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Articles 1 - 30 of 78
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Elections And Economic Turbulence In Brazil: Candidates, Voters, And Investors, Tony Spanakos, Lucio R. Renno
Elections And Economic Turbulence In Brazil: Candidates, Voters, And Investors, Tony Spanakos, Lucio R. Renno
Department of Political Science and Law Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The relation between elections and the economy in Latin America might be understood by considering the agency of candidates and the issue of policy preference congruence between investors and voters. The preference congruence model proposed in this article highlights political risk in emerging markets. Certain risk features increase the role of candidate campaign rhetoric and investor preferences in elections. When politicians propose policies that can appease voters and investors, elections may have a limited effect on economic indicators, such as inflation. But when voter and investor priorities differ significantly, deterioration of economic indicators is more likely. Moreover, voter and investor …
Y-Chromosome Polymorphisms In Southern Arabia, Alicia M. Cadenas
Y-Chromosome Polymorphisms In Southern Arabia, Alicia M. Cadenas
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In order to explore south Arabia's role in the migratory episodes leaving Africa to Eurasia and back, high-resolution Y-chromosome analyses of males from the United Arab Emirates (164), Qatar (72) and Yemen (62) were performed. The distribution of specific haplogroups (E3bl-M35 and J1-M267) and their microsatellite-based age estimates in southern Arabia offer additional insight on their dissemination. With the exception of Yemen, southern Arabia displays high diversity in its Y-haplogroup substructure and share similarities with populations along the eastern coast of the Gulf of Oman, possibly serving as a coastal corridor for migrations. Elevated rates of consanguinity may have had …
Symposium On Back-End Sentencing And Parole Reform. Keynote Address At Stanford Law School On November 4, 2006 In Stanford, Ct., Jeremy Travis
Symposium On Back-End Sentencing And Parole Reform. Keynote Address At Stanford Law School On November 4, 2006 In Stanford, Ct., Jeremy Travis
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
The Duty To Obey The Law, David Lefkowitz
The Duty To Obey The Law, David Lefkowitz
Philosophy Faculty Publications
Under what conditions, if any, do those the law addresses have a moral duty or obligation to obey it simply because it is the law? In this essay, I identify five general approaches to carrying out this task, and offer a somewhat detailed discussion of one or two examples of each approach. The approaches studied are: relational-role approaches that appeal to the fact that an agent occupies the role of member in the political community; attempts to ground the duty to obey the law in individual consent or fair play; natural duty approaches; instrumental approaches; and philosophical anarchism, an approach …
Criminality Of Police Officers, Philip M. Stinson
Criminality Of Police Officers, Philip M. Stinson
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Divisionews (Fall 2006, Issue 26), American Society Of Criminology Division On Women And Crime
Divisionews (Fall 2006, Issue 26), American Society Of Criminology Division On Women And Crime
Division on Women and Crime Documents and Correspondence
No abstract provided.
Feminist Justice In Practice: Witness Experiences Of Survivors Of Wartime Sexual Violence In The Sud Bih, Brett A. Smith-Hams
Feminist Justice In Practice: Witness Experiences Of Survivors Of Wartime Sexual Violence In The Sud Bih, Brett A. Smith-Hams
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Wartime sexual violence is currently being prosecuted in numerous legal institutions across the world. In order for survivors of this sexual violence to have the best possible experiences, many improvements in the care, protection, and support of those who come forward to testify in these institutions need to be made. This study looks at the practices of one particular legal institution, the National Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is currently in the midst of trying several war crimes cases, many of which involve incidents of mass, systematic sexual violence as part of a larger military campaign in the region …
A Contractarian Argument Against The Death Penalty, Claire Oakes Finkelstein
A Contractarian Argument Against The Death Penalty, Claire Oakes Finkelstein
All Faculty Scholarship
Opponents of the death penalty typically base their opposition on contingent features of its administration, arguing that the death penalty is applied discriminatory, that the innocent are sometimes executed, or that there is insufficient evidence of the death penalty’s deterrent efficacy. Implicit in these arguments is the suggestion that if these contingencies did not obtain, serious moral objections to the death penalty would be misplaced. In this Article, Professor Finkelstein argues that there are grounds for opposing the death penalty even in the absence of such contingent factors. She proceeds by arguing that neither of the two prevailing theories of …
Art Imitates Life: Violence And The Music Of Metal And Rap, Gordon A. Crews, Angela D. Crews
Art Imitates Life: Violence And The Music Of Metal And Rap, Gordon A. Crews, Angela D. Crews
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations
The purpose of this presentation is to explore the similar evolution's of Black Metal and Gangsta Rap musical genres. The authors argue the following similarities exist: 1) different cultures and statements being made, but violence is a common thread (outcomes of violence and societal responses), 2) the music and lyrics in both reflect their cultures, histories, and lives, and, 3) there is a strong musical and lyrical expression of violence related to the behavioral expression of violence among the artists and the fans in both genres. Finally, the authors question whether art imitates life or life imitates art.
Locked Out: Locke V. Davey And The Broken Promise Of Equal Access, Richard F. Duncan
Locked Out: Locke V. Davey And The Broken Promise Of Equal Access, Richard F. Duncan
Nebraska College of Law: Faculty Publications
This Article analyzed Chief Justice Rehnquist's Footnote Three dictum, and concluded that the Promise Scholarship Program in Davey was clearly designed to encourage Promise Scholars to choose from an infinitely broad array of subjects, viewpoints, and courses of study that make up the marketplace of ideas of higher education in the State of Washington. Since the exclusion of devotional theology majors from the Program was clearly based on the viewpoint from which theology is taught and studied, and since it is clear that government may not discriminate on the basis of viewpoint--even in the context of a funding program--if the …
Labeling And Deviance: Fraternities And Gangs, Cristina Masiello
Labeling And Deviance: Fraternities And Gangs, Cristina Masiello
Honors College Theses
Labeling has a large effect on individuals and how they are viewed by society and how they view themselves. Who makes the rules about gang members? What is a gang and what do they represent? Fraternities and street gangs have more similarities than most would imagine. Both take part in illegal activities, however, only one group is criminalized for it. Society labels certain individuals as deviants or gang members and potentially can cause systematic violence. Those with privilege are treated differently and excuses are made for them, leading them to believe that status can excuse anything.
Oxycontin And Crime In Eastern Kentucky, Kenneth D. Tunnell
Oxycontin And Crime In Eastern Kentucky, Kenneth D. Tunnell
Kentucky Justice and Safety Research Bulletin
During the past ten years, rural Kentucky (and rural pockets of nearby states) witnessed the emergence of a new pharmaceutical drug of abuse. The powerful oxycodone, OxyContin, first manufactured in 1996 and designed for timerelease pain relief, found aready population in rural hamlets and mountain communities. Intended for patients in pain associated with terminal disease, it became a drug of abuse as it was over-prescribed and
trafficked. This Justice and Safety Research Bulletin describes the sudden growth in the use of this new drug and its antecedents. Describing the trends in use and abuse,this Bulletin presents evidence of an epidemic …
The Future Of International Law Is Domestic (Or, The European Way Of Law), William W. Burke-White, Anne-Marie Slaughter
The Future Of International Law Is Domestic (Or, The European Way Of Law), William W. Burke-White, Anne-Marie Slaughter
All Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Fear Of Acquaintance Versus Stranger Rape As A "Master Status": Towards Refinement Of The "Shadow Of Sexual Assault", Pamela Wilcox, Carol E. Jordan, Adam J. Pritchard
Fear Of Acquaintance Versus Stranger Rape As A "Master Status": Towards Refinement Of The "Shadow Of Sexual Assault", Pamela Wilcox, Carol E. Jordan, Adam J. Pritchard
Office for Policy Studies on Violence Against Women Publications
Using a sample of 1,010 women from a southeastern state university, we explore whether associations between fear of sexual assault and other crime-specific fears vary based on presumed victim-offender relationship. More specifically, we assess the extent to which fear of stranger- and acquaintance-perpetrated sexual assaults differ in the extent to which they are correlated with fear of other crime victimizations. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that both fear of stranger-perpetrated sexual assault and fear of acquaintance- perpetrated sexual assault were positively associated with nearly all other crimespecific fears under examination. However, associations were particularly strong between fear of sexual assault …
“Three Strikes” Legislation: Utilitarian Deterrence, Paul R. Rickert
“Three Strikes” Legislation: Utilitarian Deterrence, Paul R. Rickert
Faculty Publications and Presentations
The author argues that current "three-strikes" legislation does not have justice as its end-goal, because it is based in utilitarian philosophy.
Mugshot Exposure Effects: Retroactive Interference, Mugshot Commitment, Source Confusion, And Unconscious Transference, Kenneth A. Deffenbacher, Brian H. Bornstein, Steven D. Penrod
Mugshot Exposure Effects: Retroactive Interference, Mugshot Commitment, Source Confusion, And Unconscious Transference, Kenneth A. Deffenbacher, Brian H. Bornstein, Steven D. Penrod
Psychology Faculty Publications
More than 25 years of research has accumulated concerning the possible biasing effects of mugshot exposure to eyewitnesses. Two separate metaanalyses were conducted on 32 independent tests of the hypothesis that prior mugshot exposure decreases witness accuracy at a subsequent lineup. Mugshot exposure both significantly decreased proportion correct and increased the false alarm rate, the effect being greater on false alarms. A mugshot commitment effect, arising from the identification of someone in a mugshot, was a substantial moderator of both these effects. Simple retroactive interference, where the target person is not included among mugshots and no one in a mugshot …
Recent Efforts To Make Nebraska Juries More Representative Of Their Communities, Carly Duvall, Elizabeth Neeley
Recent Efforts To Make Nebraska Juries More Representative Of Their Communities, Carly Duvall, Elizabeth Neeley
Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
According to the Minority and Justice Task Force Report (2003), “the majority of Nebraskans believe that it is important that juries reflect the racial and ethnic makeup of the community.”
The Consciousness Of Religion And The Consciousness Of Law, With Some Implications For Dialogue, Howard Lesnick
The Consciousness Of Religion And The Consciousness Of Law, With Some Implications For Dialogue, Howard Lesnick
All Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
A New Perspective On Aggression In The Schools: Exploring Parental Aggression Towards Teachers, Lisa Hutchinson Wallace, David May
A New Perspective On Aggression In The Schools: Exploring Parental Aggression Towards Teachers, Lisa Hutchinson Wallace, David May
Kentucky Justice and Safety Research Bulletin
While a substantial amount of research has been devoted to identifying the causal influences and perpetrators of delinquency and victimization among students in the public school setting, similar literature focusing on aggression against teachers is typically concerned only with those instances where the students are the perpetrators. In an exploratory effort to add to that literature, we use data collected from a sample of 544 public school teachers in Kentucky to examine teacher perceptions of the prevalence, predictors, and consequences of problematic parental behavior in schools. Our results suggest, within the limitations of the sample under study, a substantial minority …
Divisionews (Spring 2006, Issue 22), American Society Of Criminology Division On Women And Crime
Divisionews (Spring 2006, Issue 22), American Society Of Criminology Division On Women And Crime
Division on Women and Crime Documents and Correspondence
No abstract provided.
On Moral Arguments Against A Legal Right To Unilateral Humanitarian Intervention, David Lefkowitz
On Moral Arguments Against A Legal Right To Unilateral Humanitarian Intervention, David Lefkowitz
Philosophy Faculty Publications
As the international response to recent events in Darfur demonstrates, the restriction of authority to intervene to the United Nations poses the greater legal barrier to intervention. From a practical perspective, then, the more pressing question may be whether international law ought to be modified to permit states, or multi-state organizations, to carry out unilateral humanitarian interventions; that is, interventions that are not authorized by the United Nations. The issue here is essentially a moral one: would the incorporation of a right to unilateral humanitarian intervention entail a moral improvement to international law – for example, a decrease in the …
Measuring Efficiency In Corporate Law: The Role Of Shareholder Primacy, Jill E. Fisch
Measuring Efficiency In Corporate Law: The Role Of Shareholder Primacy, Jill E. Fisch
All Faculty Scholarship
The shareholder primacy norm defines the objective of the corporation as maximization of shareholder wealth. Law and economics scholars have incorporated the shareholder primacy norm into their empirical analyses of regulatory efficiency. An increasingly influential body of scholarship uses empirical methodology to evaluate legal rules that allocate power within the corporation. By embracing the shareholder primacy norm, empirical scholars offer normative assessments about regulatory choices based on the effect of legal rules on measures of shareholder value such as stock price, net profits, and Tobin’s Q.
This Article challenges the foundations of using the shareholder primacy norm to judge corporate …
Slavery In The 21st Century, Paul R. Rickert
Slavery In The 21st Century, Paul R. Rickert
Faculty Publications and Presentations
This paper briefly examines the modern practice of slavery. It attempts to demonstrate that slavery is a larger problem than most understand, does exist in the United States, and will outline some effective means to combat it.
Biochemical Characterization Of Mammalian High Mobility Group Protein A2, Lorraine Katy Edwards
Biochemical Characterization Of Mammalian High Mobility Group Protein A2, Lorraine Katy Edwards
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The high mobility group protein HMGA2 is an architectural transcription factor, which is expressed during embryogenesis. Aberrant expression causes benign and malignant tumor formation. The protein possesses three "AT hook" domains and an acidic Cterminal. HMGA2 is natively unstructured, however it forms a homodimer. In this study site-directed mutagenesis was used to create single methionine mutants, HMGA2Q37M, HMGA2I71M and HMGA2Q85M. These mutants were cross-linked using EDC and then cleaved using CNBr to determine which domains are involved in homodimer formation. Our results indicate that the second "AT hook" domain may interact with the C-terminal. We then labeled a peptide containing …
The Role Of Amplicon Length Heterogeneity-Polymerase Chain Reaction In Microbial Community Profiling And Presumptive Testing Of Bioagents, Melissa S. Doud
The Role Of Amplicon Length Heterogeneity-Polymerase Chain Reaction In Microbial Community Profiling And Presumptive Testing Of Bioagents, Melissa S. Doud
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Due to the threat of bioterrorist acts, there is a need to develop techniques that rapidly detect possible bioagents. Amplicon length heterogeneity-polymerase chain reaction (ALH-PCR) presumptively identifies eubacteria in samples by detecting differences between the lengths of the hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. To study the efficiency, reproducibility, and reliability of the technique, sputum from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients has been chosen as the model system. There is an abundance of microorganisms in the sputum of the CF lung. Using ALH-PCR, the complex microbial diversity and vast community composition in the lungs of the CF patients were studied. …
Responding To The Realities Of The Era Of Mass Incarceration In America. Keynote Address At The Public/Private Venture Conference On March 21, 2006 In Houston, Tx., Jeremy Travis
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Improving Civil Jury Decision-Making : Evidentiary And Procedural Issues, Julian A. Gilbert
Improving Civil Jury Decision-Making : Evidentiary And Procedural Issues, Julian A. Gilbert
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The civil jury has been under attack in recent years for being unreliable and incompetent. Considering the myriad causes for poor civil juror decision-making, the current investigation explores both procedural and evidentiary issues that impact juror's decisions. Specifically, the first phase of this dissertation examines how jurors (mis)use evidence pertaining to the litigants when determining liability and awarding damages. After investigating how jurors utilize evidence, the focus shifts to exploring the utility of procedural reforms designed to improve decision-making (specifically revising the instructions on the laws in the case and bifurcating the damage phases of the trial). Using the results …
Blawgs, Podcasts, Wikis? Deciphering The Lingo And Evaluating Current Awareness Tools, Carol A. Watson
Blawgs, Podcasts, Wikis? Deciphering The Lingo And Evaluating Current Awareness Tools, Carol A. Watson
Presentations
Methods and technology for keeping track of current legal news range from simple to advanced. Simple methods such as becoming familiar with legal news web sites and visiting them regularly are still highly effective. More advanced technologies such as blogs and podcasts offer more diverse methods of delivering information by using sound and video (as opposed to reading plain text). Armed with basic knowledge about these new tools, you can make informed decisions about which technologies can increase your current awareness knowledge.
Environmental Justice And The Role Of Criminology: An Analytical Review Of 33 Years Of Environmental Justice Research, Lisa Anne Zilney, Danielle Mcgurrin, Sammy Zahran
Environmental Justice And The Role Of Criminology: An Analytical Review Of 33 Years Of Environmental Justice Research, Lisa Anne Zilney, Danielle Mcgurrin, Sammy Zahran
Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
An increasing number of scholars and activists have begun to tackle a variety of issues relevant to environmental justice studies. This study attempts to address the role of criminologists in this domain. The authors examine 425 environmental justice articles in 204 academic journals, representing 18 programs/departments between 1970 and 2003. First, they measure the environmental justice contributions in the literature by academic department or activist affiliation. Second, they identify the major themes in the literature as they have developed and reveal the current and future directions of environmental justice studies. Such themes include the spatial distribution of hazards, social movements, …
Professional Integrity In Higher Education: Behind The Green Curtain In The Land Of Oz, Gordon A. Crews, Angela D. West
Professional Integrity In Higher Education: Behind The Green Curtain In The Land Of Oz, Gordon A. Crews, Angela D. West
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations
This article discusses concerns related to professional integrity in academics and to the use of collegiality as an informal criterion for employment and evaluation decisions. We question the nature of the educational enterprise and the academic environment within which both students and faculty operate. We use the AAUP Statement on Professional Ethics to guide our examination of collegiality, and the three traditional areas of faculty evaluation (teaching, scholarship, and service), as they relate to professional integrity. We discuss potential pitfalls in situations involving integrity concerns, and suggest that the use of collegiality in professional decisions is more prevalent and potentially …