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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
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An Evaluation Of Co-Culture Parameters Effecting Antibiotic Production In Soil Microbes, Rebecca Lindow
An Evaluation Of Co-Culture Parameters Effecting Antibiotic Production In Soil Microbes, Rebecca Lindow
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
The rise of infections caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria, compounded by a reduction in antibiotic discovery and development, jeopardizes human health. Historically, antibiotics derive from secondary metabolites produced by soil microbes in pure culture, but recent genetic evidence suggests that microbes can produce more secondary metabolites than are currently observed. The modified crowded plate technique directly identifies antibiotic-producing soil microbes that were co-plated with a target pathogen. Here, this technique was refined by testing the effect of a D-alanine auxotrophic target pathogen rather than a prototrophic pathogen as well as investigating conditions most conducive to antibiotic production. Antibiotic producing conditions …
Comparison Of Nutrition Education Approaches On Fruit And Vegetable Intake In Older Adults, Noelle R. Blasch
Comparison Of Nutrition Education Approaches On Fruit And Vegetable Intake In Older Adults, Noelle R. Blasch
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Most Americans do not consume recommended intakes of fruits and vegetables (F/Vs). Hands-on nutrition education applies social cognitive theory as participants practice preparing F/Vs. This study compared a four-week hands-on nutrition education program (L+HO) with lecture only (L) in older adults with assessments at baseline and weeks four and eight. Twenty-three women over the age of 50 participated in either four, 90-minute weekly L+HO classes (n = 14) or four, 40-minute weekly L nutrition education classes (n = 9). Vegetable intake significantly increased at four weeks compared to baseline for both intervention groups. Vegetable intake increased at eight weeks compared …
The Effects Of Light Level And Temperature On Freshwater Microbial Biomass, Production, Enzyme Activity, And Community Composition, Joel Bonney
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Algae can stimulate the production of heterotrophic microbes in periphyton communities, but the synergistic effects of light and temperature on this phenomenon are not well understood and have implications on carbon cycling and energy flow. We employed recirculating mesocosms held at different temperatures and light levels and filled with Typha litter and attached microbes to assess these effects. Heterotrophic microbial production was greater in the presence of light, as were some periphytic enzyme activities. Few response variables increased in a near-linear fashion with ascending temperature, suggesting different temperature optima. The strength of heterotrophic microbial production responses to algal photosynthesis did …
The Effects Of Low-Level Pharmaceuticals On Stream Biofilm Structure And Function Across A Land-Use Gradient In Streams Of The Huron River Watershed, Elizabeth Mae Stover
The Effects Of Low-Level Pharmaceuticals On Stream Biofilm Structure And Function Across A Land-Use Gradient In Streams Of The Huron River Watershed, Elizabeth Mae Stover
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are a contaminant class of worldwide concern. Their environmental omnipresence indicates they may be a potential source of global change, and ecosystem-scale impacts at non-lethal levels have not been fully explored. We used stream biofilms to assess ecosystem responses to PPCPs. Biofilms were cultivated in streams draining areas of different land use and then exposed to triclosan, diphenhydramine, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim treatments. We found evidence that low levels of these PPCPs affected some, but not all, aspects of biofilm processes and bacterial community composition. Bacterial carbon uptake was reduced (p = 0.06) and we found …
Accuracy Of Predicted Energy Expenditure From A Fitbit Inspire Hr Activity Monitor During Short- And Long-Duration Exercise, Cailyn Van Camp
Accuracy Of Predicted Energy Expenditure From A Fitbit Inspire Hr Activity Monitor During Short- And Long-Duration Exercise, Cailyn Van Camp
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
PURPOSE: To determine the accuracy of predicted Energy Expenditure (EE) reported by a wrist-worn activity monitor compared to measured EE during both a long- and short-duration exercise. METHODS: In addition to a VO2max treadmill test, a running speed at approximately 70 - 75% of that VO2max was found during the first visit. The second and third visit was comprised of either a 30-minute or 10-minute run at the speed previously determined. A wrist activity monitor was worn and VO2 and EE were recorded by a metabolic cart. Pearson correlation, paired samples t-test, and repeated measures ANOVAs compared predicted …
Temporal Changes In Unisexual And Sexual Ambystoma Salamander Populations In Southeast Michigan, Kelsey B. Mitchell
Temporal Changes In Unisexual And Sexual Ambystoma Salamander Populations In Southeast Michigan, Kelsey B. Mitchell
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Climate change drives changes in organisms’ geographic ranges that can lead to shifts in population structure. Unisexual (all female) Ambystoma salamanders reproduce via kleptogenesis, resulting in ploidy-variable offspring. I analyzed genetic data of historic and modern-day unisexual and A. laterale samples from the University of Michigan’s E. S. George Reserve using epidermal cell nuclei measurements and microsatellite loci. I found that population composition has shifted away from the more northern-distributed A. laterale and toward populations dominated by unisexuals in five out of six ponds. There was a significant relationship between the proportion of A. laterale to unisexuals and pond size …
Oxygen, Ph, And Labile Organic Carbon As Possible Mechanisms For Algal Stimulation Of Bacterial And Fungal Production In Periphyton, Jennifer Nichole Harper
Oxygen, Ph, And Labile Organic Carbon As Possible Mechanisms For Algal Stimulation Of Bacterial And Fungal Production In Periphyton, Jennifer Nichole Harper
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Algal photosynthesis can stimulate production of associated microbial heterotrophs; however,the mechanisms for this stimulation remain unknown. I incubated submerged Typha domingensis leaf litter in greenhouse mesocosms under low- and high-nutrient regimes and conducted microbial production assays after 79/80 (week 11) or 128/129 (week 18) days of colonization. I manipulated environmental factors (oxygen, pH, and labile organic carbon) affected by algal photosynthesis to test the hypothesis that one or more of these factors stimulates heterotrophic microbial production. In the low-nutrient treatments, bacterial production was increased by glucose addition during week 11 (p < 0.001) and by photosynthesis during week 18 (p < 0.05). Fungal production was stimulated by photosynthesis in the high-nutrient treatments during weeks 11 (p < 0.001) and 18 (p < 0.01) and by glucose during week 11 (p < 0.05). These results confirm that algal photosynthesis can increase heterotrophic microbial production and suggest that photosynthetic labile organic carbon (LOC) could be a stimulatory mechanism.
Evaluating The Role Of Exo1p In Chromosome Breaks At Fs2 In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Gillian Autterson
Evaluating The Role Of Exo1p In Chromosome Breaks At Fs2 In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Gillian Autterson
Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations
Exo1p is one enzyme that plays a role in the repair of breaks in DNA caused by a variety of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In this study, we hypothesized the following: (1) Lack of Exo1p will cause an increase in de novo telomere addition at DNA breaks, and (2) lack of the endonuclease Exo1p will lead to decreased fidelity of repair by homologous recombination at DNA breaks. A yeast model system was manipulated to induce replication stress, resulting in a break in DNA at fragile site FS2 on yeast chromosome III. The repair mechanism used was identified, and the resulting …