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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
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Impact Of Carbon Sources On Growth And Oxalate Synthesis By The Phytopathogenic Fungus Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum, Bryan J. Culbertson, Jaymie Krone, Erastus Gatebe, Norbert C. Furumo, Steven L. Daniel
Impact Of Carbon Sources On Growth And Oxalate Synthesis By The Phytopathogenic Fungus Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum, Bryan J. Culbertson, Jaymie Krone, Erastus Gatebe, Norbert C. Furumo, Steven L. Daniel
Steven L. Daniel
The impact of various supplemental carbon sources (oxalate, glyoxylate, glycolate, pyruvate, formate, malate, acetate, and succinate) on growth and oxalate formation (i.e., oxalogenesis) by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was studied. With isolates D-E7, 105, W-B10, and Arg-L of S. sclerotiorum, growth in an undefined broth medium (0.1% soytone; pH 5) with 25 mM glucose and 25 mM supplemental carbon source was increased by the addition of malate and succinate. Oxalate accumulation occurred in the presence of glucose and a supplemental carbon source, with malate, acetate, and succinate supporting the most oxalate synthesis. With S. sclerotiorum Arg-L, oxalate-to-biomass ratios, an indicator of oxalogenic …
Mammalian Cell Cytotoxicity Analysis Of Soybean Rust Fungicides, Steven L. Daniel, G. L. Hartman, E. D. Wagner, M. J. Plewa
Mammalian Cell Cytotoxicity Analysis Of Soybean Rust Fungicides, Steven L. Daniel, G. L. Hartman, E. D. Wagner, M. J. Plewa
Steven L. Daniel
No abstract provided.
Impact Of Nutritional Supplements And Monosaccharides On Growth, Oxalate Accumulation, And Culture Ph By Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum, Steven L. Daniel, Bryan J. Culbertson, Norbert C. Furumo
Impact Of Nutritional Supplements And Monosaccharides On Growth, Oxalate Accumulation, And Culture Ph By Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum, Steven L. Daniel, Bryan J. Culbertson, Norbert C. Furumo
Steven L. Daniel
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum D-E7 was studied to determine the impact of nutritional supplements and monosaccharides on growth, oxalate accumulation, and culture pH in broth media (initial pH c. 5). Cultures with 0.1% nutritional supplement (tryptone, yeast extract, or soytone) yielded minimal growth, 2–3 mM oxalate, and a final culture pH of 4.2–4.8. In contrast, cultures with 0.1% nutritional supplement and 25 mM glucose yielded significant growth, minimal oxalate (<1 mM), and a final culture pH of 2.8–3.7. Similar trends were observed when glucose in 0.1% soytone cultures was replaced with 25 mM d-mannose, l-arabinose, or d-xylose. With 1% soytone-25 mM glucose cultures, growth and oxalate accumulation (∼21 mM) occurred with little change in initial pH. This was not the case with 1% soytone-250 mM glucose cultures; increased glucose levels resulted in a decrease in oxalate accumulation (∼7 mM) and in final culture pH (3.4). Time-course studies with these cultures revealed that oxalate accumulation was suppressed during growth when the culture pH dropped to <4. Overall, these results indicate that (1) the decrease in external pH (i.e. acidification) was independent of oxalate accumulation and (2) acidification coupled to glucose-dependent growth regulated oxalate accumulation by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
The Distribution Of Apolipoprotein E In Mouse Olfactory Epithelium, Britto P. Nathan, Sreenivas Nannapaneni, Salina Gairhe, Ikemefuna Nwosu, Robert G. Struble
The Distribution Of Apolipoprotein E In Mouse Olfactory Epithelium, Britto P. Nathan, Sreenivas Nannapaneni, Salina Gairhe, Ikemefuna Nwosu, Robert G. Struble
Britto P. Nathan
Previous studies from our laboratory suggest that apolipoprotein (apoE), a lipid transporting protein, facilitates olfactory nerve regeneration. We have shown that apoE is enriched in the olfactory nerve and around the glomeruli of the olfactory bulb (OB). The studies reported herein were undertaken to identify possible sources of apoE in the olfactory epithelium (OE). Immunoblotting results revealed apoE expression in the OE of wild-type (WT) mice, but not in apoE deficient/knockout (KO) mice. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the perikarya and processes of sustentacular (Sus) cells expressed apoE-like immunoreactivity. Minimal neuronal apoE immunostaining was seen, although apoE was observed in the …
Using Dragonflies As Common, Flexible, And Charismatic Subjects For Teaching The Scientific Process, Paul Switzer
Using Dragonflies As Common, Flexible, And Charismatic Subjects For Teaching The Scientific Process, Paul Switzer
Paul V. Switzer
No abstract provided.
Native And Exotic Plant Species Exhibit Similar Population Dynamics During Succession, Scott J. Meiners
Native And Exotic Plant Species Exhibit Similar Population Dynamics During Succession, Scott J. Meiners
Scott J. Meiners
A growing body of literature has led to the debate in invasion biology whether exotic species perform within communities differently than native taxa due to inherent advantages. To address this issue, the population dynamics of native and exotic plant species were assessed from a 48-year record of permanent plot data from the Hutcheson Memorial Forest Center (New Jersey, USA) to determine rate of increase, lag time, maximum frequency, and the year of peak frequency. Overall, native and exotic species exhibited very similar population dynamics. Rates of increase and length of lag times were similar between native and exotic taxa but …
Apoptosis Of Dedifferentiated Hepatoma Cells Is Independent Of Nf-Jb Activation In Response To Lps, M. Ryan Reidy, Janette Ellis, Erin A. Schmitz, David M. Kraus, Gary A. Bulla
Apoptosis Of Dedifferentiated Hepatoma Cells Is Independent Of Nf-Jb Activation In Response To Lps, M. Ryan Reidy, Janette Ellis, Erin A. Schmitz, David M. Kraus, Gary A. Bulla
Gary A. Bulla
Dedifferentiated hepatoma cells, in contrast to most other cell types including hepatoma cells, undergo apoptosis when treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHx). We recently reported that the dedifferentiated hepatoma cells also exhibit a strong and prolonged NF-jB induction phenotype upon exposure to LPS, suggesting that NF-jB signaling may play a pro-survival role, as reported in several other cell systems. To test the role of NF-jB in preventing LPS-mediated apoptosis, we examined the dedifferentiated cell line M38. Results show that antioxidants strongly inhibited LPS + CHx-mediated cell death in the M38 cells, yet only modestly inhibited …
Anaerobic Oxalate Consumption By Microorganisms In Forest Soils, Steven L. Daniel, Christine Pilsl, Harold L. Drake
Anaerobic Oxalate Consumption By Microorganisms In Forest Soils, Steven L. Daniel, Christine Pilsl, Harold L. Drake
Steven L. Daniel
The microbial consumption of oxalate was examined under anaerobic conditions in soil suspensions at 15-20 degree C. With soil (horizon Ah, pH 6.4) from a beech forest, microbial consumption of added oxalate (15 mM) began after 10 days, and oxalate was totally consumed by day 20. The presence of supplemental electron donors (acetate, glucose, vanillate, or hydrogen) or electron acceptors (nitrate or sulfate) did not significantly influence anaerobic oxalate consumption, whereas supplementation of soil suspensions with CO2/bicarbonate totally repressed oxalate consumption. Thus, CO2-, nitrate- or sulfate-respiring bacteria were apparently not active in the anaerobic consumption of oxalate in these soil …
Production Of Methanethiol And Volatile Sulfur Compounds By The Archaeon ‘‘Ferroplasma Acidarmanus’’, David J. Baumler, Kai F. Hung, Kwang Cheol Jeong, Charles W. Kaspar
Production Of Methanethiol And Volatile Sulfur Compounds By The Archaeon ‘‘Ferroplasma Acidarmanus’’, David J. Baumler, Kai F. Hung, Kwang Cheol Jeong, Charles W. Kaspar
Kai F. Hung
Acidophiles are typically isolated from sulfaterich ecological niches yet the role of sulfur metabolism in their growth and survival is poorly defined. Studies of heterotrophically grown ‘‘Ferroplasma acidarmanus’’ showed that its growth requires a minimum of 100 mM of a sulfate-containing salt. Headspace gas analyses by GC/ MS determined that the volatile sulfur compound emitted by active ‘‘F. acidarmanus’’ cultures is methanethiol. In ‘‘F. acidarmanus’’ cultures grown either heterotrophically or chemolithotrophically, methanethiol was produced constitutively. Radiotracer studies with 35S-labeled methionine, cysteine, and sulfate showed that all three were used in methanethiol production. Additionally, 3H-labeled methionine was incorporated into methanethiol and …
Over-Expression Of Udp-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase In Hybrid Poplar Affects Carbon Allocation, Heather D. Coleman, Thomas Canam, Kyu-Young Kang, David D. Ellis, Shawn D. Mansfield
Over-Expression Of Udp-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase In Hybrid Poplar Affects Carbon Allocation, Heather D. Coleman, Thomas Canam, Kyu-Young Kang, David D. Ellis, Shawn D. Mansfield
Thomas Canam
The effects of the over-expression of the Acetobacter xylinum UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) under the control of the tandem repeat Cauliflower Mosaic Virus promoter (2335S) on plant metabolism and growth were investigated in hybrid poplar (Populus alba3grandidentata). Transcript levels, enzyme activity, growth parameters, leaf morphology, structural and soluble carbohydrates, and soluble metabolite levels were quantified in both transgenic and wild-type trees. Transgenic 2335S::UGPase poplar showed impaired growth rates, displaying reduced height growth and stem diameter. Morphologically, 2335S::UGPase trees had elongated axial shoots, and leaves that were substantially smaller in size when compared with wild-type trees at equivalent developmental stages. Biochemical analysis …
Physical Contests For Females In The Japanese Beetle, Popillia Japonica, Paul Switzer, Kipp C. Kruse
Physical Contests For Females In The Japanese Beetle, Popillia Japonica, Paul Switzer, Kipp C. Kruse
Paul V. Switzer
We conducted field observations of physical competition for mates, in which a single male attempts to usurp a female from another male, in male Japanese beetles, Popillia japonica Newman (Coleoptera; Scarabaeidae). Physical contests for mates were relatively rare, but when they occurred the challenger male was able to successfully takeover females by dislodging the previously paired resident male in only 18% of contests, suggesting that a substantial prior residency advantage exists in this species. Challenger males that were successful in takeover attempts were significantly larger than the resident male. In contrast, no size pattern was found between intruding males and …
The Effect Of Male And Female Body Size On Mating Behavior Of Male Fairy Shrimp, Eubranchipus Neglectus, Craig Feigenbaum, Paul V. Switzer
The Effect Of Male And Female Body Size On Mating Behavior Of Male Fairy Shrimp, Eubranchipus Neglectus, Craig Feigenbaum, Paul V. Switzer
Paul V. Switzer
We studied size-related mating patterns in the freshwater fairy shrimp Eubranchipus neglectus in the laboratory. Males were provided with relatively small or large females that they could only sense by vision. We recorded the number of times a male pursued the female (“follows”), the duration of these follows, and the number of times a male attempted to grasp the female. Relatively large males performed more mating behavior than relatively small males. Furthermore, males (regardless of their own size) exhibited more mating behavior towards large than small females. They followed large females more frequently, attempted to grasp large females more often, …
Phylogeny And Geological History Of The Cynipoid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea), Zhiwei Liu, Michael S. Engel, David A. Grimaldi
Phylogeny And Geological History Of The Cynipoid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea), Zhiwei Liu, Michael S. Engel, David A. Grimaldi
Zhiwei Liu
The geological history of the wasp superfamily Cynipoidea is reviewed, with the description of various new taxa, being mostly in Late Cretaceous amber from New Jersey and Canada. The various fossil lineages are incorporated into a phylogenetic analysis of the superfamily, and their implications for understanding the evolution of the group are explored. The following new taxa or taxonomic changes are proposed (authorship of all taxa is Liu and Engel): Protimaspidae, new family; Stolamissidae, new family; Stolamissus, new genus; Stolamissus mirabilis, new species; Proliopterinae, new subfamily; Proliopteron, new genus; Proliopteron redactus, new species; Goeraniinae, new subfamily; Goerania, new genus; Goerania …
The Cynipoid Genus Paramblynotus: Revision, Phylogeny, And Historical Biogeography (Hymenoptera, Liopteridae), Zhiwei Liu, Fredrik Ronquist, Goeran Nordlander
The Cynipoid Genus Paramblynotus: Revision, Phylogeny, And Historical Biogeography (Hymenoptera, Liopteridae), Zhiwei Liu, Fredrik Ronquist, Goeran Nordlander
Zhiwei Liu
The genus Paramblynotus is the most species-rich genus of the so-called macrocynipoids, the large cynipoid parasitoids of wood-boring and cone-boring insect larvae. The species range in size from some of the largest to the smallest macrocynipoids, comparable in size to microcynipoids. Paramblynotus members occur on all continents except Europe and Australia, with most species being tropical or subtropical. The biology is poorly known but a few observations indicate that the species are parasitoids of beetle larvae. In this monographic revision of the genus, we present a species-level cladistic analysis based on qualitative and quantitative features of the external morphology. For …
Additions To The Flora Of Connecticut, Gordon C. Tucker
Additions To The Flora Of Connecticut, Gordon C. Tucker
Gordon C. Tucker
Since the publication of the Connecticut checklist by Dowhan (1979), new state records have continued to appear. These were summarized by Mehrhoff (1995), including some made by Tucker ( 1987, 1991 ). Although geographically distant, the flora of Connecticut has continued to hold my attention since the publication of a flora of the southeastern part of the state (Tucker 1995). Over the past decade, I have made several collections that are new records for the state flora. These new records are reported in this paper, as well as a 1970 collection of Coronilla scorpio ides that was never added to …
Review: Healthy Living Program, Module 6: Fall Prevention, Carol Hendricks, Angie Ison, Jasmine Sufranski, Melanie Burns
Review: Healthy Living Program, Module 6: Fall Prevention, Carol Hendricks, Angie Ison, Jasmine Sufranski, Melanie Burns
Melanie Burns
No abstract provided.
Review: Your Personal Path To Health: Steps To A Healthier You!, Lindsay Schwarz, Jennette Ryan, Melanie Burns
Review: Your Personal Path To Health: Steps To A Healthier You!, Lindsay Schwarz, Jennette Ryan, Melanie Burns
Melanie Burns
No abstract provided.
Review: Calcium Counseling Resource (2005), From National Dairy Council, Patty Berry, Audra Cisna, Melanie Burns
Review: Calcium Counseling Resource (2005), From National Dairy Council, Patty Berry, Audra Cisna, Melanie Burns
Melanie Burns
No abstract provided.
Review: Eat Smart North Carolina: Guidelines For Healthy Foods And Beverages At Meetings, Gatherings, And Events, Megan Mccallister, Kelly Knust, Lindsey Wilson, Melanie Burns
Review: Eat Smart North Carolina: Guidelines For Healthy Foods And Beverages At Meetings, Gatherings, And Events, Megan Mccallister, Kelly Knust, Lindsey Wilson, Melanie Burns
Melanie Burns
No abstract provided.
Review: Celebrate Healthy Eating, Dannon Institute, Inc. (2003), Updated 2006. Web Site For Early Childhood Professionals: Http://Www.Celebratehealthyeating.Org, Chrissy Mitzel, Jae Mukoyama, Gwen Zumwalt, Melanie Burns
Review: Celebrate Healthy Eating, Dannon Institute, Inc. (2003), Updated 2006. Web Site For Early Childhood Professionals: Http://Www.Celebratehealthyeating.Org, Chrissy Mitzel, Jae Mukoyama, Gwen Zumwalt, Melanie Burns
Melanie Burns
No abstract provided.
Review: Water With Lemon, Jessica Petruszak, Mary Jane Hacker, Brie Gulley, Melanie Burns
Review: Water With Lemon, Jessica Petruszak, Mary Jane Hacker, Brie Gulley, Melanie Burns
Melanie Burns
No abstract provided.