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Evaluation And Adjustment Of Usda Wasde Cotton Forecasts, David Tysinger
Evaluation And Adjustment Of Usda Wasde Cotton Forecasts, David Tysinger
All Theses
The dynamic and volatile nature of agricultural markets causes individuals to rely on forecasts in their decision-making. WASDE cotton forecasts are shown to be especially volatile as cotton is one of the most trade dependent commodities in the world. Therefore, its evaluation requires us to look beyond U.S. WASDE categories and evaluate forecasts for China and the World.
This study will use data from monthly WASDE balance sheets for upland cotton for the U.S, China and World over 1985/1986 through 2008/2009 including unpublished price forecasts. The results of this study will provide information that can be used to improve the …
Response Of Warm Season Turfgrasses To Reduced Light Environments, Jeffrey Atkinson
Response Of Warm Season Turfgrasses To Reduced Light Environments, Jeffrey Atkinson
All Theses
Shade or low light tolerance is an increasingly important issue to turf managers as they are often expected to grow turf in less than ideal agronomic conditions. As permanent structures such as residential buildings add to already problematic shade caused by trees, and other barriers, new solutions are needed to help turf managers provide acceptable turf conditions. The plant growth regulator trinexapac-ethyl (TE) can lessen negative responses of turfgrass to shade.
Two experiments were conducted during the summers of 2008 and 2009 to evaluate various grasses under a reduced light environment (RLE). In the first study, performance of `Diamond' zoysiagrass …
Chemical Composition And Antioxidant Properties Of Maya Nut (Brosimum Alicastrum), Hatice Kubra Tokpunar
Chemical Composition And Antioxidant Properties Of Maya Nut (Brosimum Alicastrum), Hatice Kubra Tokpunar
All Theses
ABSTRACT
Maya nut was investigated in term of its moisture, ash content, antioxidant activities, phenolic components by high pressure liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV) and fatty acid composition by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The results showed that Maya nut was mainly composed of 55.06% linoleic acid (C18:2 n6), 27.2% palmitic acid (C16:0), 6.26% stearic acid (C18:0), 9.9% linolenic acid (C18:3 n3), and 3.36% Cis-11-Eicosenoic (C20:1). Maya nut possesses a higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (linoleic and linolenic acid), but lower content of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) than canola oil and olive oil. The antioxidant capacities and total phenolic …
In Vitro Boosting And Expansion Of Tumor Infiltrating Killer T Cells, Chunlei Mei
In Vitro Boosting And Expansion Of Tumor Infiltrating Killer T Cells, Chunlei Mei
All Theses
Immune cell tumor infiltration represents one of the mechanisms that the immune system responds to tumor cells. The tumor infiltrated immune cells include lymphocytes (TIL), dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and natural killer (NK) cells. Although TILs have been extensively studied in order to develop adoptive transfer based immunotherapies, how to effectively isolate, culture, and in vitro boosting the killer cells from TILs remains a challenge. Meanwhile, OK-432, a heat and penicillin-treated lyophilized preparation of the low-virulence strain of Streptococcus pyogenes, has been shown to exhibit immunomodulatory activities and potential antitumor therapeutic function, including the activation of DCs, neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, …
Two-Year Growth And Mortality Of Sub-Canopy Baldcypress (Taxodium Distichum [L.] Rich.) In Artificial Canopy Gaps In A North Carolina Swamp, William Degravelles
Two-Year Growth And Mortality Of Sub-Canopy Baldcypress (Taxodium Distichum [L.] Rich.) In Artificial Canopy Gaps In A North Carolina Swamp, William Degravelles
All Theses
Baldcypress (Taxodium distichum, [L.] Rich.) -tupelo (Nyssa spp.) swamp forests are a major component of the total area of southeastern U.S. forested wetlands which provide valuable ecosystem services related to water quality, stormwater catchment, and wildlife habitat. Historically, baldcypress has also been an important source of wood products, and clearcutting the principal method of harvesting and regenerating the species. However, anthropogenic alterations to flows of many rivers and the associated flood patterns of alluvial wetlands have prevented the establishment of new baldcypress cohorts in many swamps. Regular, extended growing season flooding could prevent germination and/or establishment of baldcypress seedlings if …
Measuring Menu Performance By Plate Waste Analysis: An Evaluation Of An Acute Care Facility's Spoken Word Liberalized Menu, Megan Sargeant
Measuring Menu Performance By Plate Waste Analysis: An Evaluation Of An Acute Care Facility's Spoken Word Liberalized Menu, Megan Sargeant
All Theses
The Bon Secours St. Francis Downtown Hospital has recently changed their menus to offer meals in which the entrŽes are liberalized when possible. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of a newly introduced menu cycle in an acute-care facility foodservice system featuring a spoken word liberalized menu. Plate waste analysis was done by weighed measurements, using visual measurements when absolutes were observed (all or none). Performance of the menu was assessed with weighed plate waste analysis to determine weight of food consumed, energy consumed, and cost of food wasted. Meal consumption averaged 56% of the meal …
Femoral Loading Mechanics In Virginia Opossums (Didelphis Virginiana): Torsion And Mediolateral Bending In Mammalian Parasagittal Locomotion, William Gosnell
Femoral Loading Mechanics In Virginia Opossums (Didelphis Virginiana): Torsion And Mediolateral Bending In Mammalian Parasagittal Locomotion, William Gosnell
All Theses
Studies of limb bone loading in terrestrial mammals have typically found anteroposterior bending to be the primary loading regime, with torsion contributing minimally. However, previous studies have focused on large, cursorial eutherian species in which the limbs are held essentially upright. Recent in vivo strain data from the Virginia opossum Didelphis virginiana, a marsupial that uses a crouched rather than upright limb posture, have indicated that its femur experiences moderate torsion during locomotion as well as strong mediolateral bending. The elevated femoral torsion and strong mediolateral bending observed in opossums (compared to other mammals) might result from external forces such …
Characterization Of Transgenic Plum Lines Expressing Gastrodia Antifungal Protein (Gafp)-1, Hetalben Kalariya
Characterization Of Transgenic Plum Lines Expressing Gastrodia Antifungal Protein (Gafp)-1, Hetalben Kalariya
All Theses
The Gastrodia antifungal protein (GAFP-1) is a mannose-binding lectin originating from the Asiatic orchid Gastrodia elata. It has potential for conferring resistance to fungal and non-fungal pathogens in other plants which is currently being investigated. The goals of this research project were to determine (i) the potential movement of GAFP-1 protein from transgenic rootstocks into the non-transgenic scion of chimeric-grafted trees (ii) the levels of GAFP-1 protein in lines of the cultivar Bluebyrd expressing the gene gafp-1 under the control of the polyubiquitin promoter bul409, and (iii) the susceptibility of selected lines to the root pathogens Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands and …
Development, Characterization, And Technical Applications Of An Atlantic Killifish Ahr-2 Specific Monoclonal Antibody (Mab 5b6), Josephine Wojdylo
Development, Characterization, And Technical Applications Of An Atlantic Killifish Ahr-2 Specific Monoclonal Antibody (Mab 5b6), Josephine Wojdylo
All Theses
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) functions as a ligand-activated transcription factor normally found in the cytoplasmic compartment of cells held by chaperones and immunophilin-like proteins. Ligand binding dissociates the AhR/ligand from chaperone proteins, allowing translocation to the nucleus with subsequent transcription of a suite of responsive genes, most notably Phase I, II, and III drug metabolism genes. Select environmental contaminants such as co-planar PCBs, planar polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (HAHs) are potent AhR agonists, with 2,3,7,8 -tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) being one of the most potent. Adverse effects of exposure to these potent environmental AhR ligands include immune suppression, …
Isolation, Characterization And Application Of Bacteriophage To Treat Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria In Raw Animal Materials Destined For The Rendering Process, Chao Gong
All Theses
In the United States, billions of pounds of animal by-products are generated by the food processing industry every year. Hydrogen sulfide producing bacteria (SPB) can utilize the sulfur-containing proteins and amino acids in the raw animal materials destined for the rendering process to produce harmful hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas rapidly under the ambient conditions, resulting in hazardous working environments and inferior quality of finished products. In this study, the application of bacteriophage was explored as an effective solution for the elimination of H2S production in the rendering industry. The objectives of this study were to: 1) isolate and characterize strains …
Bovine Colostrum, Mary Hayes
Bovine Colostrum, Mary Hayes
All Theses
Colostrum is the first milk produced by mammals within a 24 to 72 hour period after parturition. Bovine colostrum is sold commercially as a nutraceutical product and its manufacturers purport numerous health benefits of the product for treating gastrointestinal disorders, respiratory tract disorders, viral and bacterial infections, and promoting tissue repair.
Four commercially available colostrum products, two whey, and one non-fat dry milk were obtained on separate days. These products were analyzed for fat, protein, ash, moisture and dry matter content. One colostrum product did not adhere to label claims in that it contained a mean of 19.1% fat whereas …
Effect Of Crust Freezing On The Quality And Survival Of Escherichia Coli And Salmonella Typhimurium In Raw Poultry Products, Byron Chaves-Elizondo
Effect Of Crust Freezing On The Quality And Survival Of Escherichia Coli And Salmonella Typhimurium In Raw Poultry Products, Byron Chaves-Elizondo
All Theses
Industry has widely used freezing as a strategy to halt pathogen growth and more recently, crust freezing has been suggested as a means to improve mechanical operations, quality, and safety of poultry products. Two separate studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of crust freezing (20 min, -85 ¡C) on the survival of Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium and on quality and shelf life of raw chicken breasts, with or without skin. For the first study, ampicillin-resistant E. coli JM 109 and nalidixic acid-resistant S. Typhimurium were used in the experiments. A set of cultures was subjected to cold-shock stress …
Shelf Life Studies On Processed Peaches, Divija Unhale
Shelf Life Studies On Processed Peaches, Divija Unhale
All Theses
A series of experiments were conducted on the preservation of fresh peaches using freezing and heat (hot-filled packaging). In the first experiment, the effects of four calcium salts (calcium chloride, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, calcium phosphate) on the texture of processed peach slices were determined. Peach slices were immersed in solutions containing dissolved calcium salts at levels of 0.5, 1 and 2 % for 1 minute then stored at 4 ¡C for 3 days. Treatments with calcium salts were firmer than non calcium treated peach slices at all levels. Calcium lactate at 2 % level was best in terms of …
Biofuel Ethanol Production By Saccharomyces Bayanus, The Champagne Yeast, Kristen Miller
Biofuel Ethanol Production By Saccharomyces Bayanus, The Champagne Yeast, Kristen Miller
All Theses
The importance of biofuel ethanol is growing as the demand for clean, renewable fuels produced from non-food sources increases. The United States relies mainly on corn and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of ethanol. A shift to cellulosic feedstocks, as the main source of biomass for ethanol production, would alleviate the pressure on farmers to produce corn for both the food industry and the ethanol industry. Example cellulosic feedstocks include switchgrass, sorghum, and canary grass. The cellulosic feedstocks are typically grown on land that cannot support economic food production, and thus lay unused.
For cellulosic feedstocks to be …
Development Of A Carbohydrate Microarray System And A Microcantilever-Based Biosensor For Detection Of Target Bacteria, Yunyan Cheng
Development Of A Carbohydrate Microarray System And A Microcantilever-Based Biosensor For Detection Of Target Bacteria, Yunyan Cheng
All Theses
The increasing number of disease outbreaks results in a demand for novel pathogen detectors. Carbohydrates serving as receptors for pathogen lectins have become the focus of such research. Two primary sugars, ‡-D-mannose and ‡-L-fucose, as receptors for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively, are of great interest to researchers due to their high affinity. These interactions can be studied using carbohydrate microarrays, which are also suitable platforms for detecting bacterial pathogens. In addition, carbohydrates have the potential to act as sensing molecules in microcantilever-based biosensors. The goal of this research was to design a carbohydrate microarray system to study the …
A Re-Examination Of Diplectrona Modesta Banks 1908 (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) Using Morphological And Molecular Techniques, Lauren Harvey
A Re-Examination Of Diplectrona Modesta Banks 1908 (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) Using Morphological And Molecular Techniques, Lauren Harvey
All Theses
Diplectrona modesta Banks 1908 (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) is a common inhabitant of streams across eastern North America. This species is well known and used often in biomonitoring studies. Experts in the field have long noted the morphological variation in larval head color and patterns as well as the species presence in many different types of habitats, such as springs, seeps, streams, and some small rivers. This study examines the species both morphologically and molecularly using mitochondrial and nuclear genes in order to determine if the species is a complex of several species or one highly variable species. DNA sequencing using the …
Effects Of Common Culinary Cooking Techniques On The Antioxidants In Collard Greens, Alexander Clifford
Effects Of Common Culinary Cooking Techniques On The Antioxidants In Collard Greens, Alexander Clifford
All Theses
This thesis explores the effects of different cooking techniques on the antioxidant activity in collard greens. Chapter 1 is a literature review covering the topics of antioxidants, nutrition, cooking techniques and the effect of thermal treatment on antioxidants. Chapter 2 is a research manuscript evaluating collard greens from a local South Carolina farm exposed to seven different thermal treatments along with an untreated raw group. The thermal treatments utilized were sautŽ, both long and short simmer, the sautŽ treatment applied to both a long and short simmer treated group and the reserved cooking water from both a long and short …
Evaluation Of Health And Diabetes Knowledge Of Cu4health Participants By Food Frequency Questionnaire And Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test, Peter Mukwevho
Evaluation Of Health And Diabetes Knowledge Of Cu4health Participants By Food Frequency Questionnaire And Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test, Peter Mukwevho
All Theses
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) has been steadily rising in the United States. The condition is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and is preceded by insulin resistance. Before the onset of T2D patients go through a state of pre-diabetes. To be tested for pre-diabetes and diabetes, either a Fasting Plasma Glucose test or an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test may be used. While an estimated 24 million Americans have T2D, another 57 million Americans are estimated to be in a state of pre-diabetes. There are many risk factors that may contribute to the development of T2D including obesity, a high calorie …
Further Purification And Characterization Of Jenseniin P, A Bacteriocin Produced By Propionibacterium Jensenii B1264, Gaoyan Wang
Further Purification And Characterization Of Jenseniin P, A Bacteriocin Produced By Propionibacterium Jensenii B1264, Gaoyan Wang
All Theses
Jenseniin P, a bacteriocin discovered by Prince, can inhibit the growth of several strains of propionibacteria and lactobacillus(Prince 1993). Ratnam further purified jenseniin P by ammonia sulfate precipitation and anion exchange chromatography. In that study, partially purified jenseniin P was stable in various pH ranges, SDS concentrations, several solvents, and remained active after holding at 100 ¡C for 60 minutes. The molecular weight was estimated to be between 6 and 9 kDa. In addition, jenseniin P was demonstrated to be inhibitory to Propionibacterium acnes using the spot-on-lawn method. Thus, Ratnam postulated its possible application in acne treatment(Ratnam 1997).
In this …
The Effects Of Decoupled Payments On Production Decisions Under Base Acreage And Yield Updating Uncertainty: An Investigation Of Agricultural Chemical Use, Janet Peckham
All Theses
When first introduced, decoupled payments were thought to have minimal impacts on current production decisions and input use. In order to comply with the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture requiring all World Trade Organization (WTO) member countries to reduce trade distorting agricultural policies, in 1996 U.S. agricultural policies began shifting away from coupled payments, based on current prices, production, or output, towards decoupled payments.
However, the literature has identified several mechanisms by which decoupled payments have the potential to distort production in the current period. First, risk averse producers may increase production due to insurance and wealth effects. Second, in …
Willingness To Pay For Locally Grown And Organically Produced Fruits And Vegetables In Dominica, Seraphine George
Willingness To Pay For Locally Grown And Organically Produced Fruits And Vegetables In Dominica, Seraphine George
All Theses
ABSTRACT
With the intent of improving agricultural revenues and solidifying her place as an eco-tourism destination, it has been proposed that the island nation of The Commonwealth of Dominica convert all agricultural activities to organic production. To meet this challenge from the supply perspective, training of farmers in organic production practices has already begun. It remains, however, to quantify the potential demand for organically produced products. With this information in hand, appropriate producer support and marketing programs could be developed that would help to promote the production and consumption of Dominica‟s organic outputs and would propel Dominica toward its desired …
Effects Of An Enriched And Barren Environment On Behavioral And Physiological Responses Related To Laying Hen Welfare, Caroline Davis
Effects Of An Enriched And Barren Environment On Behavioral And Physiological Responses Related To Laying Hen Welfare, Caroline Davis
All Theses
This study was conducted to determine the effects of housing environment on behavioral and physiological responses related to laying hen welfare. General observations and two behavioral fear assessments (emergence test [EM] and tonic immobility test [TI]) were used as behavioral assessments. A heterophil/lymphocyte ratio was used as a physiological stress indicator. Nine hundred day-old Leghorn chicks were randomly assigned to either a floor pen environment or a commercial cage housing environment. The cage chicks were housed in 20 commercial battery brooder cages (25 per cage) up until four weeks of age and then moved to 39 battery grower cages (10 …
Seed Removal By The Red-Rumped Agouti, Dasyprocta Leporina, On A Caribbean Island, Benton Taylor
Seed Removal By The Red-Rumped Agouti, Dasyprocta Leporina, On A Caribbean Island, Benton Taylor
All Theses
Agoutis are important seed dispersers as well as predators of numerous plant species in Neotropical continental rainforests, but little is known about their role as seed removers (dispersers and predators) on islands. We investigated seed removal of seven rain forest species on the island of Dominica in the Lesser Antilles by the entire seed-remover community and specifically by the Red-rumped Agouti, Dasyprocta leporina, a scatterhoarding rodent introduced to the island approximately 2500 years ago. We recorded removal rates in three regions of Dominica from 168 experimentally placed seed groups containing a total of 1356 seeds. Seed groups were either accessible …
Comparing The Effectiveness And Acceptability Of The Jump Into Foods And Fitness (Jiff) And Quest For Health Nutrition Interventions Within An African-American Population, Jermaine Shaw
All Theses
The severity of the obesity epidemic has increased the necessity for nutrition education programs. These programs must be culturally and age appropriate in order to be more effective in bringing about positive behavior changes in the target populations.
This study examined the effectiveness and acceptability of the Jump into Foods and Fitness (JIFF) and Quest for Health nutrition education programs within a pre-adolescent African-American population. Two classes from the Boys and Girls Club of Sumter, S.C. were randomly assigned to one of the nutrition education programs. Class one was assigned to the JIFF curriculum, and included 23 participants. Class two …
The Role Of Behavioral Temperaments On The Ecology Of The Caribbean Reef Octopus, Octopus Briareus, Timothy Jordan
The Role Of Behavioral Temperaments On The Ecology Of The Caribbean Reef Octopus, Octopus Briareus, Timothy Jordan
All Theses
Traditional studies of predator-prey interactions have primarily focused on direct consumption as the most important effect on prey. Recent studies, however, have illustrated that nonlethal, risk effects may have an even greater impact. In this study, I evaluated the role of direct consumption and risk effects of the Caribbean reef octopus, Octopus briareus, on multiple species of crab and spiny lobster prey in Florida Bay, Florida. I conducted 13 monthly censuses of 8 nearshore field sites and observed the density and distribution of octopuses, crabs and lobsters. I found a significant negative correlation between the density of octopus predators and …
Intra- And Interpopulation Variation In Morphology And Behaviors In The Sailfin Molly, Poecilia Latipinna (Poeciliidae: Poecilia: Mollienesia), Jennifer Seda
All Theses
Understanding factors that contribute to population differences can provide insight into the process of speciation, yet population level studies seldom take into account variation among individuals within a population. Such intrapopulation variation may influence the degree to which interpopulation variation in suites of traits can arise. My research focused on characterizing intra- and interpopulation variation in male morphological and behavioral traits in the sailfin molly, Poecilia latipinna. First, I characterized the overall body shape of several populations of P. latipinna collected from north Florida in two different years. I used linear morphological measurements to examine shape and found there to …
Genome-Wide Screening For Functional Factors In Listeria Monocytogenes Biofilm Formation, Yong Ouyang
Genome-Wide Screening For Functional Factors In Listeria Monocytogenes Biofilm Formation, Yong Ouyang
All Theses
ABSTRACT
Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous gram positive food borne pathogen. Ingestion of L.monocytogenes contaminated food can cause serious infections in immune-compromised persons. In addition to planktonic growth, this pathogen can also grow as biofilms under adverse conditions, which has been proved to be more resistant than its planktonic counterpart to various eradications, such as antibiotic treatments. Compared with the extensively studied intracellular replication mechanisms, L.monocytogenes biofilm developmental process is not well understood.
Our research group initiated a systemic study on the molecular mechanisms of L.monocytogenes biofilm formation. A whole genome-scale screening for functional factors involved in L.monocytogenes biofilm development …
Insect Diversity And Pest Status On Switchgrass Grown For Biofuel In South Carolina, Claudia Holguin
Insect Diversity And Pest Status On Switchgrass Grown For Biofuel In South Carolina, Claudia Holguin
All Theses
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) has tremendous potential as a biomass and stock crop for cellulosic ethanol production or combustion as a solid fuel. The first goal of this study was to assess diversity of insects in a perennial switchgrass crop in South Carolina. A three-year study was conducted to sample insects using pitfall traps and sweep nets at the Pee Dee Research and Education Center in Florence, SC, from 2007-2009. Collected specimens were identified to family and classified by trophic groups, and predominant species were identified. The diversity and density of weeds in the field during the establishment year (2007) …
The Effect Of Predation And Immigration On Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Community Structure, Jenna Stanek
The Effect Of Predation And Immigration On Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Community Structure, Jenna Stanek
All Theses
To assess relative influences of local and regional processes, I created different intensities of predation (local process) and immigration (regional process) in an enclosure/exclosure field experiment on aquatic macroinvertebrate communities in a stream ecosystem. Twenty-four enclosures were manipulated in a two level, full factorial, repeated measures design which created four treatments: high predation/high immigration; high predation/low immigration; low predation/high immigration; and low predation/low immigration. I conducted Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling and Principal Coordinate Analysis on community data to determine differences in treatments. To look at changes in trophic structure, I quantified the percentage of each functional feeding group for each sampling …
Synthesis Of Opinions From The Food Manufacturing Industry, Academia Representatives, And Undergraduate Students Reviewed To Highlight The Skills, Knowledge And Attitudes Applied To The Product Development Process, Emilia Saad
All Theses
Satisfying the market needs for new food products is a challenge that every food processing company faces as consumers have diversified into many groups and necessities. Higher education institutions confront the same challenge in order to deliver
the precise knowledge and skills to prepare students to undertake the challenge of being integrated to industry as new product developers.
Industry and academia were surveyed and responses were used to compare their opinions about the importance of competencies currently taught in product development courses, and their relevance to the process. Fisher's Exact Test was used to compare the
distribution of the survey's …