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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
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Post-Injury Calcium Chelation Rescues Skeletal Muscle Regeneration In Mice, Matthew D. Magda
Post-Injury Calcium Chelation Rescues Skeletal Muscle Regeneration In Mice, Matthew D. Magda
Honors Scholar Theses
During aging the ability of skeletal muscle to regenerate after injury wanes until muscle integrity cannot be maintained. In this study it is shown that calcium chelation can restore young-like regenerative ability in an aged mouse model of skeletal muscle regeneration.
Dikar-Induced Synthetic Lethality In A Drosophila Model Of Cag Repeat Diseases Does Not Result From An Expression Feedback Loop, Daniel Camacho
Dikar-Induced Synthetic Lethality In A Drosophila Model Of Cag Repeat Diseases Does Not Result From An Expression Feedback Loop, Daniel Camacho
Honors Scholar Theses
Human CAG repeat diseases manifest themselves through the common pathology of neurodeneration. This pathological link is attributed to the property shared by all nine of these diseases: an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tract. The most evident result of polyQ expansion is protein aggregation, and it is believed that this phenomenon is partly responsible for conferring cytotoxic properties on the mutated protein. Apart from sequestering the mutated protein, cellular aggregates are able to incorporate native proteins via polyQ-mediated aggregation, thus disrupting important cellular pathways. Using Drosophila melanogaster as a disease model, researchers have been able to compile collections of these so-called disease …
Pharmacological Inhibition Of Histone Methyltransferase G9a Affects Expression Of Citron Kinase Target Genes In Neural Stem Cells, Nicholas Heliotis
Pharmacological Inhibition Of Histone Methyltransferase G9a Affects Expression Of Citron Kinase Target Genes In Neural Stem Cells, Nicholas Heliotis
Honors Scholar Theses
Regulated repression of gene expression by post-translational modification of histones is required for normal development. The histone methyltransferase G9a is essential for embryonic development, and we have shown that phosphorylation of G9a by the CitK, a gene required for normal CNS development, gates gene repression and dimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3K9me2) in neural progenitors. CitK and G9a co-localize to promoter regions of genes up-regulated in CitK null cells. CitK mutant progenitors lack H3K9me2 at promoter regions of up-regulated genes, and re-expression of CitK restores both repression of gene expression and H3K9me2 occupancy. In this thesis we examine …
Investigations In Enhancing The Reproducibility Of Implantable Amperometric Glucose Biosensors For Mass Production, Dipesh Manharbhai Patel
Investigations In Enhancing The Reproducibility Of Implantable Amperometric Glucose Biosensors For Mass Production, Dipesh Manharbhai Patel
Honors Scholar Theses
Implantable glucose sensors for Diabetes management should possess several attributes such as linearity, sensitivity, selectivity, long life time and should elicit no negative tissue response. Based on this, the UConn implantable glucose sensor team has developed a 5-layer sensor architecture that simultaneously affords the aforementioned requirements. However, the large scale production of these 5-layer sensors is inhibited by the lack of high sensor-to-sensor reproducibility. Herein, we investigate the origin of sensor-to-sensor irreproducibility and develop methodologies for large-scale fabrication of these devices.
The Effects Of Maternal Diet During Gestation On Postnatal Growth Of Lambs And On Metabolic Hormones In Lambs And Ewes, Amanda R. Fox
The Effects Of Maternal Diet During Gestation On Postnatal Growth Of Lambs And On Metabolic Hormones In Lambs And Ewes, Amanda R. Fox
Honors Scholar Theses
Fetal programming is defined as when a stimulus at a vital stage of development results in permanent effects that persist throughout the lifetime of the individual (Lucas, 1991). There is evidence that poor maternal diet, consisting of both undernutrition and overnutrition, during gestation has permanent negative effects on the growth and development of offspring through fetal programming. Fetal programming enhances the ability of the fetus to absorb and use nutrients while in-utero, ensuring postpartum survival (Hales and Barker, 1992). However, in a postnatal environment where nutrition is plentiful, fetal programming results in negative health consequences (Wu et al., 2006). We …
The Effect Of Landlocking On Intestinal Aquaporin 1 Expression In Alosa Pseudoharengus (Alewife), Emily Funk
The Effect Of Landlocking On Intestinal Aquaporin 1 Expression In Alosa Pseudoharengus (Alewife), Emily Funk
Honors Scholar Theses
To determine the role of intestinal aquaporin 1 (AQP1), a passive water absorption channel, in the evolution of osmoregulatory physiology, I examined the differential expression of intestinal AQP1 between anadromous and landlocked ecotype of alewife in response to seawater challenges. I cloned and sequenced AQP1 from intestinal tissue of the alewife, following which I quantified the relative expression of AQP1 in each ecotype using Real-Time qPCR. In response to an acute seawater (30ppt) challenge, the anadromous alewives showed an upregulation of intestinal AQP1, while the landlocked alewives did not show a significant increased in AQP1 expression. After …
In Vitro Characterization Of Avian Influenza Virus Isolates With A Truncated Ns1 Gene Segment, Aaron Dick
In Vitro Characterization Of Avian Influenza Virus Isolates With A Truncated Ns1 Gene Segment, Aaron Dick
Honors Scholar Theses
Avian Influenza Virus represents a significant threat to the world poultry population, and is a potential threat to humans due to the possibility of cross-species AIV infection. Our approach is to characterize a number of avian virus populations with respect to their content of biologically active particles that include hemagglutinating particles (HAP), plaque forming particles (PFP), interferon inducing particles (IFP), interferon induction-suppressing particles (ISP), defective-interfering particles (DIP), cell-killing particles (CKP) and non-infectious cell killing particles (niCKP) using unique in vitro assays developed for avian influenza virus in the Marcus-Sekellick Laboratory. Specifically, we will use a strain of Avian influenza virus, …
Effects Of Poor Maternal Nutrition On Gh, Igf-I, Igfbp-2 And -3, Insulin, And Leptin Concentrations In Pregnant Ewes, Michelle E. Forella
Effects Of Poor Maternal Nutrition On Gh, Igf-I, Igfbp-2 And -3, Insulin, And Leptin Concentrations In Pregnant Ewes, Michelle E. Forella
Honors Scholar Theses
Maternal hormones impact fetal growth and development through their effect on nutrient partitioning and placental development. Maternal diet is one factor regulating maternal hormone concentrations. We hypothesized that during gestation, diet alters concentrations of maternal metabolic hormones. Pregnant ewes (n=36; 12/treatment) were individually fed 1 of 3 diets [100% (CON), 140% (OVER), or 60% (RES) NRC requirements] from wk 5 of gestation until parturition. Weekly blood samples (20 mL) were obtained via jugular venipuncture and BW was measured. Concentrations of GH, IGF-I and leptin were determined by RIA. Insulin was determined by ELISA. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. By the …
Direct Reprogramming Of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts Into Gabaergic Neurons, Nicholas J. Wasko
Direct Reprogramming Of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts Into Gabaergic Neurons, Nicholas J. Wasko
Honors Scholar Theses
Recent studies in which mouse and human fibroblasts were directly reprogrammed into functional neurons have demonstrated that lineage-specific transcription factors can override differentiation processes previously thought to be irreversible. Notably, three factors have been shown to be required for the induction of neural cell fate. Subsequent experiments have identified additional factors capable of generating specific neuronal subtypes, including motor neurons and dopaminergic neurons, but the factors necessary for inducing GABAergic neuronal fate have yet to be elucidated. Here, factors linked to GABAergic fate were transfected into mouse fibroblasts in order to identify candidate factors for inhibitory interneuron direct reprogramming. Results …
The Effects Of Aging And Injury On The Murine Ependymal Barrier And Subventricular Zone, John J. Peters
The Effects Of Aging And Injury On The Murine Ependymal Barrier And Subventricular Zone, John J. Peters
Honors Scholar Theses
Previous research has shown that numerous age-related changes occur in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and diminish the neurogenic output of the region. Here, various age-related changes in the structure of the lateral ventricle, the ependymal barrier, and the SVZ were examined. It was found that the walls of the lateral ventricles move together, adhere, and eventually fuse. This results in a degradation of the SVZ. Other changes associated with aging were found, including ependymal cell stretching, heightened, ependymal repair, changes in CSF flow velocity and dynamics, and altered ependymal cell polarity. These changes may be related to the process of …
Chemical And Biological Triggers For The Improved Intercalation And Release Of Glucose Oxidase (Go) In The Galleries Of Α-Zirconium Phosphate Nanolayers For A Noninvasive Oral Alternative To Insulin Drug Therapies, Momina Kamal Afrede
Honors Scholar Theses
Noninvasive treatment alternatives for diseases from diabetes to hypercholerestemia are at the cutting edge of research. Although many noninvasive drug delivery routes, including oral nasal, buccal, dermal, and pulmonary have been investigated no one route has been fully approved for patient use by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) standards as an alternative to current needle dependent subcutaneous insulin delivery. 10 12 This thesis focuses on two novel oral protein drug delivery systems α-Zr(IV) phosphate (α-ZrP)-protein-Divalent Metal Ion and α-Zr(IV) phosphate (α-ZrP)-protein- cationized Bovine Serum Albumin BSA. Glucose oxidase (GO) serves as a model protein in this thesis for noninvasive …
Characterizing The Role Of Cortactin In Actin Pedestal Assembly By Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli (Ehec), Sarah E. Grout
Characterizing The Role Of Cortactin In Actin Pedestal Assembly By Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli (Ehec), Sarah E. Grout
Honors Scholar Theses
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a major foodborne cause of bloody diarrhea and renal failure. During colonization of the intestine, EHEC injects the transmembrane receptor protein Tir and the cytoplasmic effector protein EspFU into host cells to reorganize the actin cytoskeleton into adhesion “pedestals.” EspFU has been shown to bind and activate the actin nucleation factor N-WASP to drive actin polymerization into pedestals. However, EspFU can still assemble pedestals in cells lacking N-WASP, suggesting that this effector protein is able to also trigger N-WASP-independent pathways of actin polymerization during infection. Cortactin is an atypical nucleation factor that localizes to pedestals, …