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- Agkistrodon piscivorus (2)
- Diet (2)
- Vps1 (2)
- Academic performance; cognitive development; geographic information systems; geographically weighted regression; lead; Missouri Assessment Program (1)
- Acoustic monitoring (1)
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- Alarm cues (1)
- Ambystoma (1)
- Ampelopsis (1)
- Anti-predator response (1)
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- Bluegill (1)
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- Botrytis cinerea (1)
- Cabernet Sauvignon (1)
- Caudate (1)
- Cervidae (1)
- Chambourcin (1)
- Chemical cues (1)
- Chemical detection (1)
- Chytrid (1)
- Cipangopaludina chinensis (1)
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Yeast Dynamin Associates With The Garp Tethering Complex For Endosome-To-Golgi Traffic, Uma Saimani
Yeast Dynamin Associates With The Garp Tethering Complex For Endosome-To-Golgi Traffic, Uma Saimani
MSU Graduate Theses
Yeast dynamin, Vacuolar Protein Sorting 1 (Vps1), has been implicated in recycling proteins and lipids from the endosome to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Previous research showed a genetic interaction of Vps1 with all components of the GARP tethering complex, which anchors vesicles at the late Golgi membrane. I used the yeast two-hybrid system and pinpointed a 33 amino acid segment of Vps51, a GARP subunit, that interacts with Vps1. Based on sequence homology between Vps51 and its mammalian homolog ANG2 in the 33 amino acid stretch, I identified two key residues of Vps51, E127, and Y129, that bind Vps1. The …
The Relationship Between Lead In Groundwater And Elementary School Students' Academic Performance In Missouri, Lynnette Xiangling Li
The Relationship Between Lead In Groundwater And Elementary School Students' Academic Performance In Missouri, Lynnette Xiangling Li
MSU Graduate Theses
Lead exposure can come from various sources, e.g., lead mines, industrial areas, and lead based paint. Missouri has more than 4,128 lead mines. Lead is a neurotoxin. The objectives of the study were to investigate i) the spatial relationship between lead mines and lead distribution in groundwater, ii) the statistical impact of lead in groundwater on students' Missouri Assessment Program (MAP) scores, and iii) the geographic variations of lead's impact on students' MAP scores. Geographic Information Science spatial analysis tools were used to analyze the concentration of lead in groundwater within school districts in Missouri. Regression analysis was utilized to …
Effect Of A Short-Term Field Experience On Student Outdoor Environmental Knowledge, Comfort Levels, Attitude, And Action Scores, Brandi Niccole Silvey
Effect Of A Short-Term Field Experience On Student Outdoor Environmental Knowledge, Comfort Levels, Attitude, And Action Scores, Brandi Niccole Silvey
MSU Graduate Theses
Many children today may not be familiar with nature due to lack of experience and education in the outdoors. If they are not exposed to nature, then they will not be as comfortable in the outdoors. This study evaluates the effectiveness of educational activities at the Watershed Center in Springfield, Missouri on high school students' and college level pre-service teachers' knowledge, comfort levels, attitudes, and actions toward the outdoor environment. Post-field trip responses of students who came to the Watershed Center were compared to students who did not participate in a field trip. Teachers were also surveyed to assess why …
Behavioral Responses Of Ringed And Spotted Salamanders To Diet-Related Cues From Predators, Kayla Shelton
Behavioral Responses Of Ringed And Spotted Salamanders To Diet-Related Cues From Predators, Kayla Shelton
MSU Graduate Theses
Multiple species of Ambystoma can sometimes coexist in ponds, often forming a prey guild. In the Ozarks, ringed salamanders (Ambystoma annulatum) can coexist with marbled salamanders (A. opacum) and spotted salamanders (A. maculatum). Ringed and marbled salamanders lay their eggs in ponds in the fall and overwinter as larvae, whereas spotted salamanders breed in the spring. Ringed and marbled salamander larvae can be cannibalistic and can prey upon larvae of the other two species. Larvae should experience increased survival if they can discriminate between predators that have recently consumed another salamander (high risk) versus those that have not (low risk). …
Upper Thermal Limits Of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia, Unionoida) In Ramped Temperature Exposures, Kathryn Rae Cottrell Martin
Upper Thermal Limits Of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia, Unionoida) In Ramped Temperature Exposures, Kathryn Rae Cottrell Martin
MSU Graduate Theses
The purpose of this study was to determine the upper thermal limits of unionids. Three species of juvenile freshwater mussels were tested in lab experiments mimicking a diel pattern of temperature change (increasing 6 h, peak 2 h, and decreasing 8 h). The peak temperature fatal to half of the exposed population (LT50) was tested with respect to species, population, age, and seasonal acclimation. Mortality was monitored for 2 weeks after exposure. The smallest size classes were tested in a thermal cycler instrument, a novel application for testing mussels. LT50s for juveniles less than 3 weeks old were within 2-3°;C …
Discover And Analysis Of Grapevine Vein-Clearing Virus In Ampelopsis Cordata, Sylvia Marie Petersen
Discover And Analysis Of Grapevine Vein-Clearing Virus In Ampelopsis Cordata, Sylvia Marie Petersen
MSU Graduate Theses
A recent threat to the sustainability of grape production is Grapevine vein-clearing virus (GVCV), the first DNA virus discovered in grapevines. Infection with GVCV leads to vine decline, lower quality berries, and eventual death of the grapevine. Since GVCV was discovered in cultivated grapevines, research has been dedicated to investigating its range and origin. The entire genome of the first GVCV isolate from a grape cultivar ‘Chardonel' has been deposited in GenBank and is used as a reference genome. More recently, two GVCV isolates were found in native Vitis rupestris in Missouri. In this thesis project, I applied polymerase chain …
Functional Analysis Of Grapevine Sts7 And Sts22 Promoters, Lianhua Lianhua Xu
Functional Analysis Of Grapevine Sts7 And Sts22 Promoters, Lianhua Lianhua Xu
MSU Graduate Theses
Stilbenic compounds are a group of phytoalexins that are produced by a limited number of plant species including grapevine to defend against diseases. Stilbene synthase (STS) is the key enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of stilbenic compounds. Previous results indicated a significant increase in the abundance of transcripts of STS7 and STS22 genes in powdery mildew-infected Cabernet Sauvignon leaves. I isolated the promoter sequences of STS7 and STS22 from grapevine Vitis aestivalis "Norton"(Va) and Vitis vinifera "Cabernet Sauvignon"(Vv) and studied their activities in transgenic plants. The results showed high activity of VaSTS7 and VaSTS22 promoters in transgenic plant leaves at …
High Tunnel Production Of Primocane Bearing Red Raspberries In Grow Bags, Jennifer Sue Morganthaler
High Tunnel Production Of Primocane Bearing Red Raspberries In Grow Bags, Jennifer Sue Morganthaler
MSU Graduate Theses
Raspberries (Rubus idaeus) are a perennial crop with increasing consumer demand. While this highly perishable crop has not proven to be a commercially viable field grown crop in the Midwest, it does show increased yields when grown in a high tunnel. High tunnel construction in Missouri has increased partly due to the NRCS grant program. However, high tunnel production permanently utilizes that space. Bagged culture allows growers the ability to maximize high tunnel space and produce other annual crops, while testing the performance of the crop for their production. This 4 year trial evaluates 5 primocane bearing red raspberries cultivars …
Protein And Exercise Effects On The Musculature Of The Back In Horses, Taryn Elizabeth Smith
Protein And Exercise Effects On The Musculature Of The Back In Horses, Taryn Elizabeth Smith
MSU Graduate Theses
This study was designed to examine the effects of exercise on the musculature of the back of ten horses which are used to teach beginning through advanced horsemanship. This was executed by implementing a strict exercise protocol, examining body composition changes and subjecting them to a standard exercise test at the beginning and end of the experimental period in order to determine change in aerobic conditioning. Horses were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups for six weeks; Purina SuperSportTM (40% CP) and MFA Easy Keeper™ (32% CP). Body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), rump fat, topline evaluation …
Endozoochorous Spread Of Nonnative Plant Species By White-Tailed Deer, Odocoileus Virginianus, Andrew Jordan Spychalla
Endozoochorous Spread Of Nonnative Plant Species By White-Tailed Deer, Odocoileus Virginianus, Andrew Jordan Spychalla
MSU Graduate Theses
Movement of plant seeds can be facilitated by endozoochory in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and elk (Cervus elaphus), but at rates that are unknown in natural systems. Spread of planted forage crops into wildlands, or nonnative invasive weeds into food plots would affect ecosystem processes and management costs. To address endozoochory, collections of fecal pellets from both ungulate species were done at the Current River Conservation Area in Southeastern Missouri. Randomly chosen individual pellets collected from nine food plots were planted in a greenhouse setting. After cold stratification of pellets (2°C at 15 days), pellets were either left whole or …
Gray Bat Migration In Missouri, Cheyenne Leigh Gerdes
Gray Bat Migration In Missouri, Cheyenne Leigh Gerdes
MSU Graduate Theses
Migration is an important and understudied aspect of the life histories of many species, particularly bats. Migration impacts conservation efforts, including efforts to manage the impacts of wildlife disease. The federally endangered gray bat (Myotis grisescens) is a migratory species with documented infections by Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the fungus that causes White-nose Syndrome (WNS). To better understand migration as it might relate to WNS, I quantified the timing and location of gray bat movements in Missouri using acoustic detectors and bat banding. I recorded calls at 4 maternity sites from January to May 2015, and used the R package PVAClone to …
Impairing The Insect Immune System With Plant-Derived Substances, Katherine Haszcz
Impairing The Insect Immune System With Plant-Derived Substances, Katherine Haszcz
MSU Graduate Theses
Worldwide resistance to current insecticides continues to grow at an alarming rate, with the danger of pesticide overuse reducing acceptable doses. Alternative strategies for insect pest management are therefore imperative. By compromising the insect immune system with plant-derived substances and studying the detailed processes involved in hemocyte-mediated responses, one can develop improved methods for insect control. Hemocyte numbers change in response to stress. This allows essential defense mechanisms such as phagocytosis and encapsulation to take place. In this thesis, plant-derived substances were used to challenge larval-stage Galleria mellonella (Family: Lepidoptera) due to their nontoxic nature and high value in pest …
Investigation Into The Genetic Basis Of Leaf Shape Morphology In Grapes, Brigette Rachelle Williams
Investigation Into The Genetic Basis Of Leaf Shape Morphology In Grapes, Brigette Rachelle Williams
MSU Graduate Theses
Leaves are a highly distinguishing characteristic in grape (Vitis vinifera) and display great diversity in comparison to other crops. However, little is known about the genetic basis of leaf shape in grape. Here, morphometrics and 40,724 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are correlated to describe the relationship between genotype and phenotype of leaf shape in grape. Parent vines (Norton and Cabernet Sauvignon) and their F1 progeny make up the mapping population located at the State Fruit Experiment Station, Genomics Research Vineyard on Missouri State University campus in Mountain Grove, Missouri. Important leaf shape characteristics (n=17) were identified based on the venation pattern, …
Utilization Of Microsatellite Markers For A Comparative Assessment Of Norton And Cynthiana, And The Linkage Map Construction Of A 'Chambourcin' X 'Cabernet Sauvignon' Population, Mia Elizabeth Mann
Utilization Of Microsatellite Markers For A Comparative Assessment Of Norton And Cynthiana, And The Linkage Map Construction Of A 'Chambourcin' X 'Cabernet Sauvignon' Population, Mia Elizabeth Mann
MSU Graduate Theses
The first part of this study utilized microsatellites to comparatively assess the cultivars Norton and Cynthiana. Although isozyme and simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker analyses in 1993 and 2009 provided preliminary evidence that Norton and Cynthiana grapes are genetically identical, only five banding patterns and four microsatellite loci were reported. Microsatellites (n=185) spanning 19 linkage groups were used to compare the cultivars for a genome-wide analysis. Capillary electrophoresis results revealed Norton and Cynthiana to be identical at 98.6% of alleles. In the second part of this study, an interspecific hybrid population was generated by crossing V. interspecific hybrid 'Chambourcin' and …
Venom Expelled By Cottonmouths (Agkistrodon Piscivorus) Across Different Prey Sizes, Prey Taxa, And Snake Body Temperatures, Kari Lynn Spivey
Venom Expelled By Cottonmouths (Agkistrodon Piscivorus) Across Different Prey Sizes, Prey Taxa, And Snake Body Temperatures, Kari Lynn Spivey
MSU Graduate Theses
Pit vipers possess a sophisticated venom delivery system enabling them to efficiently disable prey. To avoid retaliatory countermeasures, pit vipers typically release envenomated prey which are then trailed and consumed after succumbing to venom effects. Successful retrieval of released prey should vary with venom resistance and trail ability of prey types. The effects of prey size and prey type (mice, lizards, and frogs) on foraging behavior and venom expenditure in a cohort of juvenile cottonmouths was examined. Venom expenditure did not vary significantly among prey sizes or prey types. However, lizard prey were held significantly more often than mice. The …
Effectiveness Of The Qar Reading Strategy On Science Reading, Courtney Anne Broser
Effectiveness Of The Qar Reading Strategy On Science Reading, Courtney Anne Broser
MSU Graduate Theses
The Questions-Answer Relationship (QAR) is a reading strategy that guides student comprehension by allowing the student to demonstrate their ability to determine importance, make inferences, and monitor comprehension through questions. The study was conducted on high school students in physical science to determine if the implementation of the QAR would improve content area literacy knowledge and confidence from pre-test and post-test data. Pedagogies included modeling, collaboration, independent work, guided practice, direct instruction, and inquiry laboratories. Through the implementation of the QAR method, the researcher found that students that learned new reading strategies gained confidence and were more engaged in the …
Natural History And Conservation Of Bolitoglossine Salamanders In Central Panama, Leslie Caren Brinkman
Natural History And Conservation Of Bolitoglossine Salamanders In Central Panama, Leslie Caren Brinkman
MSU Graduate Theses
I conducted a mark-recapture study to assess the natural history of a Neotropical salamander community in three discrete 4–6 week sampling periods at Chorro Las Yayas, a protected natural area of about 8000 m2 in central Panama, during an extended drought. I captured 87 Bolitoglossa biseriata, 17 Oedipina complex, and 15 O. parvipes. Bolitoglossa biseriata, had a mean mass of 0.8 ± 0.4 g with a mean snout-vent length (SVL) of 31.45 ± 5.30 mm. Bolitoglossa biseriata was active throughout the night, and its detection rate varied with season, air temperature, and amount of precipitation in the previous 24 h. …
The Effectiveness Of Visits To Dickerson Park Zoo On Guests' Conservation Mindedness And Behavior, Sarah K. Foster
The Effectiveness Of Visits To Dickerson Park Zoo On Guests' Conservation Mindedness And Behavior, Sarah K. Foster
MSU Graduate Theses
Today, there are more than 10,000 zoos worldwide that provide the public with opportunities to observe and learn about endangered and threatened species from ecosystems all over the world. Through direct and emotional interactions with wildlife at zoos, more than 600 million guests a year have a chance to evolve from spectators to participants of conservation. A mixed-method survey strategy took place at Dickerson Park Zoo in Springfield Missouri about the Species Survival Plan to understand guest’s conservation mindedness and behavior changes after a visit. Initial surveys were given in the zoo and the follow-up surveys were given online a …
Friends In Low Places: Responses Of A Benthic Stream Fish To Intra-Guild Alarm Cues, Kelsey Ann Anderson
Friends In Low Places: Responses Of A Benthic Stream Fish To Intra-Guild Alarm Cues, Kelsey Ann Anderson
MSU Graduate Theses
Many aquatic species produce chemical alarm cues that serve as a warning to nearby conspecifics. In mixed-species aggregations, individuals may also benefit by “eavesdropping” on the chemical alarm cues of other species that are in the same prey-guild. Rainbow Darters (Etheostoma caeruleum) are benthic fish that co-occur with native Ozark Minnows (Notropis nubilus), recently-introduced Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), and native Oklahoma Salamanders (Eurycea tyrnerensis), all of whom are vulnerable to the same predators. We tested the responses of darters to the damage-released alarm cues of conspecifics (positive control), minnows, and mosquitofish; alarm cues from Bumblebee Gobies (Brachygobius doriae) served as …
Yeast Dynamin Functions With Escrt-Ii At The Late Endosome And Potential Roles With Novel Binding Partners, Bryan Thien Banh
Yeast Dynamin Functions With Escrt-Ii At The Late Endosome And Potential Roles With Novel Binding Partners, Bryan Thien Banh
MSU Graduate Theses
Yeast dynamin, Vps1, is a dynamic protein implicated in multiple trafficking pathways and at several cellular locations including the Golgi, endosome, and vacuole. Previous studies have found that Vps1 genetically and physically interacts with several ESCRT-II (Vps22, Vps36) and ESCRT-III (Vps2, Vps24) components. In light of these findings, little is known about how Vps1 functions with the ESCRT system. In my study, I have mapped the interaction domains between Vps1 and Vps22/Vps36 as well as explored the potential roles of these proteins during the targeting of vacuolar hydrolase, Cps1. My results support the idea of Vps1 working at the endosomal …
Institutional Versus Intermediated Buyers: Barriers And Requirements Of Buying Local Food Products, Jennifer Marie Moldovan
Institutional Versus Intermediated Buyers: Barriers And Requirements Of Buying Local Food Products, Jennifer Marie Moldovan
MSU Graduate Theses
Expenditures on locally grown food products are only a small portion of the total food expenditures in the United States. In order to find a way to increase this percentage, this study aims to identify various types of buyers currently participating in the purchase of locally grown food products. Buyers were divided into two groups: institutions and intermediated. A comparison of for both classifications of buyers was done to find the difference in their perceived barriers and requirements for purchasing local food. Determining these differences could help in future policymaking decisions in local food industries. This will also help farmers …
Quantitative Trait Loci (Qtl) Analysis Of Sulfur Sensitivity In Vitis Aestivalis-Derived 'Norton', Logan Michael Duncan
Quantitative Trait Loci (Qtl) Analysis Of Sulfur Sensitivity In Vitis Aestivalis-Derived 'Norton', Logan Michael Duncan
MSU Graduate Theses
The grape and wine industry relies heavily on sulfur and sulfur containing compounds to control the fungal disease powdery mildew (PM). Sulfur dioxide induces large-scale transcriptomic modification in the Eurasian grape species Vitis vinifera with little to no phytotoxicity. However, genetic factors contributing to sulfur sensitivity, characterized by vegetative necrosis and defoliation, remain undefined in North American grape species and their commercial hybrids. A mapping population, consisting of 147 F1 genotypes, was created by crossing V. aestivalis-derived ‘Norton’ and V. vinifera ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ to identify the genetic basis for sulfur sensitivity in North American wine grapes. Clonally propagated F1 genotypes …
Behavioral Responses By Cottonmouths (Agkistrodon Piscivorus) To Chemical And Visual Predator Cues, Kristen Lee Kohlhepp
Behavioral Responses By Cottonmouths (Agkistrodon Piscivorus) To Chemical And Visual Predator Cues, Kristen Lee Kohlhepp
MSU Graduate Theses
Predator detection and assessment of predation risk have important survival consequences for animals. However, responses to predatory threats can vary with different stimuli. Chemical cues are important for predator recognition but visual cues may elicit defensive responses. Cottonmouths (Agkistrodon piscivorus) exhibit an array of antipredatory behaviors that have been thoroughly characterized in response to human aggressors, but their responses to cues from other predators are poorly known. I conducted three experiments to evaluate cottonmouth responses to visual and chemical stimuli from predators and non-predators. Snakes exposed to predator chemical cues exhibited elevated tongue-flick rates compared to controls but did not …
Trophic Interactions And The Efficacy Of Milfoil Weevils For Biocontrol Of Eurasian Watermilfoil In Wisconsin Lakes, Kristopher Andrew Maxson
Trophic Interactions And The Efficacy Of Milfoil Weevils For Biocontrol Of Eurasian Watermilfoil In Wisconsin Lakes, Kristopher Andrew Maxson
MSU Graduate Theses
Eurasian water-milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L., henceforth “EWM”) is the most heavily managed nuisance submersed aquatic plant in the United States. EWM’s rapid spring growth and formation of dense surface mats inhibits native macrophyte communities, serves as poor-quality habitat for fish and macroinvertebrates, impacts recreation, and can clog water supply infrastructure. The milfoil weevil (Euhrychiopsis lecontei Dietz) has been associated with EWM declines in several states, though natural weevil densities are generally too small to effect control. Augmentative biocontrol has had varied success and fish predation may account for high weevil mortality. Weevils were augmented in 4 northern Wisconsin lakes in …
Size-Selective Predation By Ringed Crayfish (Orconectes Neglectus) On Native And Invasive Snails, Whitney Marie Kelley
Size-Selective Predation By Ringed Crayfish (Orconectes Neglectus) On Native And Invasive Snails, Whitney Marie Kelley
MSU Graduate Theses
As invasive species are introduced into new habitats, predator-prey interactions can be altered. Cipangopaludina chinensis is a large snail that has been introduced into numerous waterbodies throughout the United States, where it coexists with native snails and their crayfish consumers. This study examined the relative susceptibility of C. chinensis and two native snails (Elimia potosiensis and Physella gyrina) to predation by the ringed crayfish (Orconectes neglectus). I conducted field surveys of snails and crayfish in three Ozark streams, plus a series of four lab experiments to determine feeding rates and prey preference by O. neglectus on these three snail species. …
Land Use And Land Cover Classification And Change Detection Using Naip Imagery From 2009 To 2014: Table Rock Lake Region, Missouri, Dexuan Sha Sha
Land Use And Land Cover Classification And Change Detection Using Naip Imagery From 2009 To 2014: Table Rock Lake Region, Missouri, Dexuan Sha Sha
MSU Graduate Theses
Land use and land cover (LULC) of Table Rock Lake (TRL) region has changed over the last half century after the construction of Table Rock Dam in 1959. This study uses one meter spatial resolution imagery to classify and detect the change of LULC of three typical waterside TRL regions. The main objectives are to provide an efficient and reliable classification workflow for regional level NAIP aerial imagery and identify the dynamic patterns for study areas. Seven class types are extracted by optimal classification results from year 2009, 2010, 2012 and 2014 of Table Rock Village, Kimberling City and Indian …