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Articles 1 - 30 of 41
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Loss Of Activity Mutations In Phospholipase C Zeta Abloishes Calcium Oscillatory Ability Of Human Recombinant Protein In Mouse Ooctyes, J. Kashir, C. Jones, H.C. Lee, K. Rietdork, D. Nikiforaki, C. Durrans, M. Ruas, S.T. Tee, B. Heindryckx, A. Galione, P. Desutter, Rafael Fissore, J. Parrington, K. Coward
Loss Of Activity Mutations In Phospholipase C Zeta Abloishes Calcium Oscillatory Ability Of Human Recombinant Protein In Mouse Ooctyes, J. Kashir, C. Jones, H.C. Lee, K. Rietdork, D. Nikiforaki, C. Durrans, M. Ruas, S.T. Tee, B. Heindryckx, A. Galione, P. Desutter, Rafael Fissore, J. Parrington, K. Coward
Rafael Fissore
BACKGROUND: Mammalian oocyte activation occurs via a series of intracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) oscillations thought to be induced by a sperm-specific phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ). There is now strong evidence to indicate that certain types of human male infertility are caused by failure of the sperm to activate the oocyte in an appropriate manner. Molecular analysis of the PLCζ gene of a male patient with oocyte activation deficiency has previously identified a point mutation causing a histidine to proline substitution at PLCζ residue 398 (PLCζ(H398P)), leading to abnormal Ca(2+) release profiles and reduced oocyte activation efficiency. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the …
Live Wires: Direct Extracellular Electron Exchange For Bioenergy And The Bioremediation Of Energy-Related Contamination, Derek Lovley
Live Wires: Direct Extracellular Electron Exchange For Bioenergy And The Bioremediation Of Energy-Related Contamination, Derek Lovley
Derek Lovley
Microorganisms that can form direct electrical connections with insoluble minerals, electrodes, or other microorganisms can play an important role in some traditional as well as novel bioenergy strategies and can be helpful in the remediation of environmental contamination resulting from the use of more traditional energy sources. The surprising discovery that microorganisms in the genus Geobacter are capable of forming highly conductive networks of filaments that transfer electrons along their length with organic metallic-like conductivity, rather than traditional molecule to molecule electron exchange, provides an explanation for the ability of Geobacter species to grow in subsurface environments with insoluble Fe(III) …
Arabidopsis And Tobacco Superman Regulate Hormone Signalling And Mediate Cell Proliferation And Differentiation, C. Nibau, V. S. Di Stilio, H. M. Wu, Alice Cheung
Arabidopsis And Tobacco Superman Regulate Hormone Signalling And Mediate Cell Proliferation And Differentiation, C. Nibau, V. S. Di Stilio, H. M. Wu, Alice Cheung
Alice Cheung
Arabidopsis thaliana superman (SUP) plays an important role during flower development by maintaining the boundary between stamens and carpels in the inner two whorls. It was proposed that SUP maintains this boundary by regulating cell proliferation in both whorls, as loss-of-function superman mutants produce more stamens at the expense of carpels. However, the cellular mechanism that underlies SUP function remains unknown. Here Arabidopsis or tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) SUP was overexpressed in tobacco plants to substantiate SUP's role as a regulator of cell proliferation and boundary definition and provide evidence that its biological role may be mediated via hormonal changes. It …
Obesogenic Family Types Identified Through Latent Profile Analysis, Brian Martinson, Gabriela Vazquezbenitez, Carrie Patnode, Mary Hearst, Nancy Sherwood, Emily Parker, John Sirard, Keryn Pasch, Leslie Lytle
Obesogenic Family Types Identified Through Latent Profile Analysis, Brian Martinson, Gabriela Vazquezbenitez, Carrie Patnode, Mary Hearst, Nancy Sherwood, Emily Parker, John Sirard, Keryn Pasch, Leslie Lytle
John Sirard
Background—Obesity may cluster in families due to shared physical and social environments. Purpose—This study aims to identify family typologies of obesity risk based on family environments. Methods—Using 2007–2008 data from 706 parent/youth dyads in Minnesota, we applied latent profile analysis and general linear models to evaluate associations between family typologies and body mass index (BMI) of youth and parents. Results—Three typologies described most families with 18.8% “Unenriched/Obesogenic,” 16.9% “Risky Consumer,” and 64.3% “Healthy Consumer/Salutogenic.” After adjustment for demographic and socioeconomic factors, parent BMI and youth BMI Z-scores were higher in unenriched/obesogenic families (BMI difference=2.7, p<0.01 and BMI Z-score difference=0.51, p<0.01, respectively) relative to the healthy consumer/salutogenic typology. In contrast, parent BMI and youth BMI Z-scores were similar in the risky consumer families relative to those in healthy consumer/salutogenic type. Conclusions—We can identify family types differing in obesity risks with implications for public health interventions.
Molecular Analysis Of The Metabolic Rates Of Discrete Subsurface Populations Of Sulfate Reducers, Marzia Miletto, Kenneth H. Williams, A. Lucie N'Guessan, Derek Lovley
Molecular Analysis Of The Metabolic Rates Of Discrete Subsurface Populations Of Sulfate Reducers, Marzia Miletto, Kenneth H. Williams, A. Lucie N'Guessan, Derek Lovley
Derek Lovley
Elucidating the in situ metabolic activity of phylogenetically diverse populations of sulfate-reducing microorganisms that populate anoxic sedimentary environments is key to understanding subsurface ecology. Previous pure culture studies have demonstrated that the transcript abundance of dissimilatory (bi)sulfite reductase genes is correlated with the sulfate-reducing activity of individual cells. To evaluate whether expression of these genes was diagnostic for subsurface communities, dissimilatory (bi)sulfite reductase gene transcript abundance in phylogenetically distinct sulfate-reducing populations was quantified during a field experiment in which acetate was added to uranium-contaminated groundwater. Analysis of dsrAB sequences prior to the addition of acetate indicated that Desulfobacteraceae, Desulfobulbaceae, and …
Calibrating A Novel Multi-Sensor Physical Activity Measurement System, D. John, S. Liu, J. Saski, C. Howe, J. Staudenmayer, R. Gao, Patty Freedson
Calibrating A Novel Multi-Sensor Physical Activity Measurement System, D. John, S. Liu, J. Saski, C. Howe, J. Staudenmayer, R. Gao, Patty Freedson
Patty S. Freedson
Advancing the field of physical activity (PA) monitoring requires the development of innovative multi-sensor measurement systems that are feasible in the free-living environment. The use of novel analytical techniques to combine and process these multiple sensor signals is equally important. This paper, describes a novel multi-sensor ‘Integrated PA Measurement System’ (IMS), the lab-based methodology used to calibrate the IMS, techniques used to predict multiple variables from the sensor signals, and proposes design changes to improve the feasibility of deploying the IMS in the free-living environment. The IMS consists of hip and wrist acceleration sensors, two piezoelectric respiration sensors on the …
Brachypodium As A Model For The Grasses: Today And The Future, Jelena Brkljacic, Erich Grotewold, Randy Scholl, Todd Mockler, David F. Garvin, Philippe Vain, Thomas Brutnell, Richard Sibout, Michael Bevan, Hikmet Budak, Ana L. Caicedo, Caixia Gao, Yong Gu, Samuel P. Hazen, Ben F. Holt Iii, Shin-Young Hong, Antonio J. Manzaneda, Thomas Mitchell-Olds, Keiichi Mochida, Luis A. J. Mur, Chung-Mo Park, John Sedbrook, Michelle Watt, Shao Jian Zheng, John P. Vogel
Brachypodium As A Model For The Grasses: Today And The Future, Jelena Brkljacic, Erich Grotewold, Randy Scholl, Todd Mockler, David F. Garvin, Philippe Vain, Thomas Brutnell, Richard Sibout, Michael Bevan, Hikmet Budak, Ana L. Caicedo, Caixia Gao, Yong Gu, Samuel P. Hazen, Ben F. Holt Iii, Shin-Young Hong, Antonio J. Manzaneda, Thomas Mitchell-Olds, Keiichi Mochida, Luis A. J. Mur, Chung-Mo Park, John Sedbrook, Michelle Watt, Shao Jian Zheng, John P. Vogel
Samuel P Hazen
No abstract provided.
Anaerobic Oxidation Of Benzene By The Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Ferroglobus Placidus, Derek Lovley, Dawn E. Holmes, Carla Risso, Jessica A. Smith
Anaerobic Oxidation Of Benzene By The Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Ferroglobus Placidus, Derek Lovley, Dawn E. Holmes, Carla Risso, Jessica A. Smith
Derek Lovley
Anaerobic benzene oxidation coupled to the reduction of Fe(III) was studied in Ferroglobus placidus in order to learn more about how such a stable molecule could be metabolized under strict anaerobic conditions. F. placidus conserved energy to support growth at 85°C in a medium with benzene provided as the sole electron donor and Fe(III) as the sole electron acceptor. The stoichiometry of benzene loss and Fe(III) reduction, as well as the conversion of [(14)C]benzene to [(14)C]carbon dioxide, was consistent with complete oxidation of benzene to carbon dioxide with electron transfer to Fe(III). Benzoate, but not phenol or toluene, accumulated at …
Potential For Direct Interspecies Electron Transfer In Methanogenic Wastewater Digester Aggregates, Masahiko Morita, Nikhil S. Malvankar, Ashley E. Franks, Zarath M. Summers, Ludovic Giloteaux, Amelia E. Rotaru, Camelia Rotaru, Derek Lovley
Potential For Direct Interspecies Electron Transfer In Methanogenic Wastewater Digester Aggregates, Masahiko Morita, Nikhil S. Malvankar, Ashley E. Franks, Zarath M. Summers, Ludovic Giloteaux, Amelia E. Rotaru, Camelia Rotaru, Derek Lovley
Derek Lovley
Mechanisms for electron transfer within microbial aggregates derived from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor converting brewery waste to methane were investigated in order to better understand the function of methanogenic consortia. The aggregates were electrically conductive, with conductivities 3-fold higher than the conductivities previously reported for dual-species aggregates of Geobacter species in which the two species appeared to exchange electrons via interspecies electron transfer. The temperature dependence response of the aggregate conductance was characteristic of the organic metallic-like conductance previously described for the conductive pili of Geobacter sulfurreducens and was inconsistent with electron conduction through minerals. Studies in which …
Comparative Genomics Yields Insights Into Niche Adaptation Of Plant Vascular Wilt Pathogens, Steven J. Klosterman, Krishna V. Subbarao, Seogchan Kang, Paola Veronese, Scott E. Gold, Bart P. H. J. Thomma, Zehua Chen, Bernard Henrissat, Yong-Hwan Lee, Jongsun Park, Dez J. Barbara, Maria D. Garcia-Pedrajas, Amy Anchieta, Ronnie De Jonge, Parthasarathy Santhanam, Karunakaran Maruthachalam, Zahi Atallah, Stefan G. Amyotte, Zahi Paz, Patrik Inderbitzin, Ryan J. Hayes, David I. Heiman, Sarah Young, Qiandong Zeng, Reinhard Engels, James Galagan, Christina A. Cuomo, Katherine F. Dobinson, Li-Jun Ma
Comparative Genomics Yields Insights Into Niche Adaptation Of Plant Vascular Wilt Pathogens, Steven J. Klosterman, Krishna V. Subbarao, Seogchan Kang, Paola Veronese, Scott E. Gold, Bart P. H. J. Thomma, Zehua Chen, Bernard Henrissat, Yong-Hwan Lee, Jongsun Park, Dez J. Barbara, Maria D. Garcia-Pedrajas, Amy Anchieta, Ronnie De Jonge, Parthasarathy Santhanam, Karunakaran Maruthachalam, Zahi Atallah, Stefan G. Amyotte, Zahi Paz, Patrik Inderbitzin, Ryan J. Hayes, David I. Heiman, Sarah Young, Qiandong Zeng, Reinhard Engels, James Galagan, Christina A. Cuomo, Katherine F. Dobinson, Li-Jun Ma
Li-Jun Ma
The vascular wilt fungi Verticillium dahliae and V. albo-atrum infect over 200 plant species, causing billions of dollars in annual crop losses. The characteristic wilt symptoms are a result of colonization and proliferation of the pathogens in the xylem vessels, which undergo fluctuations in osmolarity. To gain insights into the mechanisms that confer the organisms' pathogenicity and enable them to proliferate in the unique ecological niche of the plant vascular system, we sequenced the genomes of V. dahliae and V. albo-atrum and compared them to each other, and to the genome of Fusarium oxysporum, another fungal wilt pathogen. Our analyses …
A History Of Low Back Pain Associates With Altered Electromyographic Activation Patterns In Response To Perturbations Of Standing Balance, Jesse Jacobs, Sharon Henry, Stephanie Jones, Juvena Hitt, Janice Bunn
A History Of Low Back Pain Associates With Altered Electromyographic Activation Patterns In Response To Perturbations Of Standing Balance, Jesse Jacobs, Sharon Henry, Stephanie Jones, Juvena Hitt, Janice Bunn
Stephanie Jones
People with a history of low back pain (LBP) exhibit altered responses to postural perturbations, and the central neural control underlying these changes in postural responses remains unclear. To characterize more thoroughly the change in muscle activation patterns of people with LBP in response to a perturbation of standing balance, and to gain insight into the influence of early- vs. late-phase postural responses (differentiated by estimates of voluntary reaction times), this study evaluated the intermuscular patterns of electromyographic (EMG) activations from 24 people with and 21 people without a history of chronic, recurrent LBP in response to 12 directions of …
A Highway For War And Peace: The Secretory Pathway In Plant-Microbe Interactions, Dong Wang, X Dong
A Highway For War And Peace: The Secretory Pathway In Plant-Microbe Interactions, Dong Wang, X Dong
Dong Wang
Secretion of proteins and other molecules is the primary means by which a cell interacts with its surroundings. The overall organization of the secretory system is remarkably conserved among eukaryotes, and many of the components have been investigated in detail in animal models. Plant cells, because of their sessile lifestyle, are uniquely reliant on the secretory pathway to respond to changes in their environments, either abiotic, such as the absence of nutrients, or biotic, such as the presence of predators or pathogens. In particular, most plant pathogens are extracellular, which demands a robust and efficient host secretory system directed at …
T. Brucei Infection Reduces B Lymphopoiesis In Bone Marrow And Truncates Compensatory Splenic Lymphopoiesis Through Transitional B-Cell Apoptosis, Viki Bockstal, Patrick Guirnalda, Guy Caljon, Radhika Goenka, Janice T. Telfer, Deborah Frenkel, Magdalena Radwanska, Stefan Magez, Samuel J. Black
T. Brucei Infection Reduces B Lymphopoiesis In Bone Marrow And Truncates Compensatory Splenic Lymphopoiesis Through Transitional B-Cell Apoptosis, Viki Bockstal, Patrick Guirnalda, Guy Caljon, Radhika Goenka, Janice T. Telfer, Deborah Frenkel, Magdalena Radwanska, Stefan Magez, Samuel J. Black
Janice C. Telfer
African trypanosomes of the Trypanosoma brucei species are extracellular protozoan parasites that cause the deadly disease African trypanosomiasis in humans and contribute to the animal counterpart, Nagana. Trypanosome clearance from the bloodstream is mediated by antibodies specific for their Variant Surface Glycoprotein (VSG) coat antigens. However, T. brucei infection induces polyclonal B cell activation, B cell clonal exhaustion, sustained depletion of mature splenic Marginal Zone B (MZB) and Follicular B (FoB) cells, and destruction of the B-cell memory compartment. To determine how trypanosome infection compromises the humoral immune defense system we used a C57BL/6 T. brucei AnTat 1.1 mouse model …
Physical Activity And Sedentary Activity Patterns Among Children And Adolescents: A Latent Class Analysis Approach, Carrie Heitzler, Leslie Lytle, Darin Erickson, John Sirard, Daheia Barr-Anderson, Marry Story
Physical Activity And Sedentary Activity Patterns Among Children And Adolescents: A Latent Class Analysis Approach, Carrie Heitzler, Leslie Lytle, Darin Erickson, John Sirard, Daheia Barr-Anderson, Marry Story
John Sirard
Background—While much is known about the overall levels of physical activity and sedentary activity among youth, few studies have attempted to define clusters of such behaviors. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe unique classes of youth based on their participation in a variety of physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Methods—Latent class analysis was used to characterize segments of youth based on patterns of self-reported and accelerometer-measured participation in 12 behaviors. Children and adolescents (N=720) from 6th–11th grade were included in the analysis. Differences in class membership were examined using multinomial logistic regression. Results—Three distinct classes emerged …
Role Of The Extensin Superfamily In Primary Cell Wall Architecture, Derek T.A. Lamport, Marcia J. Kieliszewski, Yuning Chen, Maura Cannon
Role Of The Extensin Superfamily In Primary Cell Wall Architecture, Derek T.A. Lamport, Marcia J. Kieliszewski, Yuning Chen, Maura Cannon
Maura Cannon
No abstract provided.
Expression Of Human Amyloid Precursor Protein In The Skeletal Muscles Of Drosophila Results In Age- And Activity-Dependent Muscle Weakness, Lawrence M. Schwartz, Chul Kim, Sapeckshita Srivastava, Marian Rice, Tanja A. Godenschwege, Brooke Bentley, Saranya Ravi, Shuang Shao, Ig T. Woodard
Expression Of Human Amyloid Precursor Protein In The Skeletal Muscles Of Drosophila Results In Age- And Activity-Dependent Muscle Weakness, Lawrence M. Schwartz, Chul Kim, Sapeckshita Srivastava, Marian Rice, Tanja A. Godenschwege, Brooke Bentley, Saranya Ravi, Shuang Shao, Ig T. Woodard
Lawrence M. Schwartz
Background One of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease, and several other degenerative disorders such as Inclusion Body Myositis, is the abnormal accumulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its proteolytic amyloid peptides. To better understand the pathological consequences of inappropriate APP expression on developing tissues, we generated transgenic flies that express wild-type human APP in the skeletal muscles, and then performed anatomical, electrophysiological, and behavioral analysis of the adults. Results We observed that neither muscle development nor animal longevity was compromised in these transgenic animals. However, human APP expressing adults developed age-dependent defects in both climbing and flying. We could …
Rac/Rop Gtpases And Auxin Signaling, H. M. Wu, O. Hazak, Alice Cheung, S. Yalovsky
Rac/Rop Gtpases And Auxin Signaling, H. M. Wu, O. Hazak, Alice Cheung, S. Yalovsky
Alice Cheung
Auxin functions as a key morphogen in regulating plant growth and development. Studies on auxin-regulated gene expression and on the mechanism of polar auxin transport and its asymmetric distribution within tissues have provided the basis for realizing the molecular mechanisms underlying auxin function. In eukaryotes, members of the Ras and Rho subfamilies of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases function as molecular switches in many signaling cascades that regulate growth and development. Plants do not have Ras proteins, but they contain Rho-like small G proteins called RACs or ROPs that, like fungal and metazoan Rhos, are regulators of cell polarity …
Ca2+ Signaling During Mammalian Fertilization: Requirements, Players, And Adaptions, Rafael Fissore, T. Wakai, V. Vanderheyden
Ca2+ Signaling During Mammalian Fertilization: Requirements, Players, And Adaptions, Rafael Fissore, T. Wakai, V. Vanderheyden
Rafael Fissore
Changes in the intracellular concentration of calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) represent a vital signaling mechanism enabling communication among cells and between cells and the environment. The initiation of embryo development depends on a [Ca(2+)](i) increase(s) in the egg, which is generally induced during fertilization. The [Ca(2+)](i) increase signals egg activation, which is the first stage in embryo development, and that consist of biochemical and structural changes that transform eggs into zygotes. The spatiotemporal patterns of [Ca(2+)](i) at fertilization show variability, most likely reflecting adaptations to fertilizing conditions and to the duration of embryonic cell cycles. In mammals, the focus of this review, …
Regulation Of Solute Flux Through Plasmodesmata In The Root Meristem, Heidi L. Rutschow, Tobias Baskin, Eric M. Kramer
Regulation Of Solute Flux Through Plasmodesmata In The Root Meristem, Heidi L. Rutschow, Tobias Baskin, Eric M. Kramer
Tobias Baskin
Plasmodesmata permit solutes to move between cells nonspecifically and without having to cross a membrane. This symplastic connectivity, while straightforward to observe using fluorescent tracers, has proven difficult to quantify. We use fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, combined with a mathematical model of symplastic diffusion, to assay plasmodesmata-mediated permeability in the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root meristem in wild-type and transgenic lines, and under selected chemical treatments. The permeability measured for the wild type is nearly 10-times greater than previously reported. Plamodesmal permeability remains constant in seedlings treated with auxin (30 nm indoleacetic acid for 2 and 24 h; 100 nm indoleacetic …
Protein Folding In The Cell: Challenges And Progress, Anne Gershenson, Lial M. Gierasch
Protein Folding In The Cell: Challenges And Progress, Anne Gershenson, Lial M. Gierasch
Anne Gershenson
It is hard to imagine a more extreme contrast than that between the dilute solutions used for in vitro studies of protein folding and the crowded, compartmentalized, sticky, spatially inhomogeneous interior of a cell. This review highlights recent research exploring protein folding in the cell with a focus on issues that are generally not relevant to in vitro studies of protein folding, such as macromolecular crowding, hindered diffusion, co-translational folding, molecular chaperones, and evolutionary pressures. The technical obstacles that must be overcome to characterize protein folding in the cell are driving methodological advances, and we draw attention to several examples, …
Pollen Tubes Lacking A Pair Of K+ Transporters Fail To Target Ovules In Arabidopsis, Y. Lu, S. Chanroj, L. Zulkifli, M. A. Johnson, N. Uozumi, Alice Cheung, H. Sze
Pollen Tubes Lacking A Pair Of K+ Transporters Fail To Target Ovules In Arabidopsis, Y. Lu, S. Chanroj, L. Zulkifli, M. A. Johnson, N. Uozumi, Alice Cheung, H. Sze
Alice Cheung
Flowering plant reproduction requires precise delivery of the sperm cells to the ovule by a pollen tube. Guidance signals from female cells are being identified; however, how pollen responds to those cues is largely unknown. Here, we show that two predicted cation/proton exchangers (CHX) in Arabidopsis thaliana, CHX21 and CHX23, are essential for pollen tube guidance. Male fertility was unchanged in single chx21 or chx23 mutants. However, fertility was impaired in chx21 chx23 double mutant pollen. Wild-type pistils pollinated with a limited number of single and double mutant pollen producing 62% fewer seeds than those pollinated with chx23 single mutant …
Feasibility And Efficacy Of A Physical Activity Intervention Among Pregnant Women: The Behaviors Affecting Baby And You (B.A.B.Y.) Study, Lisa Chasan-Taber, Marushka Silveira, Bess Marcus, Barry Braun, Edward Stanek, Glenn Markenson
Feasibility And Efficacy Of A Physical Activity Intervention Among Pregnant Women: The Behaviors Affecting Baby And You (B.A.B.Y.) Study, Lisa Chasan-Taber, Marushka Silveira, Bess Marcus, Barry Braun, Edward Stanek, Glenn Markenson
Barry Braun
Background: Physical activity during pregnancy is associated with reduced risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. However, the majority of pregnant women are inactive and interventions designed to increase exercise during pregnancy are sparse. We evaluated the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an exercise intervention among a diverse sample of pregnant women. Methods: The B.A.B.Y. (Behaviors Affecting Baby and You) Study is conducted at a large tertiary care facility in Western Massachusetts. We randomized 110 prenatal care patients (60% Hispanic) to an individually tailored 12-week exercise intervention arm (n = 58) or to a health and wellness control arm (n …
Asymmetry In Chemical Structures And In Life: My Last Two Articles, Otto Vogl
Asymmetry In Chemical Structures And In Life: My Last Two Articles, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Segmental Isotopic Labeling Of The Hsp70 Molecular Chaperone Dnak Using Expressed Protein Ligation, Eugenia M. Clerico, Anastasia Zhuravleva, Robert G. Smock, Lila Gierasch
Segmental Isotopic Labeling Of The Hsp70 Molecular Chaperone Dnak Using Expressed Protein Ligation, Eugenia M. Clerico, Anastasia Zhuravleva, Robert G. Smock, Lila Gierasch
Lila Gierasch
Introducing biophysical labels into specific regions of large and dynamic multidomain proteins greatly facilitates mechanistic analysis. Ligation of expressed domains that are labeled in a desired manner before assembly of the intact molecular machine provides such a strategy. We have elaborated an experimental route using expressed protein ligation (EPL) to create an Hsp70 molecular chaperone (in this case the E. coli Hsp70, DnaK) where only one of the two constituent domains was labeled, in this case with NMR active isotopes, allowing visualization of the single domain in the context of the two domain protein. Several technical obstacles were overcome, including …
Development Of A Biomarker For Geobacter Activity And Strain Composition; Proteogenomic Analysis Of The Citrate Synthase Protein During Bioremediation Of U(Vi), Michael J. Wilkins, Stephen J. Callister, Marzia Miletto, Kenneth H. Williams, Carrie D. Nicora, Derek Lovley, Philip E. Long, Mary S. Lipton
Development Of A Biomarker For Geobacter Activity And Strain Composition; Proteogenomic Analysis Of The Citrate Synthase Protein During Bioremediation Of U(Vi), Michael J. Wilkins, Stephen J. Callister, Marzia Miletto, Kenneth H. Williams, Carrie D. Nicora, Derek Lovley, Philip E. Long, Mary S. Lipton
Derek Lovley
Monitoring the activity of target microorganisms during stimulated bioremediation is a key problem for the development of effective remediation strategies. At the US Department of Energy's Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC) site in Rifle, CO, the stimulation of Geobacter growth and activity via subsurface acetate addition leads to precipitation of U(VI) from groundwater as U(IV). Citrate synthase (gltA) is a key enzyme in Geobacter central metabolism that controls flux into the TCA cycle. Here, we utilize shotgun proteomic methods to demonstrate that the measurement of gltA peptides can be used to track Geobacter activity and strain evolution during in situ …
Center Of Umass – Industry Research On Polymers: Cumirp: Inception And Founding, Otto Vogl
Center Of Umass – Industry Research On Polymers: Cumirp: Inception And Founding, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Polymer Science And The Arts: Oriental Lacquer, Otto Vogl
Polymer Science And The Arts: Oriental Lacquer, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
The Sv40 Late Protein Vp4 Is A Viroporin That Forms Pores To Disrupt Membranes For Viral Release, Smita Raghava, Kristen M. Giorda, F. B. Romano, Alejandro P. Heuck, Daniel Hebert
The Sv40 Late Protein Vp4 Is A Viroporin That Forms Pores To Disrupt Membranes For Viral Release, Smita Raghava, Kristen M. Giorda, F. B. Romano, Alejandro P. Heuck, Daniel Hebert
Alejandro P. Heuck
Nonenveloped viruses are generally released by the timely lysis of the host cell by a poorly understood process. For the nonenveloped virus SV40, virions assemble in the nucleus and then must be released from the host cell without being encapsulated by cellular membranes. This process appears to involve the well-controlled insertion of viral proteins into host cellular membranes rendering them permeable to large molecules. VP4 is a newly identified SV40 gene product that is expressed at late times during the viral life cycle that corresponds to the time of cell lysis. To investigate the role of this late expressed protein …
Edible Nanoemulsions: Fabrication, Properties, And Functional Performance, D. Julian Mcclements
Edible Nanoemulsions: Fabrication, Properties, And Functional Performance, D. Julian Mcclements
D. Julian McClements
There is increasing interest within the food, beverage and pharmaceutical industries in utilizing edible nanoemulsions to encapsulate, protect and deliver lipophilic functional components, such as oil-soluble flavors, vitamins, preservatives, nutraceuticals, and drugs. There are a number of potential advantages of using nanoemulsions rather than conventional emulsions for this purpose: they can greatly increase the bioavailability of lipophilic substances; they scatter light weakly and so can be incorporated into optically transparent products; they can be used to modulate the product texture; and they have a high stability to particle aggregation and gravitational separation. On the other hand, there may also be …
Structured Biopolymer-Based Delivery Systems For Encapsulation, Protection, And Release Of Lipophilic Compounds, Alison Matalanis, Owen Griffith Jones, D. Julian Mcclements
Structured Biopolymer-Based Delivery Systems For Encapsulation, Protection, And Release Of Lipophilic Compounds, Alison Matalanis, Owen Griffith Jones, D. Julian Mcclements
D. Julian McClements
Food-grade biopolymers, such as proteins and polysaccharides, can be used to create a diverse range of delivery systems suitable for encapsulating, protecting, and delivering lipophilic functional components, such as ω-3 rich oils, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), oil-soluble vitamins, flavors, colors, and nutraceuticals. This article provides an overview of a number of different approaches that can be used to create structured delivery systems based on biopolymers, including molecular complexation, coacervation, thermodynamic incompatibility, moulding, and extrusion methods. These delivery systems can be produced from food-grade ingredients using simple processing operations (e.g., mixing, homogenizing, and thermal processing). The structure, production, performance, and potential …