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Contents, Discovery Editors
Contents, Discovery Editors
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
No abstract provided.
Effect Of Pig Weaning Age And Commingling After The Nursery Phase On Humoral And Behavioral Indicators Of Well-Being And On Growth Performance, Sarah C. Authur, Mari E. Davis, Jason K. Apple, Charles V. Maxwell
Effect Of Pig Weaning Age And Commingling After The Nursery Phase On Humoral And Behavioral Indicators Of Well-Being And On Growth Performance, Sarah C. Authur, Mari E. Davis, Jason K. Apple, Charles V. Maxwell
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Two hundred and sixteen pigs were weaned at 14 or 21 d of age to determine the effect of weaning age and commingling after the nursery phase on growth and behavior of pigs in a wean-tofinish facility. Pigs were divided into older and younger age groups and allotted 12 pigs/pen with nine replications of each group. At the end of the nursery phase (d 34 after weaning), one-half of the pigs in each group were removed and commingled for the grower/finisher phase and the other half remained in their original pens. Beginning at weaning (d 0), pigs were monitored via …
Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 5 2004, Several Authors
Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 5 2004, Several Authors
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
No abstract provided.
Method Analysis Of Laboratory Measures Of Stream Sediment And Water Phosphorus Equilibrium, Anna L. Erickson, Stephanie M. Williamson, Brian E. Haggard
Method Analysis Of Laboratory Measures Of Stream Sediment And Water Phosphorus Equilibrium, Anna L. Erickson, Stephanie M. Williamson, Brian E. Haggard
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Elevated phosphorus concentrations in aquatic ecosystems of northwest Arkansas prompted an investigation of the effects of sample preparation and extraction methods on laboratory measures of sediment-phosphorus interactions. Two streams of contrasting phosphorus (P) concentrations were selected to determine the effect of using a CaCl2 solution instead of filtered stream water, refrigerated or dried sediments instead of fresh wet sediments, and vortexing the suspensions instead of shaking them. Sediment equilibrium P concentration (EPC0) and P buffering capacity (K) were used to determine differences in extraction methods. EPC0 and K from extractions using fresh sediments and a CaCl2 solution matching the electrical …
Assessment And Restoration Of A Neighborhood Wetland Invaded By Exotic Plant Species, Ryan Neal, Kimberly R. Payne, Lorena Moreno, Graham Duffy, Jonathan Peck, Mary C. Savin
Assessment And Restoration Of A Neighborhood Wetland Invaded By Exotic Plant Species, Ryan Neal, Kimberly R. Payne, Lorena Moreno, Graham Duffy, Jonathan Peck, Mary C. Savin
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
The University of Arkansas Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences (CSES) Club adopted a local wetland in the spring of 2002 through the Fayetteville Parks and Recreation Department. This project has allowed students to interact with local community and governmental organizations as well as other academic departments within the university. Students have gained valuable laboratory and field experience through characterizing hydric soils, identifying bird and plant species, and analyzing water quality, soil nutrients, and microbial biomass. Under the main goal of restoring the wetland, the club has outlined both short and long-term objectives including soil and water assessments; removal of two …
Acaricidal Efficacy Of Various Agents In The Treatment Of Naturally Occurring Ornithonyssus Sylviarum (Acari: Macronyssidae) Infestations Of Chickens, Maggie Phillips, T. A. Yazwinski, C. A. Tucker, Jennifer Robins, Jeremy Powell, Linda Stamps
Acaricidal Efficacy Of Various Agents In The Treatment Of Naturally Occurring Ornithonyssus Sylviarum (Acari: Macronyssidae) Infestations Of Chickens, Maggie Phillips, T. A. Yazwinski, C. A. Tucker, Jennifer Robins, Jeremy Powell, Linda Stamps
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
The northern fowl mite (NFM), Ornithonyssus sylviarum, is a commonly occurring external parasite of chickens. Primarily, caged layers have the greatest incidence of this mite, with bird unrest, unthriftiness and lowered production as some of the adverse effects of the infestation. In the current study, birds with natural NFM infestations were randomized into five treatment groups, placed in individual cages in treatment-specific batteries (all in one room), and evaluated for 28 d for infestation quantification by way of index scoring and feather digest. No treatments were 100% effective in eliminating all life stages of the mite. Tetrachlorvinphos in combination with …
Vascular Plant Species Inventory Of Richardson Bottoms Wildlife Viewing Area, Travis D. Marsico
Vascular Plant Species Inventory Of Richardson Bottoms Wildlife Viewing Area, Travis D. Marsico
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Noteworthy Records Of The Seminole Bat, Lasiurus Seminolus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), From Southwestern Arkansas And Northeastern Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Zachary D. Ramsey, Nancy E. Solley
Noteworthy Records Of The Seminole Bat, Lasiurus Seminolus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), From Southwestern Arkansas And Northeastern Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Zachary D. Ramsey, Nancy E. Solley
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Can Martian Life Exist Under Dry Conditions?, Michael Kendrick
Can Martian Life Exist Under Dry Conditions?, Michael Kendrick
Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal
Recently, we have begun to hear more and more about news coming from Mars. With the recent confirmation of evidence of liquid water in Mars' past, evidence indicating liquid water in Mars' present, and as many missions planned for this decade and the next than have successfully reached the planet in the last 40 years, life on Mars is beginning to become a more relevant issue in our study of the planet. Although there have been no indications of multicellular life on Mars, there may be a possibility of microbial life in the subsurface. Since it appears that all of …
Last Frost Project, Midori Kubozono
Last Frost Project, Midori Kubozono
Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal
For nursery stores and garden shops planning Spring deliveries, it is crucial to be able to predict last frost dates for frost-tolerant and frost-tender plants. This project provides historically reliable information on the seasonal last frost occurrence for U.S. store locations. Stores can use this information as a general guide in making Spring distribution plans but would also need to take the current season’s weather variations and predictions into account. Using geospatial software and an historical weather data set provided by National Climatic Data Center, the probability from 10 percent to 90 percent for days below a specified temperature (i.e., …
Aerobic Stability Of Heat And Orchardgrass Round-Bale Silage, Robert T. Rhein, Wayne K. Coblentz, Charles F. Rosenkrans Jr., D. Wayne Kellog
Aerobic Stability Of Heat And Orchardgrass Round-Bale Silage, Robert T. Rhein, Wayne K. Coblentz, Charles F. Rosenkrans Jr., D. Wayne Kellog
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
In Arkansas, silage is typically stored as balage in long rows of round bales wrapped in plastic film. It is important to evaluate the aerobic stability of this fermented forage when it is exposed to air, especially during the winter months when most of it is fed to livestock or sold as a cash crop. Two types of forage, orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) and wheat (Triticum aestivum), were harvested in May 2002 and stored as balage. Twenty-one bales of each balage type were unwrapped and exposed to air on 10 Dec. 2002 for 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, or 32 …
Propagation Of Thornless Blackberries Utilizing Adventitious Shoots From Root Cuttings, Ellen Thompson
Propagation Of Thornless Blackberries Utilizing Adventitious Shoots From Root Cuttings, Ellen Thompson
Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal
Studies were conducted in early 2003 to determine the effect of root source and length on yield of adventitious shoots from root cuttings and on subsequent plant yield for University of Arkansas-developed thornless blackberries. In the first study, roots from 'Arapaho' and 'Apache' plants grown in an aboveground bed containing commercial potting soil were compared to field-grown roots. Bed-grown roots averaged 6.9 shoots per 15 cm root cutting while field grown roots averaged 3.4. 'Apache' produced more shoots/root cutting compared to Arapaho, (5.9 vs. 4.4 shoots/root cutting, respectively). In a comparison of 15- vs. 30-cm-long root cuttings of 'Apache', 'Arapaho', …
Historical Reflections On The Arkansas Cross Timbers, Don C. Bragg
Historical Reflections On The Arkansas Cross Timbers, Don C. Bragg
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Kiichler's original map of potential natural vegetation suggested that the eastern-most extension of the "Cross Timbers" oak-dominated woodland reached into extreme western Arkansas. Recent investigations have found possible old-growth Cross Timber communities in narrow strips along steep, rocky sandstone and shale ridges near Fort Chaffee and Hackett. However, many decades of Euroamerican intervention have altered vegetation composition and structure in west-central Arkansas, making field evaluation difficult. Fortunately, historical accounts of the area provide considerable supporting documentation. General Land Office surveyors, for instance, traversed this portion of western Arkansas before 1850. They reported many ridges and slopes dominated by grassy, stunted …
Western Kingbird (Tyrannus Verticalis): Recently Established Breeding Bird In Arkansas, Elizabeth Ellis, Ragupathy Kannan
Western Kingbird (Tyrannus Verticalis): Recently Established Breeding Bird In Arkansas, Elizabeth Ellis, Ragupathy Kannan
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The Western Kingbird (Tyrannus verticalis) has nested for six consecutive years in Arkansas since 1998. Eleven nests of this species were observed in the summer of 2003 in urban areas of Fort Smith (Sebastian Co.) and Van Buren (Crawford Co.). All nests were on human-made structures. Of the 11, seven (64%) were located on power stations and the remaining four (36%) were on light posts. Mean nest height was 7.92 m (n = 11nests) and the mean width of nest poles was 31.18 cm (n= 4). Nest building lasted 12 to 13 days (mean = 12.5 days, n = 2 …
Assessment Of Thermal Infrared Detection Rates Using White-Tailed Deer Surrogates, Robert E. Kissell Jr., Philip A. Tappe
Assessment Of Thermal Infrared Detection Rates Using White-Tailed Deer Surrogates, Robert E. Kissell Jr., Philip A. Tappe
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
As thermal infrared imaging technology has improved, it has increasingly been used for estimating sizes of wildlife populations. The greatest bias of thermal infrared surveys is the lack of known detection rates to adjust for visibility bias. As with visual surveys, a measure of detection rate is needed to provide unbiased estimates. We assessed the detection rate of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) using a thermal infrared sensor (1.2 - 5.9 /an) from an aerial platform. Similar characteristics between thermal signatures of people and deer allowed us to use people in a reclined or horizontal position as surrogates for deer. We …
Human Rabies Post-Exposure Treatment In Arkansas, 1994-2000, D. Blake Sasse
Human Rabies Post-Exposure Treatment In Arkansas, 1994-2000, D. Blake Sasse
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The Arkansas Department of Health recorded 118 incidents where humans in Arkansas were treated following exposure to confirmed rabid animals from 1994-2000. Domestic species accounted for 64% of incidents and 76% of total human exposures with the ratio of human exposures per rabid animal 17 times higher for domestic animals than wild animals. Records of 218 cases of human exposure to potentially rabid wild animals during this period were also examined to determine method of contact. While 72% of cases involving raccoons (Procyon lotor), skunks (Mephitis mephitis and Spilogale putorius), and foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus and Vulpes vulpes) were initiated by …
Parasites (Coccidia, Trematoda, Nematoda) From Selected Bats Of Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Steve J. Upton, Charles R. Bursey
Parasites (Coccidia, Trematoda, Nematoda) From Selected Bats Of Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Steve J. Upton, Charles R. Bursey
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Geographic Range Expansion And Feeding Response By The Leech Macrobdella Diplotertia (Annelida: Hirudinea) To Wood Frog And Spotted Salamander Egg Masses, Stanley E. Trauth, Robert G. Neal
Geographic Range Expansion And Feeding Response By The Leech Macrobdella Diplotertia (Annelida: Hirudinea) To Wood Frog And Spotted Salamander Egg Masses, Stanley E. Trauth, Robert G. Neal
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
New Geographic Distribution Records For The Flier, Centrarchus Macropterus (Perciformes: Centrarchidae), From Southwestern Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Stephanie F. Barclay, Henry W. Robison
New Geographic Distribution Records For The Flier, Centrarchus Macropterus (Perciformes: Centrarchidae), From Southwestern Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Stephanie F. Barclay, Henry W. Robison
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
First Documentation That Henslow's Sparrow Regularly Occurs During The Breeding And Wintering Seasons In Arkansas, William C. Hollimon, Robert H. Doster, Douglas A. James, Michael A. Mlodinow, Joseph C. Neal, William M. Shepherd
First Documentation That Henslow's Sparrow Regularly Occurs During The Breeding And Wintering Seasons In Arkansas, William C. Hollimon, Robert H. Doster, Douglas A. James, Michael A. Mlodinow, Joseph C. Neal, William M. Shepherd
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Distribution, Natural History Aspects, And Status Of The Arkansas Endemic Crayfish, Fallicambarus Harpi Hobbs And Robinson, 1985, Henry W. Robison, Betty G. Crump
Distribution, Natural History Aspects, And Status Of The Arkansas Endemic Crayfish, Fallicambarus Harpi Hobbs And Robinson, 1985, Henry W. Robison, Betty G. Crump
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Recent fieldwork in west central Arkansas has revealed the Arkansas endemic crayfish, Fallicambarus harpi Hobbs and Robison, to be more abundant than formerly believed. New localities and county records are provided in addition to information on the habitat preferences, sex ratio, color variation, reproductive biology, and conservation status of this burrowing crayfish.
Unusual Hybognathus (Osteichthyes, Cyprinidae) From Lower White River, Arkansas, David A. Etnier, Henry W. Robison
Unusual Hybognathus (Osteichthyes, Cyprinidae) From Lower White River, Arkansas, David A. Etnier, Henry W. Robison
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Additions To The Aquatic Diptera (Chaoboridae, Chironomidae, Tabanidae, Tipulidae) Fauna Of The White River National Wildlife Refuge, Arkansas, Stephen W. Chordas Iii, Patrick L. Hudson, Eric G. Chapman
Additions To The Aquatic Diptera (Chaoboridae, Chironomidae, Tabanidae, Tipulidae) Fauna Of The White River National Wildlife Refuge, Arkansas, Stephen W. Chordas Iii, Patrick L. Hudson, Eric G. Chapman
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The dipteran fauna of Arkansas is generally poorly known. A previous study of the Aquatic macroinvertebrates of the White River National Wildlife Refuge, the largest refuge in Arkansas, reported only 12 diptera taxa out of 219 taxa collected (Chordas et al., 1996). Most of the dipterans from this study were identified only to the family level. The family Chironomidae is a large, diverse group and was predicted to be much more diverse in the refuge than indicated by previous studies. In this study, Chironomidae were targeted, with other aquatic or semiaquatic dipterans also retained, in collections designed to better define …
Stand-Level Green Biomass Equations For Sawtimber-Sized Loblolly Pine In Arkansas, Paul F. Doruska, David W. Patterson, Travis E. Posey
Stand-Level Green Biomass Equations For Sawtimber-Sized Loblolly Pine In Arkansas, Paul F. Doruska, David W. Patterson, Travis E. Posey
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) is commercially the most important timber species in southern Arkansas and the southern United States. Results of stand-level timber inventories have traditionally been reported in terms of volume, yet loblolly pine sawtimber is bought and sold based on biomass. A straight forward stand-level conversion from volume per hectare to biomass per hectare does not exist for Arkansas, thus complicating the valuation of standing loblolly pine sawtimber. Two equations were developed to predict stand-level, outside-bark, green biomass per unit area for loblolly pine stands in southern Arkansas. The merchantable sawlog equation presented herein explained approximately 95% …
Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann
Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
No abstract provided.
Laboratory-Scale Evaluation Of Incandescent And Compact Florescent Lamps For Poultry House Lighting, Leanne Gabriel, Donald M. Johnson
Laboratory-Scale Evaluation Of Incandescent And Compact Florescent Lamps For Poultry House Lighting, Leanne Gabriel, Donald M. Johnson
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
This laboratory-scale study compared 1000- and 2000-h rated 60W incandescent lamps and 6000-h rated 60W-equivalent compact florescent lamps over 6000 h of simulated broiler-house operation. The four original 1000-h incandescent lamps were replaced 22 times and the four 2000-h incandescent lamps were replaced 14 times. None of the four compact florescent lamps failed during the 6000-h experiment, although one was broken due to human error. Both types of incandescent lamps had significantly higher (p < .0001) mean illuminance (lx) than did the compact florescent lamps. The compact florescent lamps used significantly less (p < .0001) power (W) and had significantly higher (p < .0001) efficiency (lx/W) than the incandescent lamps. Despite a higher initial purchase price, the total cost (purchase + replacement + electrical) of operating compact florescent lamps was approximately 36% lower than the total cost of operating either type of incandescent lamp over the 6000 h period. The results of this study indicate that even at a least-cost price for electricity ($0.04/kW/h), growers can reduce total broilerhouse lighting costs by replacing incandescent lamps with compact florescent lamps.
Impact Of Dietary Changes On Hepatic Homocysteine Metabolism In Young Broilers, Fauna M. Ganson, Padmakumar Pillai, Jason L. Emmert
Impact Of Dietary Changes On Hepatic Homocysteine Metabolism In Young Broilers, Fauna M. Ganson, Padmakumar Pillai, Jason L. Emmert
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Information regarding the impact of sulfur amino acids (SAA) on hepatic homocysteine (Hcy) flux through the various metabolic pathways competing for Hcy in young broilers is lacking. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of varying levels of dietary methionine (Met), choline, and betaine on hepatic Hcy flux in young broiler chickens. A standard starter basal diet was fed to chicks until 8 d of age; 12 experimental diets were given from 8-22 d. The experimental basal diet contained deficient levels of Met and cysteine (Cys); supplemental Met (0, 0.08, 0.16, and 0.24%) was added to the basal diet …
Evaluation Of Post-Harvest Disease Resistance In Blackberry Genotypes, John-Paul Kidd, John R. Clark, Patrick Fenn, Barbara Smith
Evaluation Of Post-Harvest Disease Resistance In Blackberry Genotypes, John-Paul Kidd, John R. Clark, Patrick Fenn, Barbara Smith
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Forty-nine blackberry genotypes (19 cultivars and 30 breeding selections) were evaluated for post-harvest fruit-rot resistance in June and July 2003. Fully mature, undamaged berries were harvested on two dates for each genotype at the University of Arkansas Fruit Substation, Clarksville. After transporting in chilled coolers back to the Plant Pathology Department in Fayetteville, two replications of 10 berries of each genotype were placed in a high-humidity chamber for 3 d (21-23°C; 16-h daylength). This provided a total of four replications for each entry across the two harvest dates. Natural inoculum from the field provided the post-harvest pathogens, and no additional …
Microbial Biomass And Nitrogen Availability Under The Invasive Plant Species Lonicera Japonica And Native Grasses In Wetland Soil, Kimberly R. Payne, Mary C. Savin, Peter J. Tomlinson
Microbial Biomass And Nitrogen Availability Under The Invasive Plant Species Lonicera Japonica And Native Grasses In Wetland Soil, Kimberly R. Payne, Mary C. Savin, Peter J. Tomlinson
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Invasive plants decrease aboveground biodiversity and suitable wildlife habitat. Wetlands are especially valuable ecosystems because they provide habitat, floodwater control, and function as filters for urban runoff. Wetland soils also act as sinks for nutrients. This characteristic reduces levels of excess nutrients often found in adjacent aquatic systems. The importance of soil functions in wetlands necessitates further investigation of the effects of invasive species on belowground nutrient pools. Approximately 75% of a small neighborhood wetland located in Fayetteville, Ark., has been invaded by Lonicera japonica. The effects of L. japonica and its replacement with native grasses on soil microbial biomass …
A Survey Into The Prevalence Of Parasitic Helminths In Broiler Breeders, Anita Sarathi, Tom Yazwinski, Chris Tucker, Jennifer Robins
A Survey Into The Prevalence Of Parasitic Helminths In Broiler Breeders, Anita Sarathi, Tom Yazwinski, Chris Tucker, Jennifer Robins
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of helminth infections in spent broiler breeders. Intestinal tracts from 10 birds from each of five farms were obtained and examined for parasite identification and quantification. Heterakis gallinarum infections were the most common, followed in order of decreasing incidence by Capillaria obsignata, Ascaridia galli, and Raillietina cesticillus. Peak worm burdens for individual birds were 121 (A. galli), 535 (H. gallinarum), 215 (C. obsignata) and 125 (R. cesticillus). Significant farm-to-farm variation in worm burdens was observed.