Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Influence Of Neural Reward Processing On Memory In Depression, Nathan M. Hager
The Influence Of Neural Reward Processing On Memory In Depression, Nathan M. Hager
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
Theories and research suggest that depression involves impaired reward sensitivity and a deficit in memory for rewarding stimuli. Some researchers propose that this memory deficit may result from reduced neural reward sensitivity, which impairs the encoding of reward-related memories, but few studies have directly probed this connection. Such research may benefit from examining the reward positivity (RewP), an event-related potential (ERP) previously linked to reduced reward sensitivity in depression. Undergraduates with high or low self-reported depression completed a task in which they chose one of three doors, revealing a neutral word written in a color which indicated an outcome of …
Isolating Item And Subject Contributions To The Subsequent Memory Effect, Jihyun Cha
Isolating Item And Subject Contributions To The Subsequent Memory Effect, Jihyun Cha
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The subsequent memory effect (SME) refers to the greater brain activation during encoding of subsequently recognized items compared to subsequently forgotten items. Previous literature regarding SME has been primarily focused on identifying the role of specific regions during encoding or factors that potentially modulate the phenomenon. The current dissertation examines the degree to which this phenomenon can be explained by item selection effects; that is, the tendency of some items to be inherently more memorable than others. To estimate the potential contribution of items to SME, I provided participants a fixed set of items during encoding, which allowed me to …
Let-7 Mirnas Program The Fate Of Cd8 T Cells, Alexandria Wells
Let-7 Mirnas Program The Fate Of Cd8 T Cells, Alexandria Wells
Doctoral Dissertations
CD8 T cells are the cytotoxic effectors of the adaptive immune response, clearing virally infected and cancerous cells within the host. CD8 T cells acquire their cytotoxic function by differentiating into cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Once the CTLs have cleared the antigen, the majority of responding cells will die during contraction; however, a small population of the antigen-specific responders will remain, differentiating into long-lived memory cells that provide potent protection to the host upon re-encounter with the antigen. These differentiation programs often become disturbed in cases of chronic infection and cancer. Instead, CD8 T cells are subverted into the so-called …
Investigating The Role Of Atrx In Glutamatergic Hippocampal Neurons, Renee Tamming
Investigating The Role Of Atrx In Glutamatergic Hippocampal Neurons, Renee Tamming
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Mutations in ATRX, a Snf2-type chromatin remodeler, frequently lead to intellectual disability. However, the function of ATRX within the brain in cognition and synaptic transmission are incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ATRX in the adult mouse brain. While complete loss of ATRX in the embryonic mouse brain results in perinatal lethality, mosaic expression of ATRX stunted growth and perturbed circulating IGF-1 levels. Mosaic expression of ATRX also impaired adult cognition, specifically recognition memory and spatial learning and memory. However, there were confounding factors that led me to a new model in …
Investigating The Effects Of Intrahippocampal Glucose Administration On Spatial Working Memory In Rats, Jeremy Carter
Investigating The Effects Of Intrahippocampal Glucose Administration On Spatial Working Memory In Rats, Jeremy Carter
Biological Sciences
Insulin is a peptide hormone released by beta pancreatic cells . Insulin’s best-known function is to regulate absorption of glucose into peripheral tissue: this occurs via activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling cascade and subsequent translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) to the cell surface. This canonical peripheral insulin signaling pathway appears to exist in essentially identical form within the central nervous system (CNS), so that insulin promotes entry of glucose into neural cells and subsequent increased metabolism. In order to maintain proper function, insulin-responsive hippocampal neurons and glia require glucose metabolism; a catabolic energy-yielding process that requires insulin …
Interhemispheric Communication And Lateralization In The Mouse Hippocampus, Jake Jordan
Interhemispheric Communication And Lateralization In The Mouse Hippocampus, Jake Jordan
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
The hippocampus is essential for memory and spatial navigation. Many theories have been proposed to explain how the hippocampus contributes to cognition; however, none has fully explained relevant neurophysiological and behavioral data. Hemispheric lateralization of hippocampal function has been reported in humans and in rodents, and lateralization of hippocampal neural circuitry has been reported in rodents. Most theories of hippocampal function fail to consider the hippocampus as a bilateral structure with hemispheric differences. Further, proposed theories of hippocampal lateralization have their own limitations in explaining empirical data concerning left/right function. Little is known about communication between the hippocampi across hemispheres. …
Effect Of Atrx Inactivation On Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity In Mice, Radu Gugustea
Effect Of Atrx Inactivation On Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity In Mice, Radu Gugustea
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The ATRX gene encodes an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factor and gene mutations cause developmental defects and intellectual disability. Conditional ablation of Atrx in mouse postnatal forebrain excitatory neurons (ATRX-KO) leads to spatial learning and memory impairments. Thus, we hypothesized that hippocampal synaptic transmission and plasticity are disrupted in ATRX-KO mice. Long-term potentiation (LTP), a cellular correlate of memory, and input-output relation of paired-pulse responses were studied in urethane-anesthetized mice in vivo. Theta-burst stimulation (TBS) of stratum oriens induced robust basal dendritic LTP in CA1 of both ATRX-KO and control mice, while paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) during baseline was lower in ATRX-KO …
Measuring The Effects Of Acculturation On Different Types Of Memory In Spanish Speaker, Laura Cadavid
Measuring The Effects Of Acculturation On Different Types Of Memory In Spanish Speaker, Laura Cadavid
Senior Theses and Projects
Studies show that minorities are more likely to be misdiagnosed as neuropsychologically impaired than non-Hispanic whites due to artificially depressed neuropsychological test scores (Arentoft et al., 2012). One aspect to consider as a possible factor is acculturation (Arentoft et al., 2012). Acculturation is the process of psychological and behavioral changes that occur due to prolonged contact with another culture (Zea et al., 2003). Previous studies have found acculturation into U.S (dominant) culture is correlated with better neuropsychological performance on a variety of neuropsychological realms, such as information processing (Razani et al., 2007) and working memory (Coffey et al., 2005). Latinxs …
The Role Of H3k4 Methyltransferases In Drosophila Memory, Nicholas Raun
The Role Of H3k4 Methyltransferases In Drosophila Memory, Nicholas Raun
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Gene transcription required for long-term memory requires the modification of histones. However, there are still many uncertainties about the identity and spatial expression of genes regulated by histone modifications during memory related processes. In this project I examined the role of Drosophila melanogaster methyltransferases Set1 and trx in courtship memory. Genetic knockdown of Set1 and trx in the mushroom body (MB) revealed that Set1 was necessary for short- and long-term memory, while trx was only required for long-term memory. Transcriptional profiling of MBs following trx-knockdown revealed expression changes in MB-enriched genes and genes involved in RNA processing. Among the …
Behavioral And Molecular Analysis Of Memory In The Dwarf Cuttlefish, Jessica M. Bowers
Behavioral And Molecular Analysis Of Memory In The Dwarf Cuttlefish, Jessica M. Bowers
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Complex memory has evolved because it benefits animals in all areas of life, such as remembering the location of food or conspecifics, and learning to avoid dangerous stimuli. Advances made by studying relatively simple nervous systems, such as those in gastropod mollusks, can now be used to study mechanisms of memory in more complex systems. Cephalopods offer a unique opportunity to study the mechanisms of memory in a complex invertebrates. The dwarf cuttlefish, Sepia bandensis, is a useful memory model because its fast development and small size allows it to be reared and tested in large numbers. However, primary literature …