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Life Sciences

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

1976

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Inducing Puberty In Beef Heifers With Hormones, R. Debenedetti, G.H. Kiracofe, V. Hultine, R.M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles Jan 1976

Inducing Puberty In Beef Heifers With Hormones, R. Debenedetti, G.H. Kiracofe, V. Hultine, R.M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twenty-six Polled Hereford and Simmental-cross heifers that had not cycled by the beginning of the breeding season were given an ear implant and injected with an estrogen-progestogen compound. The implant was removed after 9 days and all heifers were in estrus 1 to 5 days later. Six heifers conceived the first insemination, 11 the second, and 24 during the 65-day breeding season.

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Effect Of Rumensin On Performance Of Finishing Steers, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley Jan 1976

Effect Of Rumensin On Performance Of Finishing Steers, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred ten Hereford x Angus crossbred yearling steers were used in two trials to determine effects of Monensin (trade name Rumensin) on performance and carcass characteristics. Top dressing a protein supplement (crumbles or pellets) containing Rumensin was an acceptable way to feed the compound in trial 1. Rumensin increased gain 2.0% reduced feed intake 4.3%, and improved feed efficiency 6.1%. Trial 2 was conducted to determine if Rumensin could be fed to steers after they had been on a high concentrate ration at least 56 days. Four levels (1, 10, 20, and 30 grams per ton) were compared. Ten …

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Feeding Propionic Acid-Treated, Flaked Sorghum To Finishing Steers, Terry L. Gugle, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley Jan 1976

Feeding Propionic Acid-Treated, Flaked Sorghum To Finishing Steers, Terry L. Gugle, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fifty-four yearling Hereford steers averaging 805 pounds were used in an 86-day finishing trial to determine the effect of adding low levels of propionic acid to steam flaked sorghum grain. Three treatments were examined. Treatment one consisted of sorghum grain steam flaked twice weekly for a maximum of 4 days between flaking. Treatment two was the same as treatment 1 except that propionic acid was added into the discharge auger at 0.15% of the weight of the flakes. Treatment three was flaking once a week with propionic acid added at 0.25% of the weight of the flakes. Both acid levels …

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Evaluation Of The New (Usda, 1974) Carcass Beef Quality Grade Standards, D.R. Campion, J.D. Crouse, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1976

Evaluation Of The New (Usda, 1974) Carcass Beef Quality Grade Standards, D.R. Campion, J.D. Crouse, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Carcasses from 1,117 steers from Hereford and Angus dams mated artificially to Hereford, Angus, Charolais, Jersey, South Devon, Simmental and Limousin sires were studied. The study was to evaluate the UDSA 1965 quality grade ('65-QG) standards in relation to palatability of rib steaks, and also to see how the new grades change the distribution of carcasses in each grade. Rib steaks from 494 of these carcasses were cooked and evaluated by a taste panel; a rib steak from each of the 1,117 carcasses was cooked and measured for tenderness by a Warner-Bratzler shear-device. All data were adjusted to a constant …

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Forage And Grain Yields Of Wheat And Barley, K. Bolsen, L.L. Berger, W. Moore Jan 1976

Forage And Grain Yields Of Wheat And Barley, K. Bolsen, L.L. Berger, W. Moore

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our objectives were to determine the effects of variety and stage of plant growth at harvest on forage and grain yields of wheat and barley. Plots were grown at the Animal Science and Industry Farm near Manhattan in 1973-74 and 1974-75 and at the South Central Kansas Experiment Field at Hutchinson in 1974-75. Hard red winter wheat varieties used were Parker, Eagle and Sage; soft red winter wheats were Arthur-71 and Blue Boy II. Three winter barley varieties were Paoli, Jefferson and Kanby. All cereals were harvested for forage in boot, milk and dough stages of plant growth and each …

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Harvesting Sorghum Stover, G.E. Fairbanks, J.D. Hoover Jan 1976

Harvesting Sorghum Stover, G.E. Fairbanks, J.D. Hoover

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two types of big round balers and a small stackmaker were used to harvest grain sorghum stubble after the grain was harvested during the fall and winter months of 1975. The stubble was about 21 inches high and about 4 inches of stubble was left after windrowing.

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Effects Of Inbreeding On Postweaning Performance Of Shorthorn Beef Cattle, M.H. Hall, W.H. Smith, R.R. Schalles Jan 1976

Effects Of Inbreeding On Postweaning Performance Of Shorthorn Beef Cattle, M.H. Hall, W.H. Smith, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two inbred lines of Shorthorn beef cattle were established during 1950 to evaluate inbreeding. Analyses of postweaning production data for the first four generations of inbreeding indicate that inbreeding in calves depresses yearling type score, average daily gain, and weight per day of age, but not feed efficiency. The growth depression effects were relatively minor, however. Inbreeding in dams of the calves did not significantly affect any of those traits. Observations to date indicate that mild inbreeding will not cause fitness traits to deteriorate in beef cattle.

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Methods Of Improving Quality Of Grass-Fed Beef, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, V. Chen, A. Harrison, O. Corte, C. Kuntapanit, M.E. Smith, J. Thomas, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 1976

Methods Of Improving Quality Of Grass-Fed Beef, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, V. Chen, A. Harrison, O. Corte, C. Kuntapanit, M.E. Smith, J. Thomas, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ten steers of known background, approximately 18 months old, and wintered on alfalfa and protein were finished on a brome and bluestem grazing program. Carcass characteristics were measured. The influence of conditioning carcass halves at 55 F until eight hours post-mortem was compared with conventional chilling at 36 F. Finally, the effects of vacuum storage and display on beef quality were evaluated.

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Correlations For Performance Traits Of Growing Boars (1976), P B. Conley Iii, T W. Orwig, Robert H. Hines Jan 1976

Correlations For Performance Traits Of Growing Boars (1976), P B. Conley Iii, T W. Orwig, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Performance records of 275 boars, beginning at 65 and ending at 250 lbs., were analyzed to determine correlations of performance traits. Fastest growing boars were more efficient (r=-.49). In addition, faster gaining boars also tended to have more backfat (r=.20). Backfat thickness and feed efficiency were not related (r=.0l). Average daily gain from 65 to 220 lbs. was highly correlated with average daily gain from 65 to 250 lbs. (r=.92), which suggests that boars need not be tested to heavier weights. The feed/gain ratios during both test periods likewise were highly correlated (r=.82).; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1976

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Added Pyridoxine For Finishing-Pig Rations (1976), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1976

Added Pyridoxine For Finishing-Pig Rations (1976), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pyridoxine added to finishing rations at two levels did not improve pig performance. Performance of pigs receiving a 20% crude protein broiler ration equalled, but was not better than, that of pigs receiving a standard 16% crude protein ration.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1976

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Effects Of Fat Level And Calorie-Protein Ratio On Performance Of Finishing Pigs (1976), G L. Allee Jan 1976

Effects Of Fat Level And Calorie-Protein Ratio On Performance Of Finishing Pigs (1976), G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred twenty finishing pigs averaging 52.9 kg (116 lbs.) initially were used to study effects of fat level and calorie-protein (C:P) ratio on performance and carcass traits of pigs fed a sorghum-soybean meal basal ration. The basal ration contained 13.1% crude protein, 0.55% lysine, 0.68% calcium and 0.59% phosphorus. Fat (tallow) was added to the basal ration at the expense of sorghum at 0, 3, 6, and 9% while maintaining a constant C:P ratio. Also, 9% fat was added to the basal ration without adjusting the C:P ratio. With a constant C:P ratio, daily gain and feed efficiency were …

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Efficacy Of Trolene 40 Insecticidal Premix To Control Grubs In Feedlot Cattle, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley Jan 1976

Efficacy Of Trolene 40 Insecticidal Premix To Control Grubs In Feedlot Cattle, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ninety Angus crossbred steers originating from northwestern Nebraska and averageing 440 lb. were used to evaluate the efficacy of Trolene 40 insecticidal premix to control cattle grubs in feedlot cattle. Thirty steers were randomly assigned to each of these three treatments: (1) control; (2) .0018 lb. runnel/100 lb. body weight per day for 7 days; (3) .0009 lb. runnel/100 lb. body weight for 14 days. The active ingredient was incorporated into a ground-sorghum-grain premix and fed in the complete ration. The trial started November 21; the 14-day feeding ended December 2, 1974. Grub counts were made February 27, 1975. The …

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Response Of Yearling Steers To Burning And Fertilizing Pasture And Intensive Early Season Stocking (Bluestem Pastures), L.H. Harbers, R.R. Schalles, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby, Don Boggs Jan 1976

Response Of Yearling Steers To Burning And Fertilizing Pasture And Intensive Early Season Stocking (Bluestem Pastures), L.H. Harbers, R.R. Schalles, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby, Don Boggs

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Nine pastures totaling 492 acres were summer grazed by yearling Hereford, Hereford-Angus cross, and Angus steers distributed equally by breed. Five pastures were burned April 22, 1975; four were not burned. Burned and nonburned pastures had 0, 40, or 80 lbs. of nitrogen per acre applied aerially April 29, 1975. Stocking rates were determined with herbage production data from experimental plots under similar treatments. Under equal fertilization and stocking ratios, burned and fertilized pastures produced as much or more average daily gain and more gain per acre than nonburned pastures. Fertilizing and heavier stocking tended to reduce average daily gains …

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Cow And Calf Performances As Affected By Fertilizing And Burning Bluestem Pastures, R.R. Schalles, L.H. Harbers, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby, Don Boggs Jan 1976

Cow And Calf Performances As Affected By Fertilizing And Burning Bluestem Pastures, R.R. Schalles, L.H. Harbers, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby, Don Boggs

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Burning and fertilizing Bluestem pastures were evaluated by comparing performances of spring-calving cows and calves that grazed them. Two control-pastures were not burned or fertilized; two pastures were burned; and two were burned and fertilized with 40 pounds of nitrogen an acre, applied aerially. Neither average daily gains or the calves nor reproductive performance of the cows differed significantly among treatments, but more pounds of calf were weaned per acre from pastures burned and fertilized.

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Response Of Yearling Steers On Bluestem Pasture To Ralgro, Synovex S And Stilbestrol Implants, E.F. Smith, Jack G. Riley, Don Boggs Jan 1976

Response Of Yearling Steers On Bluestem Pasture To Ralgro, Synovex S And Stilbestrol Implants, E.F. Smith, Jack G. Riley, Don Boggs

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred seventy-five Hereford, Hereford-Angus cross and Angus steers, averaging 553 lbs., were distributed as equally as possible by breed among four pastures. The pasture season was May 2 to October 5, 1975 (152 days). A third of the steers in each pasture were implanted with one of the three following materials: Ralgro, Synovex S, Stilbestrol (30 mg.). There was no significant difference in gains by the groups. Previous research has shown that Stilbestrol implants increase weight gains of steers on bluestem pasture 10 to 15 percent.

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Adjusting Protein In Cattle Rations During Cold Weather, D.R. Ames Jan 1976

Adjusting Protein In Cattle Rations During Cold Weather, D.R. Ames

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two winter trials have indicated that protein can be removed from growing rations during cold weather without lowering average daily gain. Cattle consumed 0.29 and 0.33 lb/hd/da (0.11 and 0.15 kg/hd/da) less protein supplement (soybean oil meal) during winters 1975 and 1976, respectively.

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Micronized Milo And Urea In High-Hay Growing Rations For Beef Heifers, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley Jan 1976

Micronized Milo And Urea In High-Hay Growing Rations For Beef Heifers, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twenty-four individually fed heifers were used to evaluate four combinations of micronized or dry-rolled milo and soybean meal or urea supplements in prairie hay growing rations. Feeding 5 lbs. of micronized milo produced 23% faster and 18% more efficient gains than feeding 5 lbs. of dry-rolled milo. Heifers fed micronized milo + urea tended to gain faster and more efficiently than heifers fed dry-rolled milo + soybean meal.

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Energy Levels And Roughage Sources For Bulls On 140-Day Test, M. Mckee, K.L. Conway, G. Fink, R.R. Schalles, K.K. Bolsen, K.O. Zoellner Jan 1976

Energy Levels And Roughage Sources For Bulls On 140-Day Test, M. Mckee, K.L. Conway, G. Fink, R.R. Schalles, K.K. Bolsen, K.O. Zoellner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eight Hereford, 16 Angus, and 36 part Simmental bulls were tested for 140 days (October 15, 1974 to March 4, 1975) for weight gained. Bulls were divided into four groups and fed four rations that had been formulated for two energy levels (high or medium) and two sources of roughage (corn silage or oats and prairie hay). Average daily gains (lbs.) on the four rations were: high energy silage, 3.36; high energy oats and prairie hay, 3.31; low energy silage, 2.77; and low energy oats and prairie hay, 3.25.

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Preheating Ventilating Air With Solar Energy (1976), C K. Spillman, F V. Robbins, B A. Koch Jan 1976

Preheating Ventilating Air With Solar Energy (1976), C K. Spillman, F V. Robbins, B A. Koch

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

When animals are confined inside buildings, ventilating air is required to remove moisture and odors. Young animals require relatively warm temperatures and do not produce enough heat to offset that lost through walls and to warm ventilating air. Supplemental heat required by young animals does not need to be high quality, and heating the air a few degrees is adequate for much of the fall, winter, and spring. For example, assume that a 26-sow, farrowing house has a 500 cfm fan. Current recommendations are to run that size fan continuously during the winter. If the ventilating air is heated 30 …

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Flavor Enhancers In Growing-Pig Rations (1976), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1976

Flavor Enhancers In Growing-Pig Rations (1976), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Groups of growing pigs restricted to control feed or feed containing one of 5 commercial flavoring agents or taste enhancers consumed similar amounts of feed and made similar weight gains and similar feed/gain.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1976

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Evaluation Of Antibacterial Preparations On Growth Rate And Feed Efficiency Of Young Pigs (1976), G L. Allee, B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines Jan 1976

Evaluation Of Antibacterial Preparations On Growth Rate And Feed Efficiency Of Young Pigs (1976), G L. Allee, B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ninety-six young pigs were used to evaluate various antibacterial preparations on rate and efficiency of gain. Each of the antibacterial preparations increased rate of gain over pigs fed the non-medicated basal diet. There were no significant differences in daily gains of pigs fed ASP-250, CSP-250, Lincomix, Mecadox, or Stafac.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 11, 1976

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Effects Of Processing Methods On The Nutritional Value Of Sorghum For Weaned Pigs (1976), G L. Allee Jan 1976

Effects Of Processing Methods On The Nutritional Value Of Sorghum For Weaned Pigs (1976), G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred twenty-six weaned, crossbred pigs averaging 14 kg (31 lbs.) initially were used to evaluate the effects of various methods of processing sorghum grain. Processing methods evaluated were: pelleting, extruding, micronizing, high-moisture grain stored in an oxygen limiting structure, and high-moisture grain treated with propionic acid. Except for pelleting, only the grain (sorghum) was exposed to the various processing methods. After being processed, the sorghum was ground and incorporated into a 18% sorghum-soybean meal diet. None of the processing methods increased weight gain of weaned pigs over that by pigs fed the control diet (ground sorghum fed as a …

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Dehydrated Alfalfa To Control Intake Of Self-Fed Sows During Gestation (1976), G L. Allee Jan 1976

Dehydrated Alfalfa To Control Intake Of Self-Fed Sows During Gestation (1976), G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials with 47 second-and third-litter sows and one trial involving 40 gilts were conducted to evaluate self-feeding a diet containing 96% dehydrated alfalfa during gestation. Sows were maintained in outside lots (approximately 2 1/2 acres) until the 100 - 110th day of gestation. The control gestation ration (15% protein sorghum-soybean meal) was fed in individual feeding stalls at 2 kg (4.4 lbs.) per head per day. All sows were fed a 16% protein diet ad libitum during the 28-day lactation period. Trial I using Yorkshire sows started in July with sows farrowing in September. Trial II using Duroc sows …

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Effect Of Rumensin On Performance Of Growing Heifers, K. Bolsen, L. Corah, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley Jan 1976

Effect Of Rumensin On Performance Of Growing Heifers, K. Bolsen, L. Corah, G. Fink, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used 136 Hereford heifer calves in two studies to determine the effect on performance of 200 mg monensin (trade name Rumensin) per head daily. It significantly improved gain by 7.5% and 4.6% in trials 1 and 2 respectively, and significantly improved efficiency 11.6% and 12.2%, respectively.

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Synchronizing Estrus In Beef Heifers With Prostaglandin And Syncromate B, R.C. Debenedetti, G.H. Kiracofe, V. Hultine, R.M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles Jan 1976

Synchronizing Estrus In Beef Heifers With Prostaglandin And Syncromate B, R.C. Debenedetti, G.H. Kiracofe, V. Hultine, R.M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forty-five of 50 heifers were in estrus 1 to 5 days after 7-day synchronization implants were removed. Prostaglandin was injected one day before implants were removed. Thirty-one of the 45 (68.9%) heifers conceived to first artificial insemination service.

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Inheritance Of Some Reproductive Traits By Young Bulls, J.H. Warren, J. Blum, R.R. Schalles, G. Kiracofe, K. Henry, V. Hultine Jan 1976

Inheritance Of Some Reproductive Traits By Young Bulls, J.H. Warren, J. Blum, R.R. Schalles, G. Kiracofe, K. Henry, V. Hultine

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Severa1 reproductive traits of yearling Polled Hereford bulls were evaluated during and immediately after a 140-day feeding test. Results indicate that concentration of sperm and percentages of live sperm are heritable and genetically independent of each other. Heritability was low for sex drive or libido.

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Effects Of Growth Promoting Implants Gains Of Nursing Calves, L. Corah, K. Kimple, M. Mckee, Jack G. Riley Jan 1976

Effects Of Growth Promoting Implants Gains Of Nursing Calves, L. Corah, K. Kimple, M. Mckee, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Both steer and heifer calves gain significantly (P<.05) faster on summer pasture with growth-promoting implants than calves not implanted. Ralgro, Synovex-S, and Synovex-H were tested, with no significant advantage for one Implant type.

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Feedlot Performance By Month In Kansas, D.R. Ames Jan 1976

Feedlot Performance By Month In Kansas, D.R. Ames

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feedlot data on 202 lots involving approximately 40,000 steers collected for five years were used to characterize feedlot performance each month of the year. Intake, average daily gain (ADG), and feed efficiency were measured. ADG was predicted for mean daily temperature (MDT).

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Wheat, Barley And Corn Silage Rations And Urea For Growing Steers, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley Jan 1976

Wheat, Barley And Corn Silage Rations And Urea For Growing Steers, K. Bolsen, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eight rations were fed to 15 yearling steers (3 pens of 5 steers each). Arthur wheat, Paoli barley and corn silages were supplemented with either soybean meal or urea; Blue Boy II and Eagle wheat silages were supplemented with soybean meal. All steers were full-fed a 12.5% crude protein ration containing 86% silage and 14% supplement. Results of the 84-day trial show steers fed the four corn and barley silage rations gained faster and more efficiently than those fed wheat silages. Steers fed Arthur and Eagle silage rations performed similarly. Those fed Blue Boy II silage made the slowest and …

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Milo Stover And Forage Sorghum Silages For Growing Heifers, K. Bolsen, L. Corah, C. Grimes, Jack G. Riley Jan 1976

Milo Stover And Forage Sorghum Silages For Growing Heifers, K. Bolsen, L. Corah, C. Grimes, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ninety-six heifer calves were used to compare four silage combinations: (1) 100% milo stover, (2) 67% milo stover and 33% forage sorghum, (3) 33% milo stover and 67% forage sorghum and (4) 100% forage sorghum. Each ration was fed to four pens of six heifers each during the 88-day trial. Heifers fed 100% forage sorghum made the fastest and most efficient gains(P<.05); those fed 100% milo stover, the slowest and least efficient gains (P<.05). Based on gains obtained from these two rations, the 67% milo stover silage ration produced 16% faster gain than predicted; the 33% milo stover ration, a 5% faster gain than predicted.

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