Digital Commons Network^™

Influence Of Sports Drink Taste Preference On Consumption In Adult Recreational Soccer Players, Kiarash Molavi

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Sports drinks provide nutrients that improve athletic performance. This study investigated whether a preference in taste leads to an increased consumption of a sports drink prior to and after an endurance event in athletes. Male amateur soccer players (n=16) first participated in a blind sensory evaluation to determine their taste preference for two (designated as Drink A and Drink B) similarly flavored sports drinks. Subjects were divided into two groups based on their taste preference for either drink. They then participated in 9 soccer matches and were presented with either Drink A, Drink B, or water (3 trials each) before …

Identification Of Novel Gastric Stem Cell Markers And Investigation Of Intestinal Stem Cell Cre-Mediated Recombination, Theresa M. Keeley

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Very few genetic markers for gastric stem cells are currently described. Identifying new markers is important for increasing our basic understanding of gastric tissues and studying mechanisms of cancer development. Gastric and intestinal tissues share a common developmental program. Thus, intestinal stem cell genetic drivers were investigated for putative expression in gastric stem cells, utilizing Cre/Lox technology for lineage tracing. The recombination efficiencies of reporters with intestinal drivers and the effect of tamoxifen-induced tissue damage were also investigated.

It was discovered that higher doses of tamoxifen do not increase reporter activation in the intestine but induce gastric tissue damage. It …

Study Of The Effectiveness Of Instant Activities On Student Behavior In Elementary Physical Education, Jerry Ray Leonard

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this research study was to assess how the use of instant activities as a physical education classroom warm-up impacts student behavior during the elementary physical education class period. The study examined whether or not the use of instant activities reduces the number of off-task student behaviors during a physical education class period. The research study focused on two fourth grade elementary classes that came to the physical education classroom twice a week for two months as part of this study. One class performed an instant activity every day before the start of the instructional period. The other …

A Comparative Study Of Carnivorous Leaves In The Genus Sarracenia, Katie Nolan

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The carnivorous pitcher plant genus, Sarracenia, has modified leaves adapted to lure, trap, and digest insect prey. Little is known about surface microstructural ornamentation and variation throughout the genus. Four zones of the leaf were examined in four species throughout the range of the genus using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Nine unique microstructures were identified in the carnivorous leaf. For the first time, microstructures (N=880) were systematically measured and zonal averages were compared among zones (with MANOVA) and species (with PCA). Microstructures are significantly different among zones of the same leaf and vary among different species. These data suggest …

Biomechanical Comparisons Of The Power Clean And Power Hang Clean Exercises At Different Relative Intensities, Jacob Troy Caldwell

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to compare normalized peak power (PP) and peak barbell acceleration (BA) between the power clean (PC) and power hang clean (PHC) exercises among eight male weightlifters (25.5 ℗ł 2.86 yr; 85.25 ℗ł 11 kg). Biomechanical comparisons were made between both exercises at 60%, 70%, and 80% of each subject⁰́₉s one repetition maximum (1RM). When comparing both exercises for normalized PP, there was no significant difference at 60% and 70% of 1RM. At 80% 1RM, the PHC demonstrated significance (p = 0.016) with higher normalized PP when compared to the PC. When comparing both exercises …

Sources Of Calcium, Vitamin D, Fiber, And Potassium In American Fast Food, Meghan Pearson

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Calcium, vitamin D, fiber, and potassium are widely underconsumed in the U.S. This study analyzes nutrition information from quick service restaurants to determine the fast-food industry⁰́₉s contribution of these nutrients to the American diet. The menu offerings of top-grossing quick-service restaurants in each of seven categories, McDonald's℗ʼ (burger), Subway℗ʼ (sandwich), Taco Bell℗ʼ (Mexican), Pizza Hut℗ʼ (pizza), Chick-fil-A℗ʼ (chicken), Panda Express℗ʼ (Asian), and Long John Silver's℗ʼ (seafood), were analyzed for calcium, vitamin D, fiber, potassium, and calories. The highest mean values of key nutrients were found at Pizza Hut (256.4 mg calcium), McDonald⁰́₉s (0.509 mcg vitamin D), Taco Bell (4.4 g …

Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of Beach Fouling In Saginaw Bay, Michigan, Daniela Bull

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Beach fouling is a problem in the Great Lakes. We surveyed beaches along the southwestern shore of Saginaw Bay to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of beach fouling (muck), muck composition, and any relationship between muck accrual and weather conditions. Muck deposition was greater towards the end of the growing season. The Bay City Recreation Area (BCRA) had the highest frequency of muck presence. BCRA muck depth was much greater in 2010 and 2011 than in 2012 and 2013. No sites differed in muck depth in 2012, but in 2013 the two southernmost sites tended to have greater muck …

Elucidating The Conservation Status Of Michigan's Red-Eared Slider (Trachemys Scripta Elegans): A Phylogeographic Approach, Patrick J. Terry

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The geographic origin of Michigan’s Trachemys scripta elegans has been a contentious subject since its first description in 1934. At that time two explanations were proposed: 1) populations of T. s. elegans are native to Michigan and naturally expanded their range from Ohio and Indiana; or 2) populations are non-native and have been introduced by humans via the pet-trade from throughout the United States. To differentiate between these possibilities, I compare the genetic structure of six populations throughout Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio, using six microsatellite markers. No isolation-by-distance was detected and model-based statistics support two genetic clusters with five populations …

The Effects Of Salinity On The Stratification And Nutrient Dynamics Of Inland Lakes In Southeast Michigan, Hallee Kansman

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

Temperate lakes typically turnover twice annually; however, certain factors can reduce the possibility of turnover. One of these factors may be the addition of road salt to the watershed. Road salt increases the density of water, increasing the energy needed to turnover a lake. Reduced turnover can have major effects on the nutrient dynamics of the lake. In this study, I examined seven small, deep lakes in Southeast Michigan to determine if turnover was affected by salinity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether these turnover events in TSL have changed since 2009 and how common incomplete spring …