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Life Sciences

Iowa State University

Patents

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Field Identification Of Birdseye In Sugar Maple (Acer Saccharum Marsh.), Douglas D. Stokke, Don C. Bragg Jan 1994

Field Identification Of Birdseye In Sugar Maple (Acer Saccharum Marsh.), Douglas D. Stokke, Don C. Bragg

Douglas D. Stokke

Birdseye grain distortions in sugar maple must be identified to capture the full value of a timber sale throughout the economic range of birdseye's occurrence. Even when relatively common, birdseye veneer typically makes up less than 1 percent of the harvested volume, but may account for one-half of the value of the sale. With prices recently reaching $50,000 per Mbf for prime logs, omission of birdseye (when present) from cruise data could cause significant economic loss for the forest landowner. But figured wood can sometimes be detected in standing timber (Pillow 1955). Field identification of birdseye sugar maple is critical …


Soymilk Process, Charles W. Deyoe, William J. Hoover, Lawrence A. Johnson Sep 1985

Soymilk Process, Charles W. Deyoe, William J. Hoover, Lawrence A. Johnson

Lawrence A. Johnson

Process for making a soybean-based milk analog or soymilk and food products prepared therefrom. The process involves the comminuting of whole soybeans having the hulls thereon; forming a slurry of the comminuted soybeans; simultaneously initiating the inactivation of trypsin inhibitor and lipoxygenase without fixing protein bodies or substantially denaturing the soybean protein; confining the heated slurry until the trypsin inhibitor activity is reduced to a desired value; cooling the slurry; and separating the hulls from the slurry to recover the desired product. The resulting soymilk is an aqueous preparation of the soybean which exhibits minimal destruction of essential amino acids, …


Soymilk Process, Charles W. Deyoe, William J. Hoover, Lawrence A. Johnson Feb 1985

Soymilk Process, Charles W. Deyoe, William J. Hoover, Lawrence A. Johnson

Lawrence A. Johnson

Process for making a soybeanbased milk analog or soymilk and food products prepared therefrom. The process involves the comminuting of whole soybeans having the hulls thereon; forming a slurry of the comminuted soybeans; simultaneously initiating the inactivation of trypsin inhibitor and lipoxygenase without fixing protein bodies or substantially denaturing the soybean protein; confining the heated slurry until the trypsin inhibitor activity is reduced to a desired value; cooling the slurry; and separating the hulls from the slurry to recover the desired product. The resulting soymilk is an aqueous preparation of the soybean which exhibits minimal destruction of essential amino acids, …


Process For The Preparation Of Protein Isolates Of Improved Quality From Vegetable Protein Sources, Lawrence A. Johnson, Hwei-Mei Wen Aug 1984

Process For The Preparation Of Protein Isolates Of Improved Quality From Vegetable Protein Sources, Lawrence A. Johnson, Hwei-Mei Wen

Lawrence A. Johnson

Protein isolates are recovered from vegetable protein sources, such as sunflower meal, by extracting the meal with an alkali solution in the presence of an alkali metal borohydride, and then acid precipitating the resulting aqueous protein extract phase to produce a protein isolate. Typically, the alkali metal borohydride is employed in an amount of at least about 20 ppm, based on the combined weight of vegetable meal and alkali solution. Protein isolates produced by this process exhibit improved color, palatability and/or nutritional value, and comprise highly desirable additives for food products, animal foods, etc.


Soymilk Process, Lawrence A. Johnson, William J. Hoover, Charles W. Deyoe Oct 1983

Soymilk Process, Lawrence A. Johnson, William J. Hoover, Charles W. Deyoe

Lawrence A. Johnson

This invention relates to a process for making a soybean-based milk analog or soymilk and food products prepared therefrom. The process involves the comminuting of whole soybeans having the hulls thereon, forming a slurry of the comminuted soybeans, simultaneously initiating the inactivation of trypsin inhibitor and lipoxygenase without fixing protein bodies or substantially denaturing the soybean protein, confining the heated slurry until the trypsin inhibitor activity is reduced to a desired value, cooling the slurry, and separating the hulls from the slurry to recover the desired product. The resulting soymilk is an aqueous preparation of the soybean which exhibits minimal …


Process For The Preparation Of Protein Isolates Of Improved Quality From Vegetable Protein Sources Using Alkali Metal Borohydrides, Lawrence A. Johnson, Hwei-Mei Wen Sep 1983

Process For The Preparation Of Protein Isolates Of Improved Quality From Vegetable Protein Sources Using Alkali Metal Borohydrides, Lawrence A. Johnson, Hwei-Mei Wen

Lawrence A. Johnson

Protein isolates are recovered from vegetable protein sources, such as for example sunflower meal, by extracting the meal with an alkali solution in the presence of an alkali metal borohydride, and then acid precipitating the resulting aqueous protein extract phase to produce a protein isolate. Typically, the alkali metal borohydride is employed in an amount of at least about 20 ppm, based on the combined weight of vegetable meal and alkali solution. Protein isolates produced by this process exhibit improved color, palatability and/or nutritional value, and comprise highly desirable additives for food products, animal foods, etc


Removal Of Raw Peanut Flavor And Odor In Peanut Flour Processed By Direct Solvent Extraction1, Lawrence A. Johnson, J. T. Farnsworth, R. J. Garland, E. W. Lusas Jan 1979

Removal Of Raw Peanut Flavor And Odor In Peanut Flour Processed By Direct Solvent Extraction1, Lawrence A. Johnson, J. T. Farnsworth, R. J. Garland, E. W. Lusas

Lawrence A. Johnson

Peanut slices can be directly extracted with hexane yielding more soluble protein and better color than pre-press solvent extraction; however, flavor and odor are characterized as raw and “green beany”. The utilization of secondary extraction with hexane: ethanol azeotrope, hexane: methanol azeotrope and absolute ethanol subsequent to hexane extraction significantly improved flavor and odor characteristics of peanut flour. Hexane: propanol azeotrope did not significantly improve sensory evaluations. Hexane: ethanol azeotrope did not reduce soluble protein, yielding an NSI value of 95%. Hexane: methanol azeotrope and absolute ethanol slightly reduced NSI to 88% and 92% respectively. Color of peanut flour was …


Clouding Control Agent For Beverages, Lawrence A. Johnson Oct 1976

Clouding Control Agent For Beverages, Lawrence A. Johnson

Lawrence A. Johnson

A cloud control agent for use in aqueous beverages such as soft drinks comprising ethoxylated monoglyceride in combination with essential oils wherein the ratio of ethoxylated monoglyceride to essential oil is between about 0.01 to 2. The cloud for beverages and similar food products can be effectively controlled by varying the ratio from about 0.01 to 0.75 to obtain an opaque solution whereas a ratio of 0.75 to 0 provides a clear solution.


Condiment Encapsulation By Spray Drying, Lawrence A. Johnson Oct 1976

Condiment Encapsulation By Spray Drying, Lawrence A. Johnson

Lawrence A. Johnson

An improvement in process for producing encapsulated condiment particles by spray drying wherein a special surface-coating step is done while subjecting such particles to spray drying.


Encapsulation Of Sugar And Its Use In Sweetened Coconut, Lawrence A. Johnson, Larry A. Walters Aug 1976

Encapsulation Of Sugar And Its Use In Sweetened Coconut, Lawrence A. Johnson, Larry A. Walters

Lawrence A. Johnson

Improved sweetened coconut products coated with powdered sugar can be made by substituting for a fraction of said powdered sugar, particles of sugar encapsulated in edible fat.