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Analysis Of Regulatory Mechanisms For T Cell Activation, Aleksandra Vuchkovska
Analysis Of Regulatory Mechanisms For T Cell Activation, Aleksandra Vuchkovska
Dissertations
The primary function of the immune system is to seek and eliminate altered or unhealthy cells. T cells are a major component of the immune response and mediate their functions by recognizing specific antigens that allow elimination of infected or neoplastic cells. To avoid inappropriate activation and subsequent immune injuries, T cells have evolved strategies to discriminate self from non-self, or healthy from altered and infected. These strategies rely on the activation of receptors that restrict the T cell response. CD33rSiglecs are a family of mostly inhibitory receptors that bind to sialic acids. Siglecs respond to specific sialic acid patterns …
Determining The Genetic And Phenotypic Profile Of Cord Blood Derived T Regulatory Cells And The Effect Of Calcitriol On Immune Suppression, Anya Nikolai-Yogerst
Determining The Genetic And Phenotypic Profile Of Cord Blood Derived T Regulatory Cells And The Effect Of Calcitriol On Immune Suppression, Anya Nikolai-Yogerst
Dissertations
Recent outbreaks in vertically transmitted viruses, such as Zika virus and HIV, have rejuvenated interest in fetal and neonatal immune tolerance. Babies are susceptible to vertically transmitted viruses because fetal and neonatal immune systems are considered to be immune-privileged and will tolerate antigens presented to them by their mother. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of this tolerance is important to design effective treatments for infected mothers to protect their offspring. Here, I define a novel Treg, a type of T cell that mediates tolerance, named bidirectional T cells (BiT), found in human umbilical cord blood (UCB). These cells are induced by …
Determination Of Transforming Growth Factor-Β Signaling Targets In Activated T Cells, Ramiah Jacks
Determination Of Transforming Growth Factor-Β Signaling Targets In Activated T Cells, Ramiah Jacks
Dissertations
T lymphocytes are a critical component of the adaptive immune system and their responses in pathogenic and steady state conditions require strict regulation. One mechanism involved in this regulation is Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) signaling. TGF-β can act on activated T cells to facilitate the differentiation of TGF-β dependent T helper subsets or the suppression of T cell activation and proliferation. However, the molecular mechanism(s) by which TGF-β signaling controls T cell differentiation vs T cell suppression remain poorly understood.TGF-β signaling is propagated by initially binding to the TGF-β type II receptor, which subsequently activates TGF-β type I receptor (TGF-βRI) …
Characterization Of The Effects Of Sex And Estrogen Receptor Signaling On Antigen-Specific T Cells For Immunotherapy, Flor Cecilia Navarro Negredo
Characterization Of The Effects Of Sex And Estrogen Receptor Signaling On Antigen-Specific T Cells For Immunotherapy, Flor Cecilia Navarro Negredo
Dissertations
Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) immunotherapy using antigen (Ag)-specific T cells is partially effective treating several malignancies but numerous challenges remain in order to improve its therapeutic potential. The roles of host factors, such as sex hormone receptor signaling, that can affect the T cell anti-tumor function remain understudied. The work performed in this dissertation characterized the role of estrogen signaling on T cell function in vitro, and during ACT immunotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vivo. Estrogen signaling through ERa enhanced the expression and secretion of Type I effector cytokines including IFNg, TNFa, and Granzyme B in male and female …
Phenotypical And Functional Analysis Of Peripheral T Cells In Foxn1 Transgenic Mice: Effects Of Aging, Paulette Krishack
Phenotypical And Functional Analysis Of Peripheral T Cells In Foxn1 Transgenic Mice: Effects Of Aging, Paulette Krishack
Master's Theses
The thymus is the primary organ for the development and production of TCRαβ naive T cells. However, with increasing age thymic involution occurs, causing a decline in the output of naïve T cells. The decline in naïve T cell production results in a contraction in the peripheral naïve and expansion of the memory T cell pools. Not only are the production and compositions of peripheral T cells altered with age, T cell functions such as T cell proliferation and production of cytokines required for cell proliferation are also declined. Currently, it is not known if restoring the decline in the …