as to their physical properties. Procedures for making sheets containing 100 percent Acrilan and blends with sulphite pulp are described. The results of three methods of drying these handsheets are reported.

Separate Refining Versus Mixed Refining Of An “Easy” And “Hard” Refining Pulp, Richard M. Dennany

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A study of the strength development (mullen and tear) of mixtures of "easy" and "hard" refining pulp, in which the pulps were refined as a mixture with that in which they were separately refined, and then mixed, reveals that separate refining develops mullen to the same extent as does mixed refining, but that a higher tearing resistance at the same freeness and mullen can be obtained with separate refining.

Utilization Of Deinking Waste, Richard H. Jones

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Introduction

In research aimed at utilization of sludge obtained from primary sedimentation of deinking mill wastes a literature study was made to determine what has been done toward meeting these ends and what new lines of thought needed investigation.

Our first thought in a literature survey was to find out the nature of the deinking sludge. It was found that the composition of deinking solid varies greatly from mill to mill and is determined by the waste paper used. A commercial laboratory analysis showed that the sludge is principally clay and fiberous materials (Table I) (1).

A early as 1931 …

A Study Of Reuse And Possible Disposal Of Clarified Cooking Liquors From Deinking Systems, Uldis I. Ievans

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Recovery or partial reuse of spent cooking liquors, originating in the manufacture of chemical and semi-chemical wood pulps, has been explored very thoroughly. The recovery or reuse of these spent cooking liquors has been of great economical significance to the paper industry.

Limited information has been available on the reuse of spent cooking liquors from deinking systems.

Comparison Of Beater Additives With Gelatinized Sulphite On Strength Of Kraft Handsheets, Ronald T. Gielczyk

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A literature survey shows that a great deal of work has been done on beater additives. It also showed that there is little or no agreement among workers in this field.

Laboratory work was carried out comparing blends of pulp made up of a sulphite pulp beaten to a "gelatinized" mass and a kraft pulp beaten to two different freeness levels with the same kraft pulps to which guar gum and oxidized potato starch had been added. Results show that guar gum is the best strength developer when both millen and tear are considered.

Low Shrinkage Bleaching Of Unbleached Neutral Sulphite Semichemical Pulp, Jobe B. Morrison

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The main objective of this research project was the investigation of the most feasible method for the bleaching of a soft-cooked unbleached neutral sulphite semichemical aspen pulp cooked to a 70 percent yield. Furthermore, treatment of unbleached, laboratory bleached and commercially bleached neutral sulphite semichemical pulp with a new chemical, sodium borohydride, was also carried out.

The results of our experimental work showed that, the best bleaching procedure was when 15 percent chlorine as hypochlorite was used in the first stage, followed by a hydrochloric acid soaking stage with a final treatment of 2.6 percent hydrogen peroxide. With the above …

Determination Of Chemical Composition Of Wood Pulp Hydrolyzates By Paper Chromatography, Earl W. Malcolm

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The available literature on paper chromatography was surveyed. Special attention was given to those techniques dealing with the analysis of wood pulp hydrolyzates. Five hardwood pulp hydrolyzates were analyzed by paper chromatographic means. All hardwood pulp hydrolyzates analyzed tended to fall in a relatively narrow range of chemical composition. Glucose and xylose were found to be the main constituents with traces of mannose and galactose present in some pulp hydrolyzates.

Study Of Some Factors Which Influence Froth Flotation Of Deinked Stock, Peter C. Longjohn

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Mineral and fiber were concurrently reclaimed from coated waste stock with the froth flotation process. Percentages of ash and fiber reclaimed are included along with the brightness of the deinked stock.

A suitable cooking formula and two flotation systems were discovered which respond favorably to froth flotation and yield a relatively high brightness before bleaching.

Printing Quality As Determined By The I.G.T. Tester, William A. Pritchett Jr.

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Investigation of this method for the determination of printability indicates that it can be used to predict the printability of paper. However, since it lacks numerical rating, the visual evaluation depends finally upon the personal judgment of the investigator.

Some Aspects Of Printing Quality, Robert B. Badger Jr.

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The object of this experiment was to find the effect of various pressures upon the ink coverage and the visual appearance of the half-tone print. A specially designed plate with four evenly spaced elevations was used with a Vandercook proof press. Various grades of paper were used. Results showed: a variation in the range of ink coverage due to the grade of paper and the number of lines of the half-tone; within the area of good printing a small change in pressure caused a large change in ink coverage; the change in ink coverage varied from elevation to elevation; an …

Brush Finishing Of Coated Paperboard, Arlon F. King

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Introduction

It would seem apparent that a brief explanation of the term "brush finishing of paper" is in order before dealing extensively with our literature survey. Although brush finishing is not a new term, it has never been dealt with in its true sense as a means of finishing paper in the paper industry.

Brush-enamel papers were developed and used extensively in the second half of the 19th century and early part of the 20th century. The new development came from Germany and as the art of paper coating had been developed there to a high degree, the brush-polishing process …