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Life Sciences

Kansas State University Libraries

1971

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Evaluation Of L-Lysine Fortified Bulgar Millfeed For Finishing Swine (1971), B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines Jan 1971

Evaluation Of L-Lysine Fortified Bulgar Millfeed For Finishing Swine (1971), B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A growing-finishing ration that substituted 25% L-lysine fortified bulgar millfeed for 20% of the sorghum grain and 5% of soybean meal' (44%) gave weight gains and feed:gain ratios for finishing swine similar to those with the control ration. But pigs receiving rations with the 25% bulgar millfeed replacing 15% of the sorghum grain and 10% of the soybean meal gained significantly (P<.0l) slower and 25% less efficiently, so we did not evaluate using more than 25% of the bulgar mil1feed in rations for finishing swine.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, October 7, 1971

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Influence Of Fat Level And Calorie:Protein Ratio On The Performance Of Young Pigs (1971), G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1971

Influence Of Fat Level And Calorie:Protein Ratio On The Performance Of Young Pigs (1971), G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred twenty-eight pigs averaging 44 pounds were used to determine the influence of level of dietary fat and calorie:protein ratio on the performance of young pigs. Daily gains by pigs fed diets containing 0, 3, 6, 9, or 12% added fat did not differ significantly. Feed efficiency and kcal metabolizable energy per pound of gain were improved as the fat level of the diet increased. When fat was added to the diet without adjusting the calorie: protein ratio, average daily gain and energy efficiency were significantly reduced. Thus, suggesting the importance of the. calorie:protein ratio in the nutrition of …

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Voluntary Salt Intake By Feedlot Steers, L.H. Harbers, L.C. Warren Jan 1971

Voluntary Salt Intake By Feedlot Steers, L.H. Harbers, L.C. Warren

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Because it is a standard practice, adding salt to livestock rations has not received much attention in the past several years. Salt is universally added at 0.5% of the diet, but studies here in the early 50's showed salt needs of cattle are related to dietary roughage levels.

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Winter Nutrition For Cows, R.R. Schalles, C.L. Drake, G. Kiracofe Jan 1971

Winter Nutrition For Cows, R.R. Schalles, C.L. Drake, G. Kiracofe

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Cow productivity on four supplemental winter feeding levels were compared over 2 years. Cattle were grazed on native bluestem year round. Cows calved between February 15 and May 5. Only records (104) of cows that raised a calf in the year considered were used in this report. Cows averaged 3.3 years old at birth of calves. Rations fed are given in Table 25 referred to as group 1, 2, 3 and 4. Cows received the same ration each year. Cows were allotted to 4 groups and rotated among four approximately equal pastures so each group remained in each pasture an …

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The Tenderometer As A Tool For Evaluating Beef Tenderness, H.J. Tuma, Dell M. Allen, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1971

The Tenderometer As A Tool For Evaluating Beef Tenderness, H.J. Tuma, Dell M. Allen, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Numerous instruments have been developed to objectively measure tenderness, an important eating characteristics of beef. The Kramer shear press and Warner-Bratzler shear show the best relationships to taste panel tenderness scores. However, shear values of raw muscle are poorly correlated with shear value of cooked meat. An instrument that could be used in the beef cooler an raw carcass muscle to predict tenderness of cooked meat would be valuable.

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Effect Of Beet Pulp Pellets Fed Steers Wintering And Finishing Rations, L.A. Arehart, Evans E. Banbury Jan 1971

Effect Of Beet Pulp Pellets Fed Steers Wintering And Finishing Rations, L.A. Arehart, Evans E. Banbury

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sugar beet by-products are available to cattle feeders in northwestern Kansas, but their value as livestock feed is not known. In 1967-68, steers fed liquid protein concentrate beet pulp pellets (LPC) in wintering rations gained faster (1.96 vs. 1.24 lb. per day) than steers on similar amounts of alfalfa hay. Then on finishing rations, gain per day favored alfalfa-fed cattle (2.58 to 2.25 lb. per day). In 1968-69, there was no significant difference between beet pellets and alfalfa, but 5.0 lb. LPC beet pellets reduced feed consumption and daily gains compared with results from rations involving alfalfa (wintering 1.33 to …

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Simmental-Hereford Cross Calves, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner Jan 1971

Simmental-Hereford Cross Calves, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Data on nine Simmental-Hereford cross calves (3 bulls and 6 females) from birth to 6 months of age was reported in Bulletin 536. The three bulls shared conditions with three Hereford, four Angus, and one Shorthorn bull. The six cross heifers grew with three Hereford, three Angus, and two Shorthorn heifers.

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Amino Acid Supplementation Of Wheat And Milo For The Finishing Pig (1971), G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1971

Amino Acid Supplementation Of Wheat And Milo For The Finishing Pig (1971), G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments involving 214 pigs were conducted to evaluate milo and wheat as the sole sources of amino acids for finishing swine, and the effects of supplementing these grains with lysine and methionine. Without supplemental lysine wheat and milo diets were inadequate for finishing pigs as measured by growth rate, feed efficiency, and loin eye area. There were no significant differences in daily gain or feed efficiency among the pigs fed wheat + lysine, milo + lysine + methionine, wheat + soybean meal or milo + soybean meal. Pigs fed milo supplemented with only lysine gained slower, had a smaller …

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Full-Fat Soybeans For Growing-Finishing Swine (1971), D T. Lafferty, Robert H. Hines Jan 1971

Full-Fat Soybeans For Growing-Finishing Swine (1971), D T. Lafferty, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pigs fed full-fat, processed soybeans (FFPS) in place of soybean meal (SBM, 44% CP) gained adequately and produced carcasses with lean measurements equal to those of pigs fed soybean meal. Backfat and belly fat were considerably softer on carcasses of pigs fed FFPS, and total fat content of loin eye muscle was greater in FFPS carcasses than in carcasses of pigs fed SBM. Taste panel observations showed no differences in flavor, juiciness, tenderness or over-all acceptability of pork chops produced by either diet. Barrows gained faster than gilts regardless of treatment and barrows had firmer carcasses. Gilt carcasses had a …

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Response Of Breeding And Gestating Sows To A Dietary Source Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus (1971), B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines Jan 1971

Response Of Breeding And Gestating Sows To A Dietary Source Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus (1971), B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

During the breeding period, adding the fermentation product (lactobacillus acidophilus) to the ration fed to gilts and sows made no difference in conception percentages. Nonsignificant differences was observed between the control group and the group receiving the additive in number of pigs born dead or alive and weight of pigs at 2 or 4 weeks of age.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, October 7, 1971

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Evaluation Of Antibacterial Agents To Improve Growth Rate And Efficiency Of Weaned Pigs (1971), G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1971

Evaluation Of Antibacterial Agents To Improve Growth Rate And Efficiency Of Weaned Pigs (1971), G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pigs medicated 5 weeks with TNA-290 and ASP-250 had statistically greater (P<.05) average daily gains and those medicated with ASP-250 had significantly (P<.05) lower feed conversion rations than non-medicated pigs. Feed efficiency, feed consumption, or average daily gain among pigs medicated with Furox, ASP-250, or TNA-290 did not differ significantly.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, October 7, 1971

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Preventing Baby Pig Anemia, Times Of Injection Compared (1971), D A. Schoneweis, R K. Bartel, J G. Stuart, Robert H. Hines Jan 1971

Preventing Baby Pig Anemia, Times Of Injection Compared (1971), D A. Schoneweis, R K. Bartel, J G. Stuart, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fourteen litters (120 pigs) were used to study effects of iron injections on day one or day four after birth. No differences were detected in weight gains, hematological values of hemoglobin, packed cell volume, or red blood-cell count. The results indicate that injectable iron dextran may be administered on day one along with other husbandry practices (dipping navel cords, clipping needle teeth, ear notching) with no adverse effects. A disadvantage would be iron lost in pigs that die before day four from crushing, inanition, etc.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, October 7, 1971

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Effect Of Feeding Frequency On Performance Of Growing Pigs (1971), G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1971

Effect Of Feeding Frequency On Performance Of Growing Pigs (1971), G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The influence of frequency of feeding on weight gain, feed efficiency, and carcass measurements was investigated, using 48 pigs averaging 40 pounds. Differences in daily gain among pigs fed ad libitum, twice a day or once a day were not significant. However, pigs fed only once/48 hours gained significantly (P<.05) slower than pigs on the other treatments. Pigs allowed access to feed once/24 hrs. or once/48 hrs. were more efficient (P<.05) in feed utilization than pigs fed twice/ 24 hrs. or those fed ad libitum. Carcass measurements did not differ significantly among pigs fed ad libitum, twice/ 24 hrs., or once/24 hrs. Pigs allowed access to feed only once/48 hrs. had significantly (P<.05) less backfat and smaller loin eye areas than pigs fed more frequently.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, October 7, 1971

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Rations Containing Corn, Sorghum Grain, Or Wheat Compared For Weaned Pigs (1971), B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines Jan 1971

Rations Containing Corn, Sorghum Grain, Or Wheat Compared For Weaned Pigs (1971), B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The feed, required per pound of gain was similar for pigs fed corn, sorghum grain, corn-wheat, or sorghum grain-wheat diets. Pigs on the corn ration grew significantly (P<.05) faster. The sorghum grain, sorghum grain-wheat, and corn-wheat rations each produced similar gains.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, October 7, 1971

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Response Of Growing And Finishing Swine To A Dietary Source Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus (1971), B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines Jan 1971

Response Of Growing And Finishing Swine To A Dietary Source Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus (1971), B A. Koch, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Post-weaning comparisons were made using high and low protein rations with and without a fermentation product (lactobacillus acidophilus). Pigs receiving higher protein rations (18%) grew slightly faster than those receiving low protein (15%) rations; however, the differences were not significant. Adding a fermentation product to either ration tested did not significantly improve performance of weaned pigs. Finishing swine were used to compare high-protein (16%) ration and low-protein (13%) rations with and without the fermentation product. Pigs receiving the higher-protein ration grew significantly faster than those receiving the lower-protein ration with or without the additive. Pigs receiving the additive in the …

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The Value Of Processing Sorghum Grain For Finishing Swine (1971), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1971

The Value Of Processing Sorghum Grain For Finishing Swine (1971), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three feeding trials were conducted to determine benefits of processing sorghum grain (milo) for finishing swine. Flaked, ground, and dry rolled milo rations resulted in similar pig weight gains. Generally, the feed:gain ratios of pigs receiving steam-flaked rations were slightly better than ratios of pigs receiving ground or dry rolled grain. Pigs receiving a popped ration grew significantly slower and less efficiently than pigs receiving ground or flaked rations. Grinding the popped ration increased average daily feed intake and average daily gain, but the feed:gain ration did not improve. Finishing swine can be fed steam-flaked milo very satisfactorily; however, the …

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Reconstituted Sorghum Grain For Finishing Swine (1971), G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1971

Reconstituted Sorghum Grain For Finishing Swine (1971), G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Gains of finishing pigs fed whole or rolled reconstituted sorghum grain (30% moisture) from 100 lbs. to an average of 210 lbs. were similar and similar to gains by pigs fed a ground sorghum grain ration. Compared on a 90% dry matter basis, pigs fed the ground ration were 7% more efficient than pigs fed the whole or reconstituted grain rations. Rolling the reconstituted sorghum grain improved feed efficiency (8%) and improved rate of gain as compared to the performance of pigs fed the whole reconstituted grain.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, October 7, 1971

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Control Of Feed Intake In Ruminants Continuous Rumen Infusion Studies (Project 802), J.C. Parks, K.S. Lusby, B.E. Brent Jan 1971

Control Of Feed Intake In Ruminants Continuous Rumen Infusion Studies (Project 802), J.C. Parks, K.S. Lusby, B.E. Brent

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Since the requirement of animals for net energy for maintenance (NEm) is influenced largely by weight of the animal, feed efficiency and animal performance improve rapidly as feed intake surpasses maintenance requirements. Once that constant "overhead" is satisfied, remaining nutrients are available for growth and production. The object of the study reported here was to see if ruminants are capable of digesting and metabolizing nutrient intakes in excess of what they normally consume. Fistulated sheet were the experimental animals. The basal diet is shown in Table 3. The ingredients were suspended in water, filtered through cheesecloth, held in suspension by …

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Post-Weaning Performance Of Calves As Affected By Longstem Hay And Method Feeding, E.F. Smith, L.H. Harbers Jan 1971

Post-Weaning Performance Of Calves As Affected By Longstem Hay And Method Feeding, E.F. Smith, L.H. Harbers

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three different rations were compared for feeding calves immediately after weaning. Desired is a ration that will reduce weaning stress, produce economical gains, and be easy to feed. The rations are shown in Table 4. Initial weight of the calves was taken at the pasture just before weaning. The calves were transported the same day 8 miles to the Beef Cattle Research Center where they were divided into groups and started on experimental rations.

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Feeding Value Of Four Different Hybrid Sorghum Grains For Finishing Cattle, R.L. Mccollough, C.L. Drake, R.R. Schalles, G.M. Roth, K.F. Harrison Jan 1971

Feeding Value Of Four Different Hybrid Sorghum Grains For Finishing Cattle, R.L. Mccollough, C.L. Drake, R.R. Schalles, G.M. Roth, K.F. Harrison

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Hybrid sorghum grain is the major source of energy in livestock finishing rations in the Midwest. In 1969, 739 million bushels of sorghum grain were produced in the United States and 620 million bushels, or 84% were fed to livestock. Kansas ranked second to Texas, producing 183 million bushels in 1968, or 30% of the quantity fed to livestock. Since hybrid sorghum grains ware introduced in 1956, yield has increased 25%. Because livestock consumes 84% of the sorghum grain produced in the United States, hybrids with superior nutritive value would be advantageous.

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Effect Of Adding Fat To Feedlot Rations, B.E. Brent, P.A. Phar, L.J. Randle, L.H. Harbers, Dell M. Allen Jan 1971

Effect Of Adding Fat To Feedlot Rations, B.E. Brent, P.A. Phar, L.J. Randle, L.H. Harbers, Dell M. Allen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fat is added to commercial feedlot rations as a concentrated energy source and to reduce dustiness and wear of feed processing machinery. We added fat at varying levels ( 0 to 6% of the ration) to study effects from fat and the influence of a surface-active additive. Two hundred 700-pound steers were allotted to 40 pens of 5 each all fed 135 days on the rations show in Table 12, according to the schedule shown in Table 13.

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Feedlot Performance And Digestibility Of Beef Steers Fed Steam Flaked, Popped, Reconstituted And Dry Rolled Sorghum Grain, D.O. Yauk, C.L. Drake, R.R. Schalles Jan 1971

Feedlot Performance And Digestibility Of Beef Steers Fed Steam Flaked, Popped, Reconstituted And Dry Rolled Sorghum Grain, D.O. Yauk, C.L. Drake, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Because most finishing rations contain a high proportion of grain, better processing of sorghum grain to increase grain utilization should improve ration efficiency. Work in Texas, Oklahoma, Arizona, and Fort Hays has indicated that processing sorghum grain increased digestibility and utilization. This trial compared digestibility and feedlot performance of beef steers fed steam flaked, popped, reconstituted or dry-rolled sorghum grain.

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Starea, Urea And Soybean Meal Compared In Wintering Rations For Cows On Bluestem Pasture, L. Tucker, L.H. Harbers, E.F. Smith Jan 1971

Starea, Urea And Soybean Meal Compared In Wintering Rations For Cows On Bluestem Pasture, L. Tucker, L.H. Harbers, E.F. Smith

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

More urea, a torn of nonprotein nitrogen, would be fed to ruminants except for inefficient conversion of urea-nitrogen to Microbial protein, toxicity, lack of palatability and urea segregating in mixed rations. As a supplement for cattle on high-roughage rations, urea should be fed with a readily available energy source for urea nitrogen to be converted to microbial protein by rumen microorganisms. Attempting to overcome some or all of those problems, Bartley and co-workers at Kansas State University (Feedstuffs. 27 Apr. 68; 40:9) developed an expansion-processed mixture of grain and urea (Starea).We tested Starea and soybean meal as protein supplements for …

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Comparison Of Biuret And Soybean Meal For Wintering Cows On Bluestem Pasture Ii. Effect On Birth And Weaning Weight Of Progeny, H.A. Thyault, L.H. Harbers, E.F. Smith Jan 1971

Comparison Of Biuret And Soybean Meal For Wintering Cows On Bluestem Pasture Ii. Effect On Birth And Weaning Weight Of Progeny, H.A. Thyault, L.H. Harbers, E.F. Smith

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

During the winter of 1969-70, 48 five-year-old cows were divided into three groups to compared soybean meal with biuret as a winter supplement in combination with sorghum grain (Bulletin 536, 1970, p.33). Soybean meal supplemented cows gained 31 lbs. each during 4 months while biuret-fed cows lost 15 lbs. each. Cows fed sorghum with biuret in a separate mineral mix (fed free choice) lost 62 lbs. each.

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