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Pushing The First Domino: Freeing The Whales In Canada, Luc Paul Bourgeois
Pushing The First Domino: Freeing The Whales In Canada, Luc Paul Bourgeois
LLM Theses
In 2019, the Canadian Parliament adopted Bill S-203, titled the Ending the Captivity of Whales and Dolphins Act [Whales Act], to phase-out the captivity of cetaceans – that is, whales, dolphins, and porpoises – mainly for entertainment purposes. This new law reflected scientific knowledge and signaled a shift in public attitudes relating to cetacean captivity. Undeniably, this piece of legislation raises many legal and normative questions. Drawing on the capabilities approach, espoused by Martha C. Nussbaum, this paper will explore the nature and impact of the Whales Act in the Canadian political and legal landscape, as well as the newly …
Putting The Constitutional Horse Before The Cart: Federal Jurisdiction Over Next Generation Environmental Assessment, Anna Johnston
Putting The Constitutional Horse Before The Cart: Federal Jurisdiction Over Next Generation Environmental Assessment, Anna Johnston
LLM Theses
This thesis explores the extent of federal jurisdiction over a next generation environmental assessment (EA) model proposed by Sinclair, Doelle and Gibson. Examining the jurisprudence and literature, it analyses the scope of federal constitutional authority during the triggering, information-gathering and analysis and decision-making stages of project, strategic and regional assessment. A federal next generation EA law focused on impacts on areas of federal authority could be upheld under various federal constitutional heads of power. Federal jurisdiction is most important at decision-making, and authority to trigger an assessment should be based on the low jurisdictional threshold of reasonable probability of federal …
Quebec's Bill 1: A Case Study In Anti-Corruption Legislation And The Barriers To Evidence-Based Law-Making, Graham Steele
Quebec's Bill 1: A Case Study In Anti-Corruption Legislation And The Barriers To Evidence-Based Law-Making, Graham Steele
LLM Theses
Corruption is a significant problem around the world. Large-scale public works projects are especially prone to corruption. Much international effort has been devoted to fighting corruption, but the impact of these efforts is debatable. Public-sector procurement in the Canadian province of Quebec has, since 2009, been beset by scandal. After defeat of the Liberal government in 2012, the first bill introduced by the new Parti Québécois government was an anti-corruption measure. The heart of Bill 1 is a system by which construction contractors have to demonstrate "integrity" in order to bid on public contracts. Quebec's lawmakers could have looked to …
Patient Safety Law: Regulatory Change In Britain And Canada, Fiona Mcdonald
Patient Safety Law: Regulatory Change In Britain And Canada, Fiona Mcdonald
PhD Dissertations
Did governments in different countries regulate common concerns about patient safety differently? If so how and why did they do this? This thesis undertakes a historical comparison of the regulation of patient safety in Britain and Canada between 1980 and 2005. These jurisdictions began the period with very similar regulatory frameworks, but by 2005 there were distinct differences in each jurisdiction‘s regulatory response to patient safety. Britain was very actively regulating all aspects of service provision within its health system in the name of patient safety, whereas Canada‘s regulatory direction showed adherence to the 1980s model with only scattered incremental …
Mexico's Implementation Of The Biodiversity Convention And The Catagena Protocol In The Gmo Era: Challenges In Principles, Policies, And Practices, Juan Antonio Herrera
Mexico's Implementation Of The Biodiversity Convention And The Catagena Protocol In The Gmo Era: Challenges In Principles, Policies, And Practices, Juan Antonio Herrera
PhD Dissertations
Recent developments in genetic modification and the use of Living Modified Organisms (LMOs) in agriculture have ignited a debate over the potential effects of these organisms on biological diversity. This controversy materializes in the clash between the international environmental and trade regimes. Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs), such as the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) focus on the preservation of biological diversity and, in the case of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (Cartagena Protocol), the safe transfer of LMOs. These Agreements encourage States to base national decisions to allow LMO imports on environmental and risk assessments using the precautionary principle. …
From Hot Air To Action? Climate Change, Compliance, And The Future Of International Environmental Law, Meinhard Doelle
From Hot Air To Action? Climate Change, Compliance, And The Future Of International Environmental Law, Meinhard Doelle
PhD Dissertations
This dissertation considers the evolution, current state, and future prognosis of the global climate change regime under the umbrella of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The focus of the dissertation is on State compliance with the Kyoto Protocol. Compliance is considered from the perspective of the internal compliance regime developed under the Kyoto Protocol as well as a select set of potential external international law influences. The dissertation concludes with an assessment of the level of compliance to be expected and its potential influence on the future of the climate change regime. Implications for international environmental law …
Reconstructing A Divided Society: Development Of Self-Government And Judicial Reform In Kosovo, Sasha Baglay
Reconstructing A Divided Society: Development Of Self-Government And Judicial Reform In Kosovo, Sasha Baglay
LLM Theses
For the past decade the Kosovo has been a subject of conflict. Since June 1999 the Province is undergoing the reconstruction of civil society under the direction of the United Nations in the form of the United Nations Interim Administration in Kosovo (UNMIK). This thesis analyzes the prospects of developing democratic government in a post-conflict Kosovo. On a larger scale, the Kosovo study serves the basis for the analysis of the techniques available for the international community to build democracy in ethnically divided societies. The argument of this thesis rests on the premise that in ethnically divided societies traditional democratic …
Collective Security And The Legality Of The Ecowas Intervention In The Liberian Civil War, Ikechi Maduka Mgbeoji
Collective Security And The Legality Of The Ecowas Intervention In The Liberian Civil War, Ikechi Maduka Mgbeoji
LLM Theses
The discontent in Liberia, which found expression in a violent rebellion, was soon fanned across the sub-region by the inconsistencies of the Berlin boundaries in Africa. Faced with a defective global machinery for the resolution of armed conflicts, what should the neighbouring states do? The West African states found an answer to that conundrum by forcefully intervening on the grounds of a collective security interest in Liberia. In an age of widening conception of collective security, the West African states have urged as legal justifications, the invitation by the incumbent president of Liberia, collective self-defence and an 'ex post facto' …