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Investigating The Role Of Small Noncoding Rnas In Vertebrate Anoxia Tolerance, Claire Louise Riggs
Investigating The Role Of Small Noncoding Rnas In Vertebrate Anoxia Tolerance, Claire Louise Riggs
Dissertations and Theses
Very few vertebrates survive extended periods of time without oxygen. Entry into metabolic depression is central to surviving anoxia, which is supported by overall suppression of protein synthesis, yet requires increased expression of specific proteins. Studying the rapid and complex regulation of gene expression associated with survival of anoxia may uncover new mechanisms of cellular biology and transform our understanding of cells, as well as inform prevention and treatment of heart attack and stroke in humans. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have emerged as regulators of gene expression that can be rapidly employed, can target individual genes or suites of genes, …
Genetic Analysis Of The Major Capsid Protein Of The Archaeal Fusellovirus Ssv1: Mutational Flexibility And Conformational Change, Eric A. Iverson, David A. Goodman, Madeline E. Gorchels, Kenneth M. Stedman
Genetic Analysis Of The Major Capsid Protein Of The Archaeal Fusellovirus Ssv1: Mutational Flexibility And Conformational Change, Eric A. Iverson, David A. Goodman, Madeline E. Gorchels, Kenneth M. Stedman
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Viruses with spindle or lemon-shaped virions are rare in the world of viruses, but are common in viruses of archaeal extremophiles, possibly due to the extreme conditions in which they thrive. However, the structural and genetic basis for the unique spindle shape is unknown. The best-studied spindle-shaped virus, Sulfolobus Spindle-shaped Virus 1 (SSV1), is composed mostly of the major capsid protein VP1. Similar to many other viruses, proteolytic cleavage of VP1 is thought to be critical for virion formation. Unlike half of the genes in SSV1, including the minor capsid protein gene VP3, the VP1 gene does not tolerate …
Transcriptomic Regulation Of Alternative Phenotypic Trajectories In Embryos Of The Annual Killifish Austrofundulus Limnaeus, Amie L. Romney
Transcriptomic Regulation Of Alternative Phenotypic Trajectories In Embryos Of The Annual Killifish Austrofundulus Limnaeus, Amie L. Romney
Dissertations and Theses
The Annual Killifish, Austrofundulus limnaeus, survives the seasonal drying of their pond habitat in the form of embryos entering diapause midway through development. The diapause trajectory is one of two developmental phenotypes. Alternatively, individuals can "escape" entry into diapause and develop continuously until hatching. The alternative phenotypes of A. limnaeus are a form of developmental plasticity that provides this species with a physiological adaption for surviving stressful environments. The developmental trajectory of an embryo is not distinguishable morphologically upon fertilization and phenotype is believed to be influenced by maternal provisioning within the egg based on observations of offspring phenotype …
Dynamics Of Prochlorococcus And Synechococcus At Station Aloha Revealed Through Flow Cytometry And High-Resolution Vertical Sampling, Ger J. Van Den Engh, Joseph K. Doggett, Anne W. Thompson, Martina A. Doblin, Carla N.G. Gimpel, David M. Karl
Dynamics Of Prochlorococcus And Synechococcus At Station Aloha Revealed Through Flow Cytometry And High-Resolution Vertical Sampling, Ger J. Van Den Engh, Joseph K. Doggett, Anne W. Thompson, Martina A. Doblin, Carla N.G. Gimpel, David M. Karl
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
The fluorescence and scattering properties of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus at Station ALOHA as measured by flow cytometry (termed the FCM phenotype) vary with depth and over a variety of time scales. The variation in FCM phenotypes may reflect population selection or physiological acclimation to local conditions. Observations before, during, and after a storm with deep water mixing show a short-term homogenization of the FCM phenotypes with depth, followed by a return to the stable pattern over the time span of a few days. These dynamics indicate that, within the upper mixed-layer, the FCM phenotype distribution represents acclimation to ambient light. …
A Metabolic Hypothesis For The Evolution Of Temperature Effects On The Arterial Pco2 And Ph Of Vertebrate Ectotherms, Stanley S. Hillman, Michael Scott Hedrick
A Metabolic Hypothesis For The Evolution Of Temperature Effects On The Arterial Pco2 And Ph Of Vertebrate Ectotherms, Stanley S. Hillman, Michael Scott Hedrick
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Body temperature increases in ectothermic vertebrates characteristically lead to both increases in arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) and declines in resting arterial pH (pHa) of about 0.017 pH units/°C increase in temperature. This ‘alphastat’ pH pattern has previously been interpreted as being evolutionarily-driven by the maintenance of a constant protonation state on the imidazole moiety of histidine protein residues, hence stabilizing protein structure-function. Analysis of the existing data for interclass responses of ectothermic vertebrates show different degrees of PaCO2 increases and pH declines with temperature between the classes with reptiles>amphibians>fish. The PaCO2 at the temperature where maximal aerobic metabolism (VO2max) …
An Efficient Pipeline To Generate Data For Studies In Plastid Population Genomics And Phylogeography, Brendan F. Kohrn, Jessica M. Persinger, Mitchell B. Cruzan
An Efficient Pipeline To Generate Data For Studies In Plastid Population Genomics And Phylogeography, Brendan F. Kohrn, Jessica M. Persinger, Mitchell B. Cruzan
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Premise of the study: Seed dispersal contributes to gene flow and is responsible for colonization of new sites and range expansion. Sequencing chloroplast haplotypes offers a way to estimate contributions of seed dispersal to population genetic structure and enables studies of population history. Whole‐genome sequencing is expensive, but resources can be conserved by pooling samples. Unfortunately, haplotype associations among single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are lost in pooled samples, and treating SNP allele frequencies as independent markers provides biased estimates of genetic structure.
Methods: We developed sampling methodologies and an application, CallHap, that uses a least‐squares algorithm to evaluate the fit between …
Northwest Forest Plan The First 20 Years (1994-2013): Watershed Condition Status And Trend, Stephanie A. Miller, Sean N. Gordon, Peter Eldred, Ronald M. Beloin, Steve Wilcox, Mark Raggon, Heidi Andersen, Ariel Muldoon
Northwest Forest Plan The First 20 Years (1994-2013): Watershed Condition Status And Trend, Stephanie A. Miller, Sean N. Gordon, Peter Eldred, Ronald M. Beloin, Steve Wilcox, Mark Raggon, Heidi Andersen, Ariel Muldoon
Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations
We used two data sets to evaluate stream and upslope/riparian condition for sixth-field watersheds in each aquatic province within the Northwest Forest Plan (NWFP) area. The stream evaluation was based on stream sampling data collected from 2002 to the 2013 (214 watersheds) as part of an eight year repeating (rotating) sample design. We are currently halfway through our second rotation of stream sampling, and have repeated 110 watersheds since the second rotation began in 2009. The analysis presented in this report uses roughly half the number of watersheds as was originally intended by the sample design since re-visitation will not …
Adaptive Evolution Under Extreme Genetic Drift In Oxidatively Stressed Caenorhabditis Elegans, Stephen Fuller Christy, Riana I. Wernick, Michael James Lue, Griselda Velasco, Dana K. Howe, Dee R. Denver, Suzanne Estes
Adaptive Evolution Under Extreme Genetic Drift In Oxidatively Stressed Caenorhabditis Elegans, Stephen Fuller Christy, Riana I. Wernick, Michael James Lue, Griselda Velasco, Dana K. Howe, Dee R. Denver, Suzanne Estes
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
A mutation-accumulation (MA) experiment with Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes was conducted in which replicate, independently evolving lines were initiated from a low-fitness mitochondrial electron transport chain mutant, gas-1. The original intent of the study was to assess the effect of electron transport chain dysfunction involving elevated reactive oxygen species production on patterns of spontaneous germline mutation. In contrast to results of standard MA experiments, gas-1 MA lines evolved slightly higher mean fitness alongside reduced among-line genetic variance compared with their ancestor. Likewise, the gas-1 MA lines experienced partial recovery to wildtype reactive oxygen species levels. Whole-genome sequencing and analysis revealed that …
Plasma Cell Survival In The Absence Of B Cell Memory, Erika Hammarlund, Archana Thomas, Ian J. Amanna, Lindsay Holden, Ov D. Slayden, Byung S. Park, Lina Gao, Mark K. Slifka
Plasma Cell Survival In The Absence Of B Cell Memory, Erika Hammarlund, Archana Thomas, Ian J. Amanna, Lindsay Holden, Ov D. Slayden, Byung S. Park, Lina Gao, Mark K. Slifka
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Pre-existing serum antibodies play an important role in vaccine-mediated protection against infection but the underlying mechanisms of immune memory are unclear. Clinical studies indicate that antigen-specific antibody responses can be maintained for many years, leading to theories that reactivation/differentiation of memory B cells into plasma cells is required to sustain long-term antibody production. Here, we present a decade-long study in which we demonstrate site-specific survival of bone marrow-derived plasma cells and durable antibody responses to multiple virus and vaccine antigens in rhesus macaques for years after sustained memory B cell depletion. Moreover, BrdU+ cells with plasma cell morphology can be …
Prebiotic Rna Network Formation: A Taxonomy Of Molecular Cooperation, Cole Mathis, Sanjay N. Ramprasad, Sara Imari Walker, Niles Lehman
Prebiotic Rna Network Formation: A Taxonomy Of Molecular Cooperation, Cole Mathis, Sanjay N. Ramprasad, Sara Imari Walker, Niles Lehman
Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations
Cooperation is essential for evolution of biological complexity. Recent work has shown game theoretic arguments, commonly used to model biological cooperation, can also illuminate the dynamics of chemical systems. Here we investigate the types of cooperation possible in a real RNA system based on the Azoarcusribozyme, by constructing a taxonomy of possible cooperative groups. We construct a computational model of this system to investigate the features of the real system promoting cooperation. We find triplet interactions among genotypes are intrinsically biased towards cooperation due to the particular distribution of catalytic rate constants measured empirically in the real system. For other …
Use Of Gene Editing In Usda Research, Mark R. Mclellan, Patsy Brannon, Adriana Campa, Carrie Castille, Steven Daley-Laursen, Roch Gaussoin, Govind Kannan, Mark Lawrence, Dawn Thilmany
Use Of Gene Editing In Usda Research, Mark R. Mclellan, Patsy Brannon, Adriana Campa, Carrie Castille, Steven Daley-Laursen, Roch Gaussoin, Govind Kannan, Mark Lawrence, Dawn Thilmany
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
The Science Advisory Council was established in FY2016 as a subcommittee of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and Economics (NAREEE) Advisory Board by the Chief Scientist as a result of recommendations from the 2012 report on Agricultural Preparedness by the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology. The Council's charge is to provide advice and guidance, on a scientific basis, on the overall strength, practicality, and direction of agricultural research, including emerging technology and scientific issues and report any findings publicly to the NAREEE Advisory Board.
The USDA Chief Scientist first asked the Council to examine rigor and …
Uncovering Coxiella Burnetii'S Pathogenicity By Elucidating Its Metabolism And Host Interactions, Jess Annai Millar
Uncovering Coxiella Burnetii'S Pathogenicity By Elucidating Its Metabolism And Host Interactions, Jess Annai Millar
Dissertations and Theses
Coxiella burnetii, the etiologic agent of acute Q fever and chronic endocarditis, has a unique biphasic life cycle, which includes a metabolically active intracellular form that occupies a large lysosome-derived acidic vacuole. C. burnetii is the only bacterium known to thrive within such a hostile intracellular niche, and this ability is fundamental to its pathogenicity; however, very little is known about genes that facilitate Coxiella's intracellular growth. This lack of knowledge of Coxiella's basic biology and molecular pathogenesis is a critical barrier to developing more effective therapies.
In this study, we aimed to understand both bacterial and …
Urban Impacts To Forest Productivity, Soil Quality, And Canopy Structure In Forest Park, Portland, Oregon, Andrew David Addessi
Urban Impacts To Forest Productivity, Soil Quality, And Canopy Structure In Forest Park, Portland, Oregon, Andrew David Addessi
Dissertations and Theses
Land use practices and exposure to low impact disturbances associated with an urban environment can alter forest structure and function. Past and ongoing research in Forest Park, a large urban forest in Portland, Oregon, suggests that mature mixed Douglas-fir (Psuedotsuga meziesii)-hardwood stands in the more urban end of the park lack a shade-tolerant conifer understory composed of the late successional conifer tree species, such western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) and western red-cedar (Thuja plicata). 5-year plot remeasurement data that characterizes productivity and mortality patterns did not show a strong relationship to urban proximity. Plot productivity …
Prozac In The Water: Chronic Fluoxetine Exposure And Predation Risk Interact To Shape Behaviors In An Estuarine Crab, Joseph R. Peters, Elise F. Granek, Catherine E. De Rivera, Matthew Rollins
Prozac In The Water: Chronic Fluoxetine Exposure And Predation Risk Interact To Shape Behaviors In An Estuarine Crab, Joseph R. Peters, Elise F. Granek, Catherine E. De Rivera, Matthew Rollins
Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations
Predators exert considerable top-down pressure on ecosystems by directly consuming prey or indirectly influencing their foraging behaviors and habitat use. Prey is, therefore, forced to balance predation risk with resource reward. A growing list of anthropogenic stressors such as rising temperatures and ocean acidification has been shown to influence prey risk behaviors and subsequently alter important ecosystem processes. Yet, limited attention has been paid to the effects of chronic pharmaceutical exposure on risk behavior or as an ecological stressor, despite widespread detection and persistence of these contaminants in aquatic environments. In the laboratory, we simulated estuarine conditions of the shore …
Identifying Clusters Of Non-Farm Activity Within Exclusive Farm Use Zones In The Northern Willamette Valley, Nicholas Chun
Identifying Clusters Of Non-Farm Activity Within Exclusive Farm Use Zones In The Northern Willamette Valley, Nicholas Chun
Dissertations and Theses
This thesis provides an extensive look at where permitted non-farm uses and dwellings have clustered within Exclusive Farm Use (EFU) zones in the Northern Willamette Valley in Oregon. There is a looming concern that non-farm related uses and dwellings, or non-farm development, are conflicting with agricultural preservation strategies. Specifically, non-farm developments can potentially undermine the critical mass of farmland needed to keep the agricultural economy sustainable, but until now, studies have lacked spatially precise data to systematically track these phenomena. This thesis offers methodological contributions towards analyzing these operations and presents a broad account of what has been occurring in …
Life’S Late Digital Revolution And Why It Matters For The Study Of The Origins Of Life, David A. Baum, Niles Lehman
Life’S Late Digital Revolution And Why It Matters For The Study Of The Origins Of Life, David A. Baum, Niles Lehman
Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations
The information contained in life exists in two forms, analog and digital. Analog information is manifest mainly in the differing concentrations of chemicals that get passed from generation to generation and can vary from cell to cell. Digital information is encoded in linear polymers such as DNA and RNA, whose side chains come in discrete chemical forms. Here, we argue that the analog form of information preceded the digital. Acceptance of this dichotomy, and this progression, can help direct future studies on how life originated and initially complexified on the primordial Earth, as well as expected trajectories for other, independent …
Expanding Metabolic Diversity Of Two Archaeal Phyla: Nanoarchaeota And Korarchaeota, John Forad Kelley
Expanding Metabolic Diversity Of Two Archaeal Phyla: Nanoarchaeota And Korarchaeota, John Forad Kelley
Dissertations and Theses
Culture independent studies have revealed a greater diversity of Archaea than the two kingdoms initially defined by Carl Woese. Culturing species from the newly discovered archaeal lineages, as with the majority of microbes, has been difficult. To overcome the culturing dilemma, metagenomics is being used to reconstruct environmental genomes. Two metagenomic studies are presented in this thesis, with the aim of recovering newly proposed archaeal genomes from the Nanoarchaeota and Korarchaeota.
In the first study, a sediment sample, NZ13, was collected from a terrestrial New Zealand hot spring. Along with the sediment sample, two complex enrichments were sequenced on an …
Evolution And Metabolic Potential Of Francisella-Like Endosymbionts Of Ticks, Jonathan Graham Gerhart
Evolution And Metabolic Potential Of Francisella-Like Endosymbionts Of Ticks, Jonathan Graham Gerhart
Dissertations and Theses
Endosymbiosis in arthropods involves intracellular bacteria that supply an array of benefits to the host. Endosymbionts likely enhance the health of ticks by provisioning amino acids such as cysteine and tyrosine, and cofactors such as biotin and folic acid that are not available in blood--the sole nutrient source of ticks. Endosymbionts of ticks are of special interest due to their close evolutionary relationship with tick-vectored pathogens that impact livestock and human health. For example, ticks typically contain Coxiella-like endosymbionts (CLEs) that are the closest relatives of the human pathogen Coxiella burnetii. In order to understand the evolutionary relationship …
Assessing A Fluorescence Spectroscopy Method For In-Situ Microbial Drinking Water Quality, Taylor Jeffery Sharpe
Assessing A Fluorescence Spectroscopy Method For In-Situ Microbial Drinking Water Quality, Taylor Jeffery Sharpe
Dissertations and Theses
Waterborne disease is a significant contributor to the global burden of disease, in particular among high-risk populations in developing nations. State-of-the-art methods for the enumeration of microbial pathogens in drinking water sources have important limitations, including high initial cost, 24-48 hour delays in results, high staffing and facility requirements, and training requirements which all become especially problematic in the developing nation context.
A number of alternative approaches to microbial water quality testing have been proposed, with the goal of decreasing the required testing time, decreasing overall costs, leveraging appropriate technology approaches, or improving sensitivity or specificity of the water quality …
Anthropogenic Effects On The Fouling Community: Impacts Of Biological Invasions And Anthropogenic Structures On Community Structure, Whitney Elizabeth Mcclees
Anthropogenic Effects On The Fouling Community: Impacts Of Biological Invasions And Anthropogenic Structures On Community Structure, Whitney Elizabeth Mcclees
Dissertations and Theses
Coastal anthropogenic infrastructure has significantly modified nearshore environments. Because these structures often have a strong association with shipping as would be found in ports and harbors, they have been identified as invasion hotspots. Due to propagule pressure from shipping and recreational boating and suitable uncolonized substrate that provides a refuge from native predators, a greater number of non-native species have been found on these structures compared to nearby natural substrate. The mechanisms that limit the spread of non-native species from anthropogenic structures to natural substrate have been explored for several taxa at a species-specific level, but less so from an …
The Cul3 Ubiquitin Ligase: An Essential Regulator Of Diverse Cellular Processes, Brittney Marie Davidge
The Cul3 Ubiquitin Ligase: An Essential Regulator Of Diverse Cellular Processes, Brittney Marie Davidge
Dissertations and Theses
Cul3 forms E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes that regulate a variety of cellular processes. This dissertation describes Cul3's role in several of these pathways and provides new mechanistic details regarding the role of Cul3 in eukaryotic cells. Cyclin E is an example of a protein that is regulated in a Cul3-dependent manner. Cyclin E is a cell cycle regulator that controls the beginning of DNA replication in mammalian cells. Increased levels of cyclin E are found in some cancers, in addition, proteolytic removal of the cyclin E N-terminus occurs in some cancers and is associated with tumorigenesis. Cyclin E levels are …
County-Level Cumulative Environmental Quality Associated With Cancer Incidence, Jyotsna S. Jagai, Lynne C. Messer, Kristen M. Rappazzo, Christine L. Gray, Shannon C. Grabich, Danelle T. Lobdell
County-Level Cumulative Environmental Quality Associated With Cancer Incidence, Jyotsna S. Jagai, Lynne C. Messer, Kristen M. Rappazzo, Christine L. Gray, Shannon C. Grabich, Danelle T. Lobdell
Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations
BACKGROUND: Individual environmental exposures are associated with cancer development; however, environmental exposures occur simultaneously. The Environmental Quality Index (EQI) is a county-level measure of cumulative environmental exposures that occur in 5 domains.
METHODS: The EQI was linked to county-level annual age-adjusted cancer incidence rates from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program state cancer profiles. All-site cancer and the top 3 site-specific cancers for male and female subjects were considered. Incident rate differences (IRDs; annual rate difference per 100,000 persons) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using fixed-slope, random intercept multilevel linear regression models. Associations were assessed with …
Winter Diet Of Bobolink, A Long-Distance Migratory Grassland Bird, Inferred From Feather Isotopes, Rosalind B. Renfrew, Jason M. Hill, Daniel H. Kim, Christopher Romanek, Noah G. Perlut
Winter Diet Of Bobolink, A Long-Distance Migratory Grassland Bird, Inferred From Feather Isotopes, Rosalind B. Renfrew, Jason M. Hill, Daniel H. Kim, Christopher Romanek, Noah G. Perlut
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Effective conservation of migratory bird populations depends on advancements in our understanding of processes throughout the life cycle. Fundamental information about wintering ecology (e.g., habitat use and diet composition) remains limited, which limits assessment of threats to populations during winter. Bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) is a year-round grassland obligate and Nearctic-Neotropical migrant that undergoes 2 complete molts each year, including a complete prealternate molt on the South American wintering grounds. This unusual winter molt provides a rare opportunity to examine, using stable isotope analysis, the timing and contribution of foraging resources in the Bobolink diet prior to northbound migration from disparate …
Arginine Vasotocin And Neuropeptide Y Vary With Seasonal Life-History Transitions In Garter Snakes, Ashley R. Lucas, Daelyn Y. Richards, Lucy M. Ramirez, Deborah Lutterschmidt
Arginine Vasotocin And Neuropeptide Y Vary With Seasonal Life-History Transitions In Garter Snakes, Ashley R. Lucas, Daelyn Y. Richards, Lucy M. Ramirez, Deborah Lutterschmidt
Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Transitions between life-history stages are often accompanied by dramatic behavioral switches that result from a shift in motivation to pursue one resource over another. While the neuroendocrine mechanisms that regulate such behavioral transitions are poorly understood, arginine vasotocin (AVT) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) are excellent candidates because they modulate reproductive and feeding behavior, respectively. We asked if seasonal changes in AVT and NPY are concomitant with the seasonal migration to and from the feeding grounds in red-sided garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis). Male and female snakes were collected in different migratory states during both the spring and fall. The total …
Assessing The Potential Of Land Use Modification To Mitigate Ambient No2 And Its Consequences For Respiratory Health, Meenakshi Rao, Linda A. George, Vivek Shandas, Todd N. Rosenstiel
Assessing The Potential Of Land Use Modification To Mitigate Ambient No2 And Its Consequences For Respiratory Health, Meenakshi Rao, Linda A. George, Vivek Shandas, Todd N. Rosenstiel
Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations
Understanding how local land use and land cover (LULC) shapes intra-urban concentrations of atmospheric pollutants—and thus human health—is a key component in designing healthier cities. Here, NO2 is modeled based on spatially dense summer and winter NO2 observations in Portland-Hillsboro-Vancouver (USA), and the spatial variation of NO2 with LULC investigated using random forest, an ensemble data learning technique. The NO2 random forest model, together with BenMAP, is further used to develop a better understanding of the relationship among LULC, ambient NO2 and respiratory health. The impact of land use modifications on ambient NO2, …
Intestinal Microbiota Diversity Of Pre-Smolt Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Across Six Oregon And Washington Hatcheries, Christina Carrell Yildirimer
Intestinal Microbiota Diversity Of Pre-Smolt Steelhead (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Across Six Oregon And Washington Hatcheries, Christina Carrell Yildirimer
Dissertations and Theses
The Pacific Northwest is known for its once-abundant wild salmonid populations that have been in decline for more than 50 years due to habitat destruction and commercial overexploitation. To compensate, federal and state agencies annually release hundreds of thousands of hatchery-reared fish into the wild. However, accumulating data indicate that hatchery fish have lower fitness in natural environments, and that hatchery rearing negatively influences return rates of anadromous salmonids. Recently, mounting evidence revealed that the richness and diversity of intestinal microbial species influence host health. We examined the gut microbiota of pre-migratory hatchery-reared steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to assess …
Effectiveness Of Indoor Plants For Passive Removal Of Indoor Ozone, Omed A. Abbass, David J. Sailor, Elliott T. Gall
Effectiveness Of Indoor Plants For Passive Removal Of Indoor Ozone, Omed A. Abbass, David J. Sailor, Elliott T. Gall
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations
Indoor vegetation is often proposed as a passive approach for improving indoor air quality. While studies of outdoor environments indicate that vegetation can be an important sink of outdoor ozone, there is scant data in the literature concerning the dynamics of ozone uptake by indoor plants. This study determined ozone deposition velocities (vd) for five common indoor plants (Peace Lily, Ficus, Calathia, Dieffenbachia, Golden Pothos). The transient vd was calculated, using measured leaf areas for each plant, for exposures mimicking three diurnal cycles where ozone concentrations in chamber tests were elevated for 8 h followed by …
Symbiosis With Nitrogen-Fixing Rhizobia Influences Plant Defense Strategy And Plant-Predator Interactions, Adrienne Louise Godschalx
Symbiosis With Nitrogen-Fixing Rhizobia Influences Plant Defense Strategy And Plant-Predator Interactions, Adrienne Louise Godschalx
Dissertations and Theses
As sessile organisms, plants evolved a plethora of defenses against their attackers. Given the role of plants as a primary food source for many organisms, plant defense has important implications for community ecology. Surprisingly, despite the potential to alter entire food webs and communities, the factors determining plant investment in defense are not well-understood, and are even less understood considering the numerous symbiotic interactions in the same plant. Legume-rhizobia symbioses engineer ecosystems by fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere in trade for plant photosynthates, yet connecting symbiotic resource exchange to food web interactions has yet to be established. Here I test …
Sulfolobus Spindle-Shaped Virus 1 Growth Kinetics, Setarah Mohammad Nader
Sulfolobus Spindle-Shaped Virus 1 Growth Kinetics, Setarah Mohammad Nader
PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal
Geothermal and hypersaline environments are rich in viral particles, among which spindle-shaped morphologies predominate. Currently, viruses with spindle- or lemon-shaped virions are unique to Archaea and belong to two distinct viral families. The larger of the two families, the Fuselloviridae, encompasses spindle-shaped viruses with very short tails, which infect Sulfolobus solfataricus and close relatives. Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus 1 (SSV1) is the best-known member of the family and was one of the first hyperthermophilic archaeal viruses to be isolated. However, our knowledge of fuselloviral life cycles and the relationships between these viruses and their hosts is still limited. As a …
Ecosystem Recovery In Estuarine Wetlands Of The Columbia River Estuary, Sarah Ann Kidd
Ecosystem Recovery In Estuarine Wetlands Of The Columbia River Estuary, Sarah Ann Kidd
Dissertations and Theses
In the restoration of tidal wetland ecosystems, potential drivers of plant community development range from biotic controls (e.g. plant competition, seed dispersal) to abiotic controls (e.g. tidal flooding, salinity levels). How these controls influence the success of tidal wetland restoration are only partly understood, but have important implications for wetland habitat recovery. Specifically, the extent to which the existing native and non-native seed banks in tidally reconnected wetlands interact with these controls is not clear, yet the potential success of passive restoration methods depends upon this understanding.
For a 54-year chronosequence of eleven tidal wetland restoration sites in the Lower …