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Cinemicrography Of Selected Parasites Of Fishes And Of Free-Living Stages Of Haemonchus Contortus, Stephen Homer Hilton

Theses and Dissertations

Two 16 mm color films were made to help fill a general need for instructional motion pictures in the area of Parasitology. One film "Haemonchus contortus, a Sheep Stomach Worm," deals with a nematode parasite of sheep, showing all stages of its external development and including a time-lapse sequence of the embryonation of the egg. The other film, "Some Parasites of Freshwater Fishes," shows six parasites; Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Cotylurus erraticus, Dactylogyrus sp., Lernaea cyprinacea, Trichodina sp., and Diplostomum spathaceum for the first time in motion pictures. The films were photographed through a Wild dissecting scope and a Reichert Universal Camera …

Role Of Melatonin In Hibernation And Isolated Heart Activity, Dennis L. Palmer

Biology ETDs

Melatonin functions in the control of melanophore pigmentation of amphibians but its role in higher vertebrates is ill-defined. In mammals melatonin is produced within the pineal gland, where its formation is light dependent. This study consisted of three experiments: (i) a biological assay of commercial preparations of melatonin; (ii) response of hibernating ground squirrels exposed to cold and melatonin; (iii) response of isolated hearts to melatonin. Commercial preparations of melatonin were compared for their biological effectiveness by measuring the inhibition of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in laboratory mice. Unilateral ovariectomy results in hypertrophy of the intact ovary of untreated mice. Unilaterally …

Comparative Foraging Behavior Of The Olive Warbler And Its Possible Competitors, Robert J. Secatore

Biology ETDs

The foraging activities of the Olive Warbler (Peucedramus taeniatus) and three other foliage-gleaning species were studied in the Chiricahua Mountains of southeastern Arizona during the summer of 1973. Grace's Warblers (Dendroica graciae), the most specialized of the four species, foraged most similarly to Peucedramus and is probably the latter is strongest potential competitor during the breeding season. The small size of D. graciae appeared to facilitate foraging in pine foliage and may be an important factor in promoting ecological segregation from the Olive Warbler. Audubon's Warblers (D. coronata) and Pygmy Nuthatches (Sitta pygmaea) were more generalized in their feeding activities …

Ozonation Of Secondary Effluent For Color Removal, Michael Patton

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of various ozone concentrations when applied to secondary kraft effluent in regards to color removal. The influence of effluent temperature upon the color removal capabilities of ozone was also investigated to determine the optimal ozone reaction temperature or the temperature which would result in the greatest color reduction at a given ozone concentration.

The study was conducted by injecting ozone at three different concentrations of 20, 30 and 40 mg/liter into a temperature controlled column of secondary kraft effluent obtained from S.D. Warren Company in Muskegon, Michigan. The temperature was …

Food Preference Influences On Meal Selections Of High School Students At Central High School, Knoxville, Tennessee, Robbie Fowler Needham

Masters Theses

For the purpose of this research it was hypothesized that teenagers use food preferences when making meal selections. The sample included all students attending six sections of the study hall at Central High School, Knoxville, Tennessee. Three hundred and ten pairs of usable questionnaires were obtained and both sexes from each of the three grades (10, 11, and 12) were represented.

A questionnaire containing both definitions and menu choices for three days was administered two weeks prior to the service of their meals. Students were asked to indicate their meal preference and to describe food items listed. The questionnaire was …

Aspects Of Habitat Selection In Grassland Birds, Keith Graham Harrison

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Effect Of "Stressors" On Corticosteroid-Binding Globulin Activity In The Rat During Pregnancy, Muhammad Nasir Hussain

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Of Alcohol Consumption In Rats To Morphine And Codeine Intake And The Metabolism Of Dopamine, Hsiu Fen Liu

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The effects of morphine and codeine free-choice alcohol consumption in male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. Intakes of a 10% alcohol solution in milliliters per 100 gm. of body weight were on recorded weekly. No difference was found in the alcohol intake of rats given either a morphine-supplemented diet (0.01% of the diet) or daily injection of morphine sulfate (2 mg./kg.); however, there was a significant lower intake of water (p < .05) in those rats fed the diet with morphine. Total fluid consumption of both groups given the morphine-supplemented diet and daily injection of morphine sulfate was decreased (p < .05). It was found that morphine did not affect the percentage of total fluid consumed as alcohol or the weight gain.

Two levels of codeine phosphate (10 mg./kg. and 20 mg./kg.) were injected subcutaneously into rats twice a day. It was observed that the codeine significantly decreased alcohol intake in rats …

Toxoplasma Antibodies In Wild And Domiciled Animals From Arizona, Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, And The Philippines., Alan A. Marchiondo

Biology ETDs

Using the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test, sera from wild and domestic animals in Arizona, Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Peru, and the Philippines were tested for the prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. The incidence of Toxoplasma in all animals from these areas was: Arizona (19.6%, 11 of 56), Colorado (28.6%, 2 of 7), Montana (41.7%, 73 of 175), New Mexico (31.3%, 178 of 569), Peru (0%, 0 of 3), and the Philip­pines (33.8%, 48 of 142). The overall prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma was 32.7% (312 of 952).

Nine fecal samples from wild felines contained Toxoplasma like oocysts which were experimentally …

Reproductive Status Of Alligator Juniper In Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico, Graham A. Mark

Biology ETDs

The primary object of this study was to determine the reproductive status of Juniperus deppeana Steud. In Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico. Due to the apparent scarcity of seedlings and young trees, eventual local extinction seemed likely.

Information about the population—its distributions in space and time, its fecundity and mortality rates—was gathered in the Monument. This, together with reported demographic traits of Juniperus spp., indicates that reproduction has indeed recently declined. However, due to the longevity of its members, the population could withstand at least a century of no reproduction before becoming seriously endangered.

Since reproduction has been generally poor …

Food Use Of Wild Plants By Cherokee Indians, Myra Jean Perry

Masters Theses

Wild plants have long been a component of the diet of the Cherokee Indians. In this study, traditional knowledge of edible wild plants as a food source has been shown to exist in present day Cherokee society and the use of and beliefs about wild plants and other natural resource foods have been documented from accounts on the historic Cherokee.

It was noted that knowledge of wild plants may be passed from one generation to another by word of mouth. Attitudeds and beliefs toward teh consumption of wild plants affected the use of this knowledge.

The active collection of data …

Food Use Of "Wild" Plants By Cherokee Indians, Myra Jean Perry

Masters Theses

Wild plants have long been a component of the diet of the Cherokee Indians. In this study, traditional knowledge of edible wild plants as a food source has been shown to exist in present day Cherokee society and the use of and beliefs about wild plants and other natural resource foods have been documented from accounts on the historic Cherokee.

It was noted that knowledge of wild plants may be passed from one person or generation to another by word of mouth. Attitudes and beliefs toward the consumption of wild plants affected the use of this knowledge.

The active collection …

Activity Of A Dipodomys Ordii Population Using Recapture Methods, James R. Garcia

Theses and Dissertations

Activity curves for Dipodomys ordii were developed from data obtained from a study utilizing an electrically monitored trapping grid. The curves for non-perturbated populations showed an initial post-dusk peak, followed by increasing activity and a large pre-dawn peak; but after ten dominant animals had been removed, the largest activity peak was post-dusk. Differences in activity patterns were not found among sex, age or reproductive classes. Rising ambient temperatures, falling barometric pressures, winds over 3.2 km/hr and the absence of the moon depressed capture numbers; while increasing humidity (relative and absolute), decreasing soil temperatures at 20 and 40 cm below ground …

The Effects Of Highway Construction On The Fish Populations In The Weber River Near Henefer, Summit County, Utah, Edward James Peters

Theses and Dissertations

Alterations of streams to facilitate highway construction and consumptive water use has become a fisheries management problem. To evaluate the effects of channeling concomitant to construction of Interstate 80 N. near Henefer, Utah, altered and unaltered sections of the Weber River were compared on the basis of fishes censused, population estimates and ordinations. Species compositions in particular areas were influenced by local rheologic conditions. Changes in species composition between samplings at a particular area were caused by fish movements. Data from altered sections, rehabilitated with deflectors and checkdams, were not noticeably different than data from unaltered areas. However, fish movements …

Studies On The Structural Polypeptides Of Bacteriophage N1, Jeffry J. Leary

Biology ETDs

The structural proteins of Micrococcus lysodeikticus bacteriophage N1 were studied by SDS-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Electrophoretic analysis of highly purified virions revealed that N1 phage is composed of six structural polypeptides which were designated VP1 through VP6. Molecular weights of the virion polypeptides were estimated to be 103,000 (VP1), 76,000 (VP2), 66,000 (VP3), 51,000 (VP4), 26,000 (VP5), and 16,750 (VP6) daltons. Quantitative analysis of electropherograms of N1 indicated that VP4, VPS, and VP6 are major components of the virion representing 46%, 29%, and 19% of the weight of the virion protein, respectively. The three minor polypeptides VP1, VP2, and VP3 …

A Study Of Rna Bacteriophage 7s Infection Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Deanne Benson

Dissertations and Theses

A study was conducted to find the effect of magnesium, calcium, manganese and zinc ions on the infection of Psudomonas aeruginosa strain 1C by RNA bacteriophage 7s. When an 18 hour progeny experiment was performed, it was found that magnesium, calcium and manganese had different effects on bacteriophage production and was dependent on the bacterial growth conditions. RNA bacteriophage 7s progeny production was significantly enhanced by the addition of magnesium to cultures of Psudomonas aeruginosa 1C grown in a magnesium deficient medium. Under these environmental conditions there was a slight increase in progeny in the presence of calcium. When Psudomonas …

The Genus Hedysarum In North America, Terry Edwin Northstrom

Theses and Dissertations

In North America, Hedysarum taxa extend from southern Arizona to Banks Island and from northern Alaska to Newfoundland. They exhibit a high degree of polymorphism which is usually expressed in the form of a gradient in morphological characteristics. Four species, one subspecies and four varieties are recognized, including one new combination, H. boreale ssp. boreale var. rivulare (Williams) Northstrom. Comparative anatomical and morphological studies revealed two basic patterns. Chromosome numbers of all taxa were determined. The basic chromosome number of H. alpinum, H. sulphurescens and H. occidentale is n=7. The basic chromosome number of H. boreale is n=8. Seed protein …

The Population Dynamics Of Tanypus Stellatus Coquillett (Diptera: Chironomidae) In Goshen Bay Of Utah Lake, Dennis Kenji Shiozawa

Theses and Dissertations

The population dynamics of Tanypus stellatus in Goshen Bay of Utah Lake was investigated from July 18, 1973, to August 5, 1974. Samples were collected from three stations with an Ekman grab and a K-B corer. The samples were washed in a 110 micron nitex screen and then floated in a sucrose solution. The K-B core was used to determine the vertical distribution of Tanypus stellatus. Ninety-six percent of the Tanypus stellatus larvae are located in the top five centimeters; 99 percent are less than ten centimeters deep. The Ekman grab was used to study the population dynamics of the …

A Revision Of The Astragalus Lentiginosus Complex For The State Of Utah, Carol Susan Schoener

Theses and Dissertations

The taxonomy and distribution of the Astragalus lentiginosus complex in Utah is presented. The nine varieties are listed and a key is provided which allows determination of the members of the complex in Utah. Each entity is discussed and illustrated. Two distribtuion maps are included for each variety, one showing the distribution in Utah and the other, the general range of the entity. The body of this work is based on the study of herbarium specimens and field observations and collection. These studies have resulted in the synonymizing of two varieties, the inclusion of another and one nomenclatural change.

Biology Of Northern Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus Leucocephalus Alascanus) On Amchitka Island, Alaska, Steven K. Sherrod

Theses and Dissertations

Bald Eagles on Amchitka Island, Alaska, were studied from 1969-1972. From 1970-1972 the population averaged 214.6 eagles. The average ration was 66% adults to 34% subadults. The eagles move to and from the island in relation to significant food sources (especially the garbage dump). An increase in active nests occurred from 1969-1972 due to an increase in food. The average percentage of nests containing young from 1970-1972 was 71.28%. During these three years, the average number of young known in a nest per nesting attempt was 1.24, and the average number of young known in a nest per nest containing …

Eutamias Minimus And E. Amoenus: Morphological Cluster Analysis, Sandra Elaine Anderson

Dissertations and Theses

Cluster analysis of a large body of data on 180 Oregon specimens of Eutamias minimus and E. amoenus suggest that overall length of skull, basal length of skull and length of palate are taxonomically critical. If their sum is less than 71.3 millimeters the animal is E. minimus. If the sum is greater than 72.7 millimeters the animal is E. amoenus. If the sum is between 71.3 and 72.7 millimeters, other factors must be considered before the animal can be identified. Of the 180 specimens, there were 60 E. minimus, 114 E. amoenus, 2 hybrids, 2 …

Enzyme Reactions Using Ureidosuccinate As A Substrate During Pyrimidine Biosynthesis And Degradation In Cl. Oroticum, Penny Amy

Dissertations and Theses

Cells of Clostridium oroticum, an anaerobic bacterium, were grown on orotate as a carbon and energy source. Ureidosuccinase, an inducible enzyme in the pathway for pyrimidine degradation has been shown to convert ureidosuccinate to aspartate, CO₂ and NH₃ as reported by Liebenmm and Kornberg (7). Aspartate and CO₂ were formed in approximately a 1:1 ratio from ureidosuccinase activity.

Ureidosuccinase was found to be a Mn+² requiring enzyme with a pH optimum of approximately pH 6.5. Enzyme activity is labile to O₂, temperature, pH, dilution and high ionic strength. The optimum conditions for storage …

The Spatial Distribution Of The Nests Of The Black-Crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax Nycticorax) And The Snowy Egret (Leucophoyx Thula) In Central Utah, Randall S. Isham

Theses and Dissertations

Nests of the Black-crowned Night Heron and the Snowy Egret were examined in five central Utah colonies in 1973 to determine the spatial distribution within the colony. Nest locations of the 1085 nests of the two species were plotted to the nearest foot with an alidade and plane table. Tests of randomness, clump size, association, segregation, and T distribution were utilized. No differences between species were noted for the distance to the nearest and the next nearest nest. The Night Heron nested closer to other Night Herons and more often than did the Snowy Egret which non-significantly selected either species …

Influence Of Diet And Feed Restriction On Kidney Function In Aging Male Rats, Sarah May Tucker

Doctoral Dissertations

The influence of diet and feed restriction on kidney function was studied in aging male albino rats. Rats were fed either a commercial feed (LB) or a modified human diet (MHD) from weaning until sacrifice at either 12 or 24 months of age. Animals sacrificed at 12 months of age were either restricted or fed LB ad libitum from 1 month of age until sacrifice. Animals fed LB and sacrificed at 24 months of age were restricted for one of the following intervals: A, no restriction; R, restriction from 1 month to 12 months; AR, restriction from 12 to 24 …

Lightning Fires In Southern Appalachian Forests, Lawrence Samuel Barden

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to describe characteristics of lightning fires, including frequency, size, season and severity, and to determine their effects on the composition of pine-hardwood stands in the Appalachian Mountains of Tennessee and North Carolina.

An analysis of fire reports from Great Smoky Mountains National Park and from Cherokee, Nantahala and Pisgah National Forests, an area of 800,000 ha, shows that during 1960-1971 there was an average of six lightning fires per year per 400,000 ha (one million acres). The median size of lightning fires was 0.8 ha and the largest 33 ha. More than 90 percent …

Circadian Rhythm In Dugesia Tigrina And Its Correlation With Regeneration, Mary Michael Brandt

Theses & Dissertations

Plant and animal rhythms have caught the attention of astute observers throughout history, but it was not until the eighteenth century that research in the area really began. Of the many rhythms we casually observe in the creatures around us, the most familiar is the daily rhythm of activity and rest. Ordinarily, the cues of daylight and darkness help to keep plants and animals synchronized with the environment. But neither honeybees, plants, nor man depend entirely upon such cues—all will show their "time sense" even when isolated from the outside world in a deep mine, cavern, or similar situation. In …

Accumulative Coliform Population In A Five-Mile Section Of The Cibolo Creek, Norman Merrill Brown

Theses & Dissertations

A study of the accumulative coliform population in a five-mile section of Cibolo Creek near Schertz, Texas.

The greatest danger associated with water is that it may recently have been contaminated by sewage or by human excrement. Therefore, the protection of public water supplies from intestinal contamination is a necessary obligation of the public health authorities. If there happens to be a break in the protective chain (adequate treatment, disinfection, and protection of water supply), a chance exposure to fecal contamination could trigger an explosive outbreak of disease within a community. Modern technology and more sophisticated bacteriological methods have made …

Discharge Responses Of The Nematocysts Of The Stinging Nettle Chrysaora Quinquecirrha To External Stimuli, Christa Merz Hubbard

Master's Theses

Chrysaora quinquecirrha nematocysts and isolated in suspension were systematically exposed to a wide range of chemical and mechanical stimuli to determine which ones would initiate discharge.

Nematocysts in situ were found to be highly responsive to stimuli and showed well-marked, immediate discharge when treated with acid, base and electrical stimuli. Slight discharge occurred with salt solutions, beef extract, beef extract and contact, human hair and change in temperature.

Discharge increased with the concentration of the reagent or the strength of the mechanical stimuli. A significant increase in discharge occurred in isolated nematocysts treated with HCl, acetic acid and sodium hydroxide. …

The Bactericidal Activity Of Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Before And After The Ingestion Of Glucose, Carolyn Ann Corder

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The bactericidal test has been used to determine whether the consumption of concentrated carbohydrate affects the ability of human leukocytes to destroy bacteria. Subjects were given a dose of 100 grams of glucose. Two hours later a blood sample was drawn and incubated with Staphylococcus epidermidis for 120 minutes. There was no significant difference in the bactericidal activity of leukocytes of blood two hours following the ingestion of glucose from the bactericidal activity of fasting blood. A count done simultaneously with the bactericidal tests of the average number of single cocci engulfed per polymorphonuclear leukocyte showed a slightly lower phagocytic …

Biological Studies On Cryptobia Atraria Sp.N. (Kinetoplastida: Cryptobiidae) In Fishes From The Sevier River Drainage, Utah, J. Stephen Cranney

Theses and Dissertations

Fish culture for both food and sport utilization has been greatly increasing throughout the world. The editor of Fish Farming Industries (1973) predicted an increase by 1977 in the United States of 83% for catfish producers, 49% for trout farmers, and 91% for bait dealers. Concomitant with the renewed interest in fish culture has been a corresponding need to further understand fish diseases.